• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary habits, health lifestyle, preference and intake of beverages of Chinese students in Gyeonggi area. Therefore, we try to identify the factors that affect beverage consumption. According to the analysis of the demographic characteristics of male and female Chinese students, there were 155 male students (49.7%) and 157 female students (50.3%). There were statistically significant differences between the residence period and the time of coming to Korea according to sex (p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the education level, residence type and Korean ability (p>0.05). Analysis of the differences in health-related lifestyle among Chinese students of both sexes showed statistically significant difference in alcohol drinking, smoking, and exercise according to sex (p<0.05), but no statistically significant difference in computer use time (p>0.05). According to the analysis of the dietary habits of the Chinese students, there was a statistically significant difference in the number of meals per day, breakfast, lunch, dinner, snack frequency and number of midnight snacks, but no statistically significant difference in eating out frequency. As a result of the preference test for general beverages, 4.11 points of water, 3.81 points of milk, 3.64 points of fruit and vegetable juice, 3.58 points of tea, 3.25 points of coffee, 3.22 points of carbonated drinks, 2.92 points of functional drinks, respectively. Male students were more likely to prefer water, tea, and health functional drinks while female students had higher preference for fruit, vegetable juice and vinegar drinks (p<0.05). In general, consumption of regular drinks was 4.95 in water, 3.58 in milk, 3.03 in coffee, 2.92 in carbonated drink, 2.91 in fruit and vegetable juice, 2.63 in tea, 2.07 in functional drink, and 1.44 in vinegar appear. Male students had higher intake of water, tea, carbonated drinks, and health functional drinks while female students had higher intake of fruit and vegetable juice (p<0.05). The results of correlation analysis of factors affecting the general drinking of Chinese students are as follows. The intake of tea was related to the period of residence and dietary habits, the intake of milk for breakfast, the number of snacks and midnight snacks for carbonated drinks, and the fruit vegetable juice were related to dietary habits (p<0.01, p<0.05).

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2023

본 연구는 한국의 청소년들이 학교에서 받는 영양 및 식습관 교육이 실제로 식생활 문화와 어떠한 연관성과 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구의 대상과 방법은 2022년도(제18차) 청소년건강행태온라인조사(KYRSB) 자료를 이용한 이차분석연구이다. 아침식사 빈도, 아침식사 결식 이유, 과일, 고카페인 음료, 단맛 나는 음료, 패스트푸드, 채소, 우유, 물, 야식 섭취 빈도를 변수로 SPSS프로그램을 활용하여 통계적 유의성을 확인하였다. 학교에서 영양·식습관 교육을 받은 그룹과 받지 않은 그룹은 아침 식사, 패스트푸드, 야식에 대해 유의한 차이 있었다(p<.001). 아침식사 섭취 빈도를 비교한 결과, 교육을 받은 그룹이 7일 이상 먹는 비율이 높았고, 0일의 경우는 교육을 받지 않는 그룹이 높게 나타났다. 우유 섭취에 대해서는 교육을 받지 않은 그룹이 더 높은 비율로 먹지 않았고, 물 섭취에 대해서도 교육을 받지 않은 그룹이 더 높은 비율로 1컵 미만으로 먹었다. 본 연구는 학교에서의 영양·식습관 교육, 아침 식사 및 음료 섭취에 대한 개선을 위한 연구의 기초자료 및 학교에서의 영양·식습관 교육이 더욱 효과적일 수 있는 방안 연구의 토대로 활용하고자 하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.36-46
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• 1976

This study was projected to provide basic data on prenatal care for future direction in maternity and child care, and also to investigate the diet of women during pregnancy and the period directly afterwards in order to offer to mothers appropriate advice for the improvement of nutritional standards. A clinical study on prenatal care was based on 1054 delivery cases. A nutritional survey was performed on 174 mothers admitted to the department of obstetrics at St. Mary's Hospital during the period of March, 1975 to February, 1976. The results obtained are summarized as follows; I. Clinical study on prenatal care 1) The age distribution showed 59.4% of the mothers were between the ages of 25 to 29 years old. 2) The gestational period was highest between the 37th and 40th gestational weeks. 33.7% of the mothers were primigravidae and 31.8% of them primiparae. 3) 41.3% of the mothers had not received prenatal care or had only received it once before. 4) Induced deliveries were 61.8% and spontantaneous deliveries 38.2%. 61.9% of the mothers had received prenatal care, while those without prenatal care accounted for 61.6% of the total induced deliveries. 5) Low birth weights were 7.7% and 5.0% of the mothers had received prenatal care, while 11.5% had no prenatal care. 6) There were 1.13% of still births, 0.32% of the mothers had prenatal care and the remainder did not have prenatal care. 7) Of those receiving prenatal care, 2.1% showed in the $0{\sim}3$ Apgar score group, 6.3% in the $4{\sim}6$ Apgar score group, and 91.6% in the $7{\sim}10$ Apgar score group. Among the non-prenatally cared for group 5.0% of the newborns were in the $0{\sim}3$ Apgar score group, 9.7% were in $4{\sim}6$ Apgar score group and 85.3% were in the $7{\sim}10$ Apgar score group. 8) Obstetrical complications were developed in 11.86% of the pregnant women when they were hospitalized. Among the group receiving the prenatal care 8.1% of the mothers had obstetrical complications. In the group without prenatal care 17.16% of the mothers had obstetrical complications. The most common obstetrical complication was malpresentation. 9) The first prenatal care was received between the 37th and 40th gestationl weeks. II. Food intake during pregnancy The following are the results from the questionnaires of the mothers concerning diets during pregnancy; 1) Main meals and snacks In 32.2% of the cases, their main meals during the diet amounted to more than was usually eaten at other times. In 67.8% of the cases, their main meals during the diet were the same as that usually eaten. In 22.4% of the cases, snacks during the diet amounted to more than usually eaten at other times. In 77.6% of the cases, snacks during the diet were the same as usually eaten. 2) Itemized list The mothers made a special effort to include certain items in their diets, the following is a breakdown of those items; a. egg, meat, fish 33.3% b. fruit, vegetables 32.2%. c. milk, fruit juice 18.4% d. cake, bread 2.9% e. nothing special 13.2% 3) Milk 44.8% of the mothers had at least one cup of milk everyday. 33.4% of the mothers had at least one cup of milk on occasion. 15.5% of the mothers did not have any milk. 4) Vitamins 39.7% of the mothers had vitamins everyday. 24.7% of the mothers had vitamins occasionally. 35.6% of the mothers did not have any vitamins. 5) Anemic symptoms 9.2% of the mothers very often had anemic symptoms during pregnancy. 39.1% of the mothers often had anemic symptoms during pregnancy. 51.7% of the mothers did not have anemic symptoms at all. 6) Taboos on food 23% of the mothers recognized 'taboos' on food during pregnancy 27% of the mothers displayed on uncertainty about the 'taboos' on food during pregnancy 50% of the mothers displayed indifference toward the taboos. III. Nutritional survey on the new mothers diet. 1) The diets for new mothers can be divided into four categories, such as general diet, low sodium diet, soft diet and liquid diet. 2) Cooked rice and seaweed soup were the main foods for the new mothers as has been the traditional diet for Korean mothers. 3) The average diet contained 1,783g. And the average consumption of the basic food groups per capita per day was 1,265g for cereals and grains, 456g for meats and legumes, 58g for fruits and vegetables, 0g for milk and fish and 4g for fats and oils. 4) In addition to the 1,783g of food in the main diet there was also 142.8g of food taken as snacks. 5) The average daily consumption of calories and nutrients was 2,697 Kcal and 123.4g for proteins, 44.9g for fats, 718.2mg for calcium, 14mg for iron, 2,101.4 I.U. for vitamin A, 0.43mg for thiamine, 1.02mg for riboflavin, 15.88mg for niacin, 5.26mg for ascorbic acid. When these figures are compared with the recommended allowances for new mothers in Korea, the calories and nutrients taken in were satisfactory. But the intake of minerals and vitamins was below the recommended allowance.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.240-245
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 식품 내에 존재하는 트랜스지방산 함량에 대한 기초 자료를 수집하기 위하여 서울 지역에서 수거한 레토르트식품류 2종, 분유류 6종, 비스킷류 7종 피자류 3종을 선택하여 총 4종류의 18종의 시료를 분석하였다. 레토르트식품류 2종, 분유류 6종, 비스킷류 1종은 chloroform-methanol(CM) 추출법에 의하여 조지방을 추출하였으며 비스킷류 6종, 피자류 3종은 chloroform-methanol(CM) 추출법과 acid digestion 추출법을 각각 이용하여 조지방을 추출한 후 gas chromatography(GC)에 의해 트랜스지방산 함량을 분석하였다. 레토르트식품류의 총 지방 중 트랜스지방산 함량은 1-2.8%이며 분유류의 트랜스지방산 함량은 0.4-2.4%로서 제품의 브랜드와 제조회사에 따라 차이가 많이 났다. 비스킷류의 트랜스지방산 함량은 0-2.95%로서 제품 간 가장 많은 차이를 나타내었으며 이는 첨가물의 종류에 따라 달라지는 것으로 사료된다. 피자류에서는 2.8-3.45%의 높은 트랜스지방산 함유율을 나타내었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.270-286
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• 2002

서울, 마산 그리고 진주 지역에 거주하는 일반인 체내에 잔류하는 PCDDs/DFs의 축적 레벨은 독성등량으로 환산하여 PCDDs가 평균 9 pg I-TEQ/g(0.2 ~ 30 pg TEQ/g 지방 중량), PCDFs가 8 pg I-TEQ/g (0.8 ~ 25 pg TEQ/g)으로 계산되어졌다. 한편 마산 지역에서 채취된 모유 샘플의 경우 PCDDs가 평균 13 pg I-TEQ/g (lipid wt.), PCDFs가 평균 4.8 pg I-TEQ/g으로 각각 검출되어졌다. 전반적으로 한국인 체내의 PCDDs/DFs의 잔류레벨은 구미 선진국과 비교하여 낮은 수준임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 유아에 있어 수유를 통한 PCDDs/DFs의 일일 폭로량은 유아 체중을 5 kg, 일일 모유 섭취량을 800 mL 로 가정하여 계산되어졌으며, 그 계산 결과 유아의 2,3,7,8-TeCDD의 폭로량은 39 pg/kg body weight/day 이었으며, 총 TEQ로 환산 할 경우 86 pg/kg/day로 계산되어졌다. 이러한 폭로 레벨은 미국의 실질 안전계수(0.001 pg/kg/day) 혹은 WHO가 설정한 TDI(4 pg/kg/day)를 훨씬 초과하는 수준으로, 단기간이지만 수유기에 이루어지는 다량의 PCDDs/DFs의 폭로에 대한 적절한 리스크 평가와 대책 마련이 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.833-843
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• 2021

Objective: Current study was conducted to determine the effect of postpartum prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) administration on colostrum and milk yield, colostrum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and piglet growth performance. Methods: In total, 36 sows were included in the experiment. The sows were classified into two groups: i) control (n = 11) and ii) PGF2α (n = 25). Sows in the PGF2α group received 10 mg of PGF2α within an hour after farrowing. The body weight of piglets was measured at 0 and 24 h after birth to estimate colostrum consumption. Colostrum was collected at 1 and 24 h after farrowing to determine IgG concentrations. For milk yield study, the remaining sows in the PGF2α group (n = 23) were divided into two subgroups: i) single PGF2α (n = 12) and ii) multiple PGF2α (n = 11). In the multiple PGF2α, the sows received repeated doses of PGF2α at seven and 14 days postpartum. The piglets' body weight was measured at 0, 1, 5, and 20 days of age. The milk yield of the sows was calculated. Results: Colostrum yield of sows averaged 5.62±2.25 kg. Sows treated with PGF2α postpartum had a higher colostrum yield than control (7.01 and 5.12 kg, p<0.05). The concentration of IgG in colostrum at 24 h in the PGF2α group was higher than the control (31.6 and 17.4 g/L, p<0.05). For primiparous sows, milk yield was highest in the sows treated with multiple doses of PGF2α during lactation and lowest in control sows (10.25 and 7.61 kg, p<0.05). Colostrum intake was higher in the treatment than the control groups (+56.7 g, p<0.05). Primiparous sows treated with multiple doses of PGF2α had a higher litter weight than controls (p<0.01). Conclusion: Postpartum treatment with PGF2α improved colostrum yield and IgG in multiparous sows and increased colostrum intake of piglets. Multiple administration of PGF2α improved the milk yield and increased litter weight of piglets in primiparous sows.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.1083-1090
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• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the short-term effects of dietary selenium supplementation on lactating sows on the physiological response, litter performance, milk composition, and tissue selenium retention in piglets when selenium was provided by different sources and at different levels in a lactation diet. Methods: A total of 48 multiparous sows (Yorkshire×Landrace) with average body weight, backfat thickness, and parity were assigned to one of the four treatments with 12 sows per treatment using a 2×2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Inorganic or organic Se sources were added to the diet at 0.30 ppm and 0.50 ppm Se. Treatments were as follows: i) IS30, basal diet + inorganic Se 0.30 ppm; ii) IS50, basal diet + inorganic Se 0.50 ppm; iii) OS30, basal diet + organic Se 0.30 ppm; and iv) OS50: basal diet + organic Se 0.50 ppm. Results: At Day 21 of lactation, a high tendency of litter weight (p = 0.08) and litter weight gain (p = 0.09) were observed when sows were fed an organic Se source. The milk Se concentration in the organic Se treatment was higher than that in the inorganic Se treatment at Day 21 of lactation (p<0.05). The serum Se concentrations of sows and piglets at Day 21 of lactation were significantly higher when lactating sows were fed organic Se instead of inorganic Se (p<0.01). During the suckling period, the kidney and muscle Se concentrations of piglets at Day 21 of lactation were significantly higher when the sow dietary Se source was organic (p<0.05). Liver Se concentrations were affected by Se source and level (p<0.05). This also resulted in an interaction response at 21 days of lactation (p<0.05). Conclusion: The supplementation of dietary organic Se in a lactating diet could improve sow feed consumption, piglet performance, milk Se level, and the Se status of sows and piglets.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.333-352
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• 1999

This study investigates the impact of International Monetary Fund(IMF) Age on the household behavior of food consumption and analysis the related factors(demographic variables, family life style) to find out the reasonable consumer's consciousness and food market conditions. The results are as follows. 1. General life style and food life style, considered as family life style, were classified into 7 types and 9 types respectively as family life style by factor analysis. 2. The rationality of using and disposing stage on food life has increased, the rationality of the planning stage on food life has decreased since the IMF age began. But the rationality of overall food consumption has hardly changed. 3. The amount of purchasing was decreased, discount store was favorite place to buy food, and safety and freshness were major determinants in purchasing for most of food items. But this was different with food items. The various information sources were used impartially to buy food, cash was used mainly, and the degree of using the discount ticket/coupon was a little low. 4. Income level is an influential factor on the rationality of the planning and purchasing stage on food life, while environment-oriented food life style has influenced on the rationality of using and disposing stage. The purchasing amount of grain products, meats, milk products, bread and snacks, drinks, alcoholic drinks, water and convenience goods has influenced by demographic variables, eating out had been influenced by general life styles, and fruits, healthy foods, processed foodstuffs, favorite foods, vegetables seaweeds, import foods and seafood had been mainly influenced by food life style since IMF age began.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2002

Research on diet, acculturation, and ethnicity has suggested that immigrants dietary patterns differ from people who do not have immigration experience. The purpose of this paper is to present preliminary descriptive findings concerning consumption of foods that are common in Korean and American diets, by people of Korean descent residing in California. Adults (18 years of age or older, N=1334) of Korean descent who could be reached by listed residential telephone number in California were randomly selected and telephone-interviewed by closely supervised bilingual (Korean-English) interviewers who were specially trained for this task. This study found that dietary patterns of Koreans living in California differed according to age and gender; also, the frequency of consumption of foods differed according to number of years of residence and acculturation. Koreans who reported higher levels of acculturation to American society ate less of traditional Korean foods such as Kimchi and ate significantly more higher-fat foods common in the American diet. Increased acculturation was also related to an increased frequency of alcohol drinking. Older Koreans tended to eat slightly more of traditional foods such as rice, Kimchi, fruits, and fish, compared to younger Koreans. Women tended to eat healthier foods than men, consuming green vegetables, Kimchi, milk, cheese/yogurt, fruits, and bread more frequently. Koreans reporting longer residences in the United States reported a greater consumption of pork, bread, and soda.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.51-74
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• 1991

It has been many changes in traditional Korean food habits according to the improvement of household income levels and the rise of standard of living. Therefore, the pattern of consumption in animal origin processed/convenient foods would have changed. This research aims to find the tendency of consumption in some animal origin processed/convenient foods compared with typical Korean traditional foods according to household income levels. Therefore, this survey was made on 698 children from 10 elementary schools located in Seoul. They were divided into 6 groups according to their household income levels. The data were analysed using Chi-square test and F-test in SPSS package program. From this research, the following results were obtained: 1. Their average monthly household income levels were between 500, 000~1, 500, 000 won(64.2%) and their family were of mostly 4~5 members. There were no significant differences in children's physical status among various income groups. As the household. income level increases, the food expenditure per month increases and Engel's coefficient decreases. 2. The animal origin processed/convenient foods that have no significant differences are ham, sausage, milk, yogurt, canned fish, and fish meal. The high-income groups preferred bacon, cheese, pork cutlet, and fried chicken, compared to those of low-income groups. The low-income groups preferred crab-flavored meal, compared to those of high-income groups. 3. In some Korean traditional foods, there were significant differences according to income levels. Those were Bulgogi, baked fish, fried meat, cooked fish and meat with soy-bean sauce. Fried fish and anchovy have no significant differences in food intake frequency according to household income levels. Chicken and egg saute are liked by children in every income groups. 4. Between the animal origin processed/convenient foods and the typical Korean nonprocessed traditional foods, children preferred the former regardless of income levels. In conclusion, animal origin processed/convenient food consumption patterns were not affected by household income levels.