• Animal cells and systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2010

Black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii, is a commercially important fish in Korea. As a preliminary investigation into the effect of hatchery rearing for stock enhancement, we examined genetic diversity between wild and farmed black sea bream populations from Jeju using six microsatellite markers. High levels of polymorphism were observed between the two populations. A total of 87 different alleles were found at the loci, with some alleles being unique. Allelic variability ranged from 8 to 22 in the wild population and from 7 to 17 in the farmed one. Average observed and expected heterozygosities were estimated at 0.87 and 0.88 in the wild sample. The corresponding estimates were 0.83 and 0.86 in the farmed sample. Although a considerable loss of rare alleles was observed in the farmed sample, no statistically significant reductions were found in heterozygosity or allelic diversity in the farmed sample, compared with the wild one. Significant genetic heterogeneity was found between the wild and farmed populations. These results suggest that more intensive breeding practices for stock enhancement may have resulted in a further decrease of genetic diversity. Thus, it is necessary to monitor genetic variation in bloodstock, progeny, and target populations and control inbreeding in a commercial breeding program for conservation. This information may be useful for fisheries management and the aquaculture industry.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.12-21
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• 2013

To clarify the taxonomic position for Astragalus nakaianus and provide correct scientific name for A. mongholicus cultivar in South Korea, we examined external morphological characters and sequence variations from ITS and five cp non-coding DNA regions. Genetic structure was also analyzed for 61 individuals from three populations using nine microsatellite loci. We found no significant difference between the South Korean cultivar and A. mongholicus var. dahuricus when morphology and ITS sequences were considered. Morphologically, A. nakaianus specimens varied somewhat from A. mongholicus var. mongholicus and var. dahuricus in habit, plant height, and lengths of leaf axis and leaflet. Although sequence data from ITS and cp noncoding DNA regions could not distinguished A. nakaianus from A. mongholicus, microsatellite analysis revealed strong structuring between the cultivar and A. nakaianus. Therefore, we conclude that the South Korean A. mongholicus cultivar should be treated as A. mongholicus var. dahuricus and that A. nakaianus should be merged into A. mongholicus as a variety, i.e., A. mongholicus var. nakaianus.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.492-497
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• 2014

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is crucial legume crop as source of high quality vegetable protein and oil, and Korea is regarded as a part of center of soybean origin. To expand the information of conserved genetic diversity, we analyzed the genetic variability of soybean collection mainly introduced Korean accessions using 75 microsatellite markers. A total of 1,503 alleles with an average value of 20.0 alleles were detected among 644 accessions. Korean collection revealed average allele number of 13.4 while Chinese, Japanese and Southeast Asian accessions showed 9.0, 5.4 and 6.5 mean alleles, respectively. Especially, Korean accessions showed more number of private allele per locus as 3.4 contrary to other geographical groups. The mean expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content was 0.654 and 0.616, respectively, and expected heterozygosity values were not significantly distinguished according to the geographical groups. The phylogenetic dendrogram and deduced population structure based on DNA profiles of 75 SSR loci showed Korean accessions formed distinct gene pool against Chinese accessions, and could be divided into five subpopulations. Korean soybean accessions have specific genetic diversity and might be serve the valuable alleles for bio-industry as a part of the center of soybean origin.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.98-105
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• 2008

Colorectal carcinoma from various cancers is fourth ranked occurred to Korean. Due to western dietary life, this cancer has been increased continuously. Therefore, the further study will be needed to find a candidate gene involved in the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma as well as to diagnose and treatment helpfully. The purpose of this study was designed to find a carcinogenesis gene using microsatellite marker on chromosomes 7th and 20th from 30 colon cancer patients. The amplification was investigated in order of D20S97 57% (17/30), D20S101 57% (17/30), D20S119 53% (16/30), D7S483 50% (15/30), D7S495 47% (14/30), D7S498 47% (14/30). The genetic mutation pattern depends on loci of colorectal carcinoma was shown highly amplified with 3.77 from colon cancer than with 2.08 from right colorectal carcinoma (P<0.018). The genetic mutation with lymph nodes was investigated higher with 4.13 at metastasized group than with 1.93 at non-metastasized group (P<0.001). There was no difference at comparison between histological classfication and serological CEA increase as well as on genetic mutated pattern depends on disease stage. It is suggested that the amplification on chromosomes 7q and 20q determines a pivotal role from first stage to metastasis cancer and also functions as an useful marker on diagnosis and treatment of colorectal carcinoma patients as well as follow-up checkup. Recently, the diagnosis and study using genetic analyzer are necessary for efficient application. Fortunately, several university hospitals run this genetic analyzer currently so it is expected that this method makes full use of clinical application.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.331-339
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• 2008

The genetic structure and diversity of 15 Chinese indigenous chicken breeds was investigated using 29 microsatellite markers. The total number of birds examined was 542, on average 36 birds per breed. A total of 277 alleles (mean number 9.55 alleles per locus, ranging from 2 to 25) was observed. All populations showed high levels of heterozygosity with the lowest estimate of 0.440 for the Gushi chickens, and the highest one of 0.644 observed for Wannan Three-yellow chickens. The global heterozygote deficit across all populations (FIT) amounted to 0.180 (p<0.001). About 16% of the total genetic variability originated from differences between breeds, with all loci contributing significantly to this differentiation. An unrooted consensus tree was constructed using the Neighbour-Joining method and pair-wise distances based on marker estimated kinships. Two main groups were found. The heavy-body type populations grouped together in one cluster while the light-body type populations formed the second cluster. The STRUCTURE software was used to assess genetic clustering of these chicken breeds. Similar to the phylogenetic analysis, the heavy-body type and light-body type populations separated first. Clustering analysis provided an accurate representation of the current genetic relations among the breeds. Remarkably similar breed rankings were obtained with all methods.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.129-134
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• 2015

Schistosoma haematobium is one of the most prevalent parasitic flatworms, infecting over 112 million people in Africa. However, little is known about the genetic diversity of natural S. haematobium populations from the human host because of the inaccessible location of adult worms in the host. We used 4 microsatellite loci to genotype individually pooled S. haematobium eggs directly from each patient sampled at 4 endemic locations in Africa. We found that the average allele number of individuals from Mali was significantly higher than that from Nigeria. In addition, no significant difference in allelic composition was detected among the populations within Nigeria; however, the allelic composition was significantly different between Mali and Nigeria populations. This study demonstrated a high level of genetic variability of S. haematobium in the populations from Mali and Nigeria, the 2 major African endemic countries, suggesting that geographical population differentiation may occur in the regions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1521-1528
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• 2012

Previously identified QTL regions on BTA1 and BTA5 were investigated to validate the QTL regions and to identify candidate genes for growth and carcass traits in commercial cattle populations from the USA and Korea. Initially, a total of 8 polymorphic microsatellite (MS) markers in the BTA1 and 5 QTL regions were used for Chi-square tests to compare the frequencies of individual alleles between high and low phenotypic groups for the US (Michigan Cattleman's Association/Michigan State University; MCA/MSU) cattle. For a subsequent study, 24 candidate genes containing missense mutations and located within the QTL regions based on bovine genome sequence data were analyzed for genotyping in the two commercial cattle populations. Re-sequencing analyses confirmed 18 public missense SNPs and identified 9 new SNPs. Seventeen of these SNPs were used for genotyping of the MCA/MSU cattle (n = 98) and Korean native cattle (n = 323). On BTA1, UPK1B, HRG, and MAGEF1 polymorphisms residing between BM1312 and BMS4048 were significantly associated with growth and carcass traits in one or both of the MCA/MSU and Korean populations. On BTA5, ABCD2, IL22 and SNRPF polymorphisms residing between BL4 and BR2936 were associated with marbling and backfat traits in one or both of the MCA/MSU and Korean cattle populations. These results suggested that BTA 1 and 5 QTL regions may be segregating in both Korean Hanwoo and USA commercial cattle populations and DNA markers tested in this study may contribute to the identification of positional candidate genes for marker-assisted selection programs.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.413-418
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• 2003

Genetic diversity and soybean sprout-related traits were evaluated in a total of 72 soybean accessions (60 Glycine max, 7 Glycine soja, and 5 Glycine gracilis). 100-seed weight (SW) was greatly varied and ranged from 3.2g to 32.3g in 72 soybean accessions. Positive correlation was observed between GR and hypocotyl length (HL), whereas negative correlation was observed between SW and hypocotyl diameter (HD). Re-evaluation by discarding two soybean genotypes characterized with low GR indicated that much higher correlation of sprout yield (SY) with HD and SW. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) for sprout-related traits, 57 accessions were classified. Soybean genotypes with better traits for sprout, such as small size of seeds and high SY, were characterized with high PCA 1 and PCA 2 values. The seed size in second is small but showed low GR and SY, whereas the third has large seed, high GR and more than 400% SY. In genetic similarity analysis using 60 SSR marker genotyping, 72 accessions were classified into three major and several minor groups. Nine of twelve accessions that were identified as the representatives of soybean for sprout based on PCA were in a group by the SSR marker analysis, indicating the SSR marker selection of parental genotypes for soybean sprout improvement program.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.191-198
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• 2022

Natural habitats of the Korean long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) have been fragmented by anthropogenic activities in South Korea in the last decades. Here, the individual identity, genetic variation, and population differentiation of the endangered species were examined via the multiple-tube approach using a non-invasive genotyping method. The average number of alleles was 3.16 alleles/locus for the total population. The Yanggu population (1.66) showed relatively lower average number of alleles than the Inje population (3.67). Of the total 19 alleles, only seven (36.8%) alleles were shared by the two populations. Using five polymorphic out of six loci, four and six different goral individuals from the captive Yanggu (n=24) and the wild Inje (n=28) population were identified, respectively. The allele distribution was not identical between the two populations (Fisher's exact test: P<0.01). A considerably low migration rate was detected between the two populations (no. of migrants after correction for size=0.294). Additionally, the F statistics results indicated significant population differentiation between them, however, quite low (F_ST=0.327, P<0.01). The posterior probabilities indicated that the two populations originated from a single panmictic population (P=0.959) and the assignment test results designated all individuals to both populations with nearly equal likelihood. These could be resulted from moderate population differentiation between the populations. No significant evidence supported recent population bottleneck in the total Korean goral population. This study could provide us with useful population genetic information for conservation and management of the endangered species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.4
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• pp.549-557
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• 2015

Novel cpSSR primers were developed based on the sequence information of the Pinus koraiensis chloroplast genome. A total of 30 cpSSR loci were detected in the chloroplast genome, and a total of 30 primer sets flanking those loci were designed. All primer sets were successfully amplified for chloroplast DNA in P. koraiensis. The cross-species transferability of the 30 primer sets was considerably high in P. pumila (100%) and P. paviflora (97%) belonging to the same Subgenus (Strobus) of P. koraiensis. Meanwhile, the transferability was relatively low (73%) in P. densiflora and P. sylvestris belonging to Subgenus Pinus. A total of 13 cpSSR loci out of the 30 loci were polymorphic in the Mt. Jumbong population of P. koraiensis. The mean of haploid diversity(H) was 0.512. The number of haplotypes(N) and the haplotype diversity($H_e$) were 25 and 0.992, respectively. Of the 25 haplotypes, 22 were unique in the analyzed population. The unique haplotypes differentiated 22 individuals (79%) from the total of 28 individuals. In conclusion, the novel cpSSR primers developed in this study would be applicable to other Pinus species, especially the subgenus Strobus, and provide a high level of polymorphism for the study of genetic variation of P. koraiensis.