• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권2호
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• pp.165-200
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• 2004

A look back at the history of war reveals that leaders/nations which were able to recognize beforehand the change in weaponary or the concept of implementing war achieved victory in war(battle) while those that were not able to do so lost. Along with the development of civilization, so too did the characteristics of war : from the first wave of war (ancient, Napoleon's war)$\rightarrow$ the second wave of war (The first and second World War) $\rightarrow$ to the third wave of war (The Gulf War, and the War in Iraq). Especially notable was the American led victory earned in the Afghanistan and Iraq wars which applied the Rapid Decisive Operations(RDO) concept according to the Effects Based Operations(EBO) following the Gulf War and 9.11. This is the time when methods of warfare is changing through development in military science technology and military innovation and when the change of the defense paradigm including those of the Korea - U.S. alliance is required. We should therefore prepare for the future by delving into the analysis of American Modern warfare and learn from it.

• 복식
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• 제28권
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• pp.239-253
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• 1996

The purpose of this dissertation is to exam-ine the hippie look which is one of the most popular fashion trends in the early 90s, in re-lation to the hippie style in 60s and cultural restoration. in order to investigate the re-lationship this dissertation studies the trans-feral phenomenon of anti-fashion into mother fashion in the basis of social and clutural theories. hippie culture is the anti-culture which appeared in America in the late 60s, it tried to create a new culture by subverting the ruling class culture with their combative life style and peculiar appearance which are distinguished from mother culture. First of all to examine the inner symbolic meaning and outer shape of the hippie style I divided the characteristics of the hippies into ideology social value and attitude on sex. in the aspect of ideology the hippie show strong subjectivity while mother culture shows ob-jectivity. in social value the hippie has the resisting chaacteristics while mother culture has the conformative characteristics. In the aspect of sex the hippie tries to break the fixed idea of mother culture. Hippie culture as anti-culture is symbolically expressed in hippie style fashion which is dif-ferent from mother fashion in shape. There-fore the inner meaning and the outer shape of the hippie style shows strong characteristics of anti-fashion. Hippie style as anti-fashion has an effect on high fashion in the late 60s and the early 70s and on hippie look which is restored in 90s. however hippie-look in 90s is a mother-fashion in which all symbolic mean-ings of the hippie style are weakened and the only outer shape of hippie style is presented and suggested. It doesn't show any cultural backgrounds ideology social value and new attitude on sex of the hippies. The transferal phenomenon of anti-fashion into mother-fashion is summarized as follows. First in the process of tranference to highfashion in 60s and 70s and hippie-look in 90s the resistance of the hippie style is weakened and only suggested through the outer look. Second the hippie style which reappeared in the high fashion and mother fashion in 90s are layered look military uniform mode flower print grunge look romantic look peasant look ethnic look gypsy style handicraft ornaments working suit style handicraft ornaments working suit style and the use of the see-through cloth. Third the fact that the popular and high fashion were influenced by anti fashion in 60s proves filter-up theory in fashion adaption theory. As I examined before the ideology of the hippies are faded in high fashion in 60s-70s and hippie-look in 90s. The symbolic meaning of the hippie style is also weakened and only presented as a fashion trend.

• Journal of East Asia Management
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2020

Military experience has a great impact on a soldier ability to handle risks. Therefore, when those soldiers become managers, they may behave differently in making risky corporate decisions, especially in activities like the R&D investment. However, studies on how military experience affect R&D have been largely missing in the largest emerging economy, i.e. China, despite that the country hires a higher percentage of military managers than the US. In addition, it remains a question whether military managers affect the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China, as many of the corporate decisions are made by the government. This paper tries to address these questions. The imprinting theory and the upper echelon theory suggest that managers' personal experience can affect their behaviour, which in turn influences their corporate decisions. In this paper, we examine whether managers with military experience lead to higher R&D investment and whether such an effect exists in state-owned enterprises. Based on a sample of listed firms in China's A-share market over 2008-2017, we make two findings. First, companies with military managers have high R&D investment. By dividing managers' military positions into high and low rank, we find that companies tend to have higher (lower) R&D investment if their managers hold a high-rank (low-rank) position. Second, the effect of high-rank military managers on R&D investment is more pronounced if the manager is also the founder and the company is a non-state-owned enterprise. For low-ranking military managers, a stronger effect on R&D investment is also observed if they are also the founder, but whether their companies are state-owned or not has no impact on R&D investment. This study identifies managers' military experience as a contributing factors to corporate R&D investment in the largest emerging economy. This paper tests an implication of the imprinting theory and the upper echelon theory, i.e., managers' personal experience can affect their behaviour, which in turn influences their corporate decisions. Specifically, we focus on one aspect of personal experience - military experience - and look at whether it is beneficial to firms' technological innovation, therefore enriches the literature of managerial heterogeneity. Our findings on the influence of managers' military experience on firms' technological innovation can help us better understand the role of managers play in corporate decision making, and how managers' individual traits interact with the firm's characteristics.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.29-53
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• 2006

이 연구는 남북한 군사력의 우열을 비교함에 있어 군간부의 인식에 영향을 미치는 세부 전력분야가 무엇인지 설문을 통해 분석한다. 구체적으로 첫째, 주한미군을 제외한 남북한 전체 군사력과 세부 전력분야(육군, 해군, 공군, 특수전, 생화학전, 예비군동원, 정신전력, 정보전 수행능력)에서 군 계급별로 우열 차이를 분석하였다. 둘째, 전체 군사력 인식에 있어 어떠한 세부 전력분야가 영향을 미치는지를 회귀분석을 통해 평가하였다. 셋째, 남북 군사력 평가에서 발생할 수 있는 평가오류를 분석 하였다. 2002년과 2003년 연구결과는 주한미군을 제외하면 한국군이 북한군에 비해 열세라는 평가이나 2005년 조사에는 비슷한 것으로 인식하고 있다. 세부 분야 중에서 한국의 우세는 전쟁지속능력, 정보전, 공군전력, 해군전력의 순이며, 북한의 우세는 생화학전, 특수전, 예비군 동원전력, 육군전력, 정신전력의 순이었다. 남북 군사력 우열 격차에 영향을 미치는 세부 전력분야는 육군, 해군, 공군전력, 특수전 전력 순이었다. 모든 전력분야에 있어 계급이 높을수록 한국이 북한보다 더 열세하다고 평가하고 있다.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제66호
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• pp.9-33
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• 2017

본 연구는 임진왜란시 일본 종군승 또는 감군승을 통한 침략을 갈파하여 유림의 중봉조헌과 함께 의승 의병의 봉기를 대비하였으며, 실제 청주성 전투와 제 1, 2차 금산성 전투에 함께 참전하여 순국 순교하였던 사실을 강조하였다. 특히 영규와 휘하 수백 또는 수천 의승은 불교계에서 최초로 봉기하여 스승 청허휴정과 동문을 중심으로 전국적 의승 봉기가 이어지게 하였다. 이러한 의승은 <진산미륵사초혼기(珍山彌勒寺招魂記)>에서 영규와 의승장과 종사관 군관승(의병장(義兵將) 판관승(判官僧) 1명, 의병장승(義兵將僧) 8명, 종사관승(從事官僧) 2명, 군관승(軍官僧) 1명)만이 기록되어 있으나 종용사에는 '영규와 영규사졸(靈圭士卒)'로만 되어 있다. 영규의 사졸이 바로 의승인데 실록과 제문집류에서 20여명의 존재가 확인된다. 그 외에 다른 의승에 대한 구체적인 법명과 이들의 행적이 밝혀져서 그들의 순국 순교정신이 널리 추념되기를 바라마지 않는다.

• 복식
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.76-88
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to define the concept of the matchless, and its social and cultural origins. I shall also define the different types of Matchless style, the respective characteristics of each style, and the distinguishing features of this style in domestic street fashion. In order to do this, 1 have referred to several published studies and a number of Web-sites of Korean fashion information companies for my research. The results of this study are the following; 1. The concept of matchless is a positive way of self-expression by coordination, created by consumers who attach great importance to their image and to developing their individual style. Also, this concept constitutes a new approach to code which reanalyzes existing styles with a new sensitivity. 2. The social & cultural origins of matchless are the expansion of fear of war and terror, and economic depression, the extension of the 5-day workweek, interest in 'Well-being', and the phenomena of cultural diversity. 3. The types of Matchless are Style Matchless, Theme Matchless, Texture Matchless, Season Matchless, and Complex-Layered Matchless. 4. The distinguishing features of Matchless in street fashion are the distinction of formal & Casual wear's Matchless, the creation of a new Look in Sports & Casual wear's Matchless, the development of a new coordinated, layered look, the immense popularity of Denim, the new fashionable versions of Military style, and the renaissance of the Romantic Feminine Look.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.55-67
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• 2017

한국군 소요체계는 2007년부터 합동전투발전체계(JCDS)를 도입 후 하향식(Top Down) 능력기반 소요체계를 적용 중에 있다. 그러나 이러한 새로운 체계가 현 소요체계와 연계성을 가지고 원활히 추진되어 오지 못하고 있다. 또한 현재의 분석평가 방법론은 시간 소모적이고 많은 비용이 요구되어지고 있고 전체적 관점에서 문제가 무엇인지? 문제에 대한 합리적 대안이 무엇인지를 알 수가 없었으며, 최근에 도입된 능력기반평가에서도 신속하고 신뢰성있는 방법론을 제시하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구의 주목적은 소요를 기획하기 위한 분석평가 단계에서 고가의 시뮬레이션 도구를 이용한 정밀 시뮬레이션 대신 시간과 노력의 낭비를 최소화하여 효과적인 능력기반평가를 실시하기 위해 미군 능력기반평가(CBA)에서 강력히 권고하고 있는 Quick Look의 개념을 반영하고, 신뢰성 있는 분석결과를 얻기 위해 미군 및 한국군에서 운용하고 있는 전구급 워게임 모형인 JICM(Joint Integrated Contingency Model)의 무기점수를 활용하여 정량적인 능력평가를 실시할 수 있도록 실증적 방법론을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.492-499
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• 2016

Null pattern synthesis method using the Quantum-inspired Evolutionary Algorithm(QEA) is described in this study. A $12{\times}12$ planar array antenna is considered and each element of the array antenna is controlled by 6-bit phase shifter. The maximum number of iteration of 500 is used in simulation and the rotation angle for updating Q-bit individuals is determined to make the individual converge to the best solution and is summarized in a look-up table. In this study we showed that QEA can satisfactorily synthesize the null pattern using smaller number of individuals compared with the conventional Genetic Algorithm.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2004

For a proper operation of portable air defense IR terminal homing missile to the rapid intruding target, the boresight of an IR seeker of the missile should be accurately aligned with the gunner's aiming sight. Before a gunner fires the missile, he tries to keep the target within the circle of ASU ensuring the seeker to lock on the target correctly. In this paper, using an electrical seeker caging loop and IR detector signal characteristics, a precise aligning method between the seeker boresight and the LOS(Line of Sight) of ASU(Aiming Sight Unit) was studied. Although every seeker has slightly different SLA (Signal of Look Angle) output, we can get negligible alignment error through a fine tuning method of electrical caging signal. This alignment procedure was also adopted in K-PSAM system.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.615-622
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• 2012

Airborne radio communications, navigation, and identification equipments are the basic equipment of airplane. Airborne radio communications, navigation, and identification equipments are characterized by user's many quantitative and qualitative requirements. These equipment look like simple test and evaluation, but they have many complex factors. This paper describe the test and evaluation of airborne radio communications, navigation, and identification equipments.