• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.359-365
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• 2008

CP(Counterpropagation)알고리즘은 서로 다른 두 개의 신경망이 하나로 결합 된 혼합형 모델로서, 다른 신경망 모델에 비해 비교적 단순하고 빠른 학습 속도를 보인다. 그러나 CP 알고리즘은 다양한 패턴이 입력되면 충분한 경쟁층의 수가 설정되지 않아 학습이 불안정하고, 출력층에서 연결강도를 조정할 때 일반적인 학습률 조정방법으로 불안정한 학습 결과를 보인다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 다수의 경쟁층을 설정하여 경쟁층에서 패턴 분류의 정확성을 높이고, 입력 벡터와 승자 뉴런의 대표 벡터간의 차이와 승자 빈도수를 반영하여 학습률을 동적으로 조정하여 경쟁층에서의 학습이 안정적으로 진행되도록 하고, 출력층에서 연결강도를 조정할 때 모멘텀(momentum)학습법을 적용한 개선된 CP 알고리즘이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 개선된 CP 알고리즘에서 경쟁층의 수를 효율적으로 설정하기 위해 퍼지 제어 기법을 이용하여 경쟁층의 수를 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 CP 알고리즘에 입력되는 패턴의 정보를 이용하여 퍼지 소속 함수를 설계하고 입력에 대한 소속도를 계산한 후, 퍼지 제어 규칙을 적용하고, Mamdani의 Min_Max 추론 방법으로 추론한다. 퍼지 추론을 통해 최종적으로 얻어진 값을 무게 중심법으로 비퍼지화 하여 최종적으로 개선된 CP 알고리즘의 경쟁층의 수를 결정하는데 적용한다. 제안된 방법의 학습 및 인식 성능을 평가하기 위해, 숫자, 영어 등과 같이 다양한 패턴을 실험에 적용한 결과, 제안된 방법이 경쟁층의 수를 결정하는데 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.36-42
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• 2015

The aspherical lens was designed to be able to array a focal point. For this reason, it has very curved surface. The aspherical lens is fabricated by injection molding or diamond turning machine. With the aspherical lens, tool marks and surface roughness affect the optical characteristics, such as transmissivity. However, it is difficult to polish free form surface shapes uniformly with conventional methods. Therefore, in this paper, the ultra-precision polishing method with MR fluid was used to polish an aspherical lens with 4-axis position control systems. A Tool path and polishing mechanism were developed to polish the aspherical lens shape. An MR polishing experiment was performed using a generated tool path with a PMMA aspherical lens after the turning process. As a result, surface roughness was improved from $R_a=40.99nm$, $R_{max}=357.1nm$ to $R_a=4.54nm$, $R_{max}=35.72nm$. Finally, the MR polishing system can be applied to the finishing process of fabrication of the aspherical lens.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.864-869
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• 1993

This paper presents the problem of automatically recognizing embossed or molded characters which are raised from the side wall on rubber tire. In the tire image objects have approximately the same gray-value as the background and because of the tire geometry, illumination of the surface is nonhomogenous. Therefore it is difficult to recognize the raised tire character. In this paper, for describing the process of processing three steps have been proposed: 1) MIN & MAX smoothing operation filter, 2) edge detection algorithm using modified laplacian operator, 3) noise rejection. Afterwards, segmentation is done to attain characters from tire image by projection method. The recognition of the characters in the segmented image is carried out by using multilayered neural network, which is insensitive to the noise.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1249-1253
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• 2005

This paper presents a method to model the path loss characteristics in microwave urban line-of-sight (LOS) propagation. We propose new upper- and lower-bound models for the LOS path loss using fuzzy linear regression (FLR). The spread of upper- and lower-bound of FLR depends on max and min value of a sample path loss data while the conventional upper- and lower-bound models, the spread of the bound intervals are fixed and do not depend on the sample path loss data. Comparison of our models to conventional upper- and lower-bound models indicate that improvements in accuracy over the conventional models are achieved.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.563-569
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• 2015

A chemical reaction occurring in CSTR (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor) is significantly affected by the concentration, temperature, pressure, and reacting time of materials, and thus it has strong nonlinear and time-varying characteristics. Also, when an existing linear PID controller with fixed gain is used, the performance could deteriorate or could be unstable if the system parameters change due to the change in the operating point of CSTR. In this study, a technique for the design of a fuzzy PD plus I controller was proposed for the temperature control of a CSTR process. In the fuzzy PD plus I controller, a linear integral controller was added to a fuzzy PD controller in parallel, and the steady-state performance could be improved based on this. For the fuzzy membership function, a Gaussian type was used; for the fuzzy inference, the Max-Min method of Mamdani was used; and for the defuzzification, the center of gravity method was used. In addition, the saturation state of the actuator was also considered during controller design. The validity of the proposed method was examined by comparing the set-point tracking performance and the robustness to the parameter change with those of an adaptive controller and a nonlinear proportional-integral-differential controller.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.509-514
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• 2017

Concrete retaining walls are the most common types of geotechnical structures for controlling instable slopes resulting from lateral pressure. In analytical stability, calculation of the concrete retaining walls is regarded as a rigid mass when its safety is required. When cracks in these structures are created, the stability may be enforced and causes to defeat. Therefore, identification, creation and propagation of cracks are among the important steps in control of lacks and stabilization. Using the numerical methods for simulation of crack propagation in concrete retaining walls bodies are among the new aspects of geotechnical analysis. Among the considered analytical methods in geotechnical appraisal, the boundary element method (BEM) for simulation of crack propagation in concrete retaining walls is very convenient. Considered concrete retaining wall of this paper is Pars Power Plant structured in south side in Assalouyeh, SW of Iran. This wall's type is RW6 with 11 m height and 440 m length and endurance of refinery construction lateral forces. To evaluate displacement and stress distributions (${\sigma}_{1,max}/{\sigma}_{3,min}$), the surrounding, especially in tip and its opening crack BEM, is considered an appropriate method. By considering the result of this study, with accurate simulation of crack propagation, it is possible to determine the final status of progressive failure in concrete retaining walls and anticipate the suitable stabilization method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.36C no.6
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• pp.52-62
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• 1999

This paper presents a system which recognizes dynamic hand gestures on-line for controlling motion of numan avatar in virtual environment(VF). A dynamic hand gesture is a method of communication between a computer and a human being who uses gestures, especially both hands and fingers. A human avatar consists of 32 degree of freedom(DOF) for natural motion in VE and navigates by 8 pre-defined dynamic hand gestures. Inverse kinematics and dynamic kinematics are applied for real-time motion control of human avatar. In this paper, we apply a fuzzy min-max neural network and feature analysis method using fuzzy logic for on-line dynamic hand gesture recognition.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.335-339
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• 2014

Cowper chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) is the 'controlled' quarantine virus as plant pathogenic virus that are classed as group VI (+) ssRNA virus that belongs to the genus Bromovirus and family Bromoviridae, When plants that are Phaseolus vulgaris, Clitoria ternatea, Nicotiana tabaccum, Glycine max, Vigna unguiculata and Vigna siensis, and Arachis hypogaea is imported in domestic. In this study, inspection system is implemented to analyze CCMV accurately and rapidly by developing RT-PCR, nested PCR, and gene insertion positive control. It is expected that the method developed in this study will contribute to the plant quarantine to be consistently utilized in the field.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2014

Vacuum kinetic spray(VKS) is a relatively advanced process for fabricating thin/thick and dense ceramic coatings via submicron-sized particle impact at room temperature. However, unfortunately, the particle velocity, which is an important value for investigating the deposition mechanism, has not been clarified yet. Thus, in this research, VKS average particle velocities were derived by numerical analysis method(CFD: computational fluid dynamics) connected with an experimental approach(SCM: slit cell method). When the process gas or powder particles are accelerated by a compressive force generated by gas pressure in kinetic spraying, a tensile force generated by the vacuum in the VKS system accelerates the process gas. As a result, the gas is able to reach supersonic speed even though only 0.6MPa gas pressure is used in VKS. In addition, small size powders can be accelerated up to supersonic velocity by means of the drag-force of the low pressure process gas flow. Furthermore, in this process, the increase of gas flow makes the drag-force stronger and gas distribution more homogenized in the pipe, by which the total particle average velocity becomes higher and the difference between max. and min. particle velocity decreases. Consequently, the control of particle size and gas flow rate are important factors in making the velocity of particles high enough for successful deposition in the VKS system.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.113-127
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• 2008

This paper proposes an efficient spatial index, named $AR^*$-tree(Area $R^*$-tree) which is a variant of the $R^*$-tree, for mobile software. A MBR(Minimum Bounding Rectangle) structure of the $AR^*$-tree has additional min and max values of area axis as well as x and y axes. The value of area axis is used to determine the significance of a spatial data. If area of a spatial data is large, then it is significant when drawing a map. To reduce complexity of a map on a small screen of mobile device, only significant spatial data can be found by the $AR^*$-tree. The result of a series of tests indicates that the $AR^*$-tree provides a method for control of readability of a map and guarantees an efficient performance at the same time.