• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 1991

To solve the large problems with limited core memory of computer, a disk management scheme called virtual memory database has been developed. Utilizing this technique along with memory moving scheme, an efficient in-and out-of-core column solver for the sparse symmetric matrix commonly arising in the finite element analysis is developed. Compared with other methods the algorithm is simple, therefore the coding and computational efficiencies are greatly enhanced. Analysis example shows that the proposed method efficiently solve the large structural problem on the small-memory micro-computer.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.303-315
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• 2010

In this paper, we present a new finite Timoshenko beam element with a model for ultimate load computation of reinforced concrete frames. The proposed model combines the descriptions of the diffuse plastic failure in the beam-column followed by the creation of plastic hinges due to the failure or collapse of the concrete and or the re-bars. A modified multi-scale analysis is performed in order to identify the parameters for stress-resultant-based macro model, which is used to described the behavior of the Timoshenko beam element. The micro-scale is described by using the multi-fiber elements with embedded strain discontinuities in mode 1, which would typically be triggered by bending failure mode. A special attention is paid to the influence of the axial force on the bending moment - rotation response, especially for the columns behavior computation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 1982

In this work, the quantitative estimation of fatty acids in sesame and perilla oil by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was investigated. The analysis of fatty acids were separated by HPLC using a differential refractometer as a detector. With micro Bondapak $C_{18}FFAA$ column and acetonitril, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran mixture as a solvent. In the fatty acid compositions, sesame oil was composed mainly of linoleic and oleic acids 49.6 % and 34.7%. In perilla oil, the amounts of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids were 13.6%, 14.5% and 63.8%, respectively.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.368-372
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• 2011

An advanced microcolumn is proposed which adopts a modified einzel lens structure. The newly designed einzel lens is composed of four electrodes. The two center electrodes are specially designed electrostatic quadrupole (EQ) einzel lenses having keyhole instead of circular apertures. We constructed the advanced microcolumn with the EQ-einzel lenses, and operated the newly designed microcolumn in single lens mode and double-lens mode. The preliminary results show that the EQ-einzel lens can improve the performance of the micro-column for large sample applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07b
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• pp.1203-1206
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• 2004

마이크로 컬럼은 차세대 리소그라피 기술의 하나로 마이크로 컬럼의 기능이 기존의 전자빔 컬럼을 능가하여 주목을 받는다. 초소형 전자빔 컬럼은 기존의 전자빔 컬럼과 비교하여 수차, 렌즈의 크기 및 원형에 성능이 보다 민감하게 반응하므로 정확한 정렬과 가공 기술은 초소형 전자빔 마이크로 컬럼의 성능에 매우 중요하다. 그러나, 기준치 piezoelectric transducer (PZT)나 scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)을 이용한 정렬 기술은 매우 복잡하고 어려운 단점이 있다. 본 연구에시는 레이저 회절 패턴방식과 레이저 정밀 가공으로 실리콘 렌즈와 파이렉스 spacer를 정확하게 교대로 조립하였으며, 이 방법으로 완성된 마이크로 컬럼의 STEM동작을 조사하였다.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.286-289
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• 1993

UV and high performance liquid chromatographic methods for the quantitative analysis of methyl 5-hydroxy-dinaphtho [1,2-2',3'] furan-7,12-dione-6-carboxylate(MHDDC) in urine and blood were developed. The correlation coefficients of the calibration curves of MHDDC in chloroform, methanol and dioxane solution were 0.999, 0.997 and 0.998, respectively. MHDDC was resolved within 15 min and had a detection limit of 2-5ng at S/N=3 by using a reversed-phase column with two solvents (MeOH, HAc).

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.309-318
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• 1993

A few technical methods including lysimeter, micro-ecosystem and soil column experiments which have been used for elucidation of the behaviour of pesticide residues in soil by means of the $^{14}C-radiotracer$ were introduced. They are essential for the investigation of soil-bound residues of pesticides, and hence the continued development and support in this field are urgently required.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 2003

A straightforward and effective method is presented for immobilizing enzymes on a microchip platform without chemically modifying a micro-channel or technically microfabricating a column reactor and fluid channel network. The proposed method consists of three steps: the reconstitution of a nitrocellulose (NC) membrane on a plane substrate without a channel network, enzyme immobilization on the NC membrane, and the assembly of another substrate with a fabricated channel network. As a result, enzymes can be stably and efficiently immobilized on a microchip. To evaluate the proposed method, two kinds of enzymatic reaction are applied: a sequential two-step reaction by one enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, and a coupled reaction by two enzymes, glucose oxidase and peroxidase, for a glucose assay.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.73-80
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• 2012

The objectives of this research were to study the applicability and limitations of permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for the removal of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) from the groundwater. PRB column tests were conducted using reactive material with Moringa Oleifera Mass - Bentonite (Mom-Bentonite). Most of the PCE in the groundwater was degraded and/or captured (sorpted) in the zone containing activated material (MOM-Bentonite). The removal rate of PCE from the groundwater was 90% and 75% after 30 days and 180 days, respectively. The effect of micro-organisms on the long-term permeability and reactivity of the barrier is not well understood. MOM-Bentonite PRB system in this research has the potential to be developed into an environmentally and economically acceptable technology for the in situ remediation of PCE-contaminated groundwater.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 1983

In order to obtain more specific antigenic preparation for the diagnosis of human paragonlmiasis, crude saline extract of whole worm (=PwWWE), secretory.excretory components (PwSEC) and secretion-excretion-free somatic extract (PwSM) of 12 week-old ParagoninBus westermani were filtrated through Sephadex G-200 gel column. The adult Paragonimus worms were obtained from expevimentally infected doge. A total of 11 antigenic solutions was Iyophilised or diluted to adjust protein content of 1mg/ml. To evaluate the antigenicity of crude antigens and fractions, micro-ELISA was done with the sera from P westermani in(ected cases, C. sinensis infected cases and non-infected control cases to detect Paragonimus specific IgG antibody. The results were as follows: 1. When the PwWWE was filtrated through Sephadex G-200 gel, it was separated into three fractions; PwWWE Fr. 1, PwWWE Fr. 2 and PwWWE Fr. 3. The percentage of protein content was 28.0%, 21.6% and 50.4% respectively. The PwSM was also. separated into three fractions; PwSM Fr. 1, PwSM Fr. 2, PwSM Fr. 3. and their percentage of protein content was 41.3%, 38.6% and 20.1%. However, the PwSEC showed different fractionation pattern; i.e. fraction 1 (=PwSEC Fr.1) and 3 (PwSEC Fr. 3) without fraction 2. The percentage of protein content was 14.0% in PwSEC Fr. 1 and 86.0% in PwSEC Fr. 3. 2. When the antigenicity of each Paragonimus crude antigen and fractionated antigen was evaluated for specific IgG aritibody by micro-ELISA in 10 human paragonimiasis sera, PwSEC Fr, 1 was the most potent antigen showing the mean absorbance 1.98. The PwWWE Fr. 1, PwSEC, PwWWE were next to that: their mean absorbance were 1.72, 1.38 and 0.83 respectively. The antigenicity of fractions 2 and 3 was much weaker in binding specific IgG antibody. 3. When the antigens were reacted in micro-ELISA with 10 human clonorchiasis sera, most antigens showed weak reactivity. Each fraction 1 of crude antigens reacted higher than other fractions or crude antigens; the mean absorbance was 0.17 in fraction 1, but in others the absorbances were about 0.06. 4. With non-infected control sera, the result of micro-RLISA revealed almost same pattern with those of the clonorchiasis sera. From the above results, it became apparent that PwWWE Fr. 1, especially PwSEC Fr. 1 was the most potent antigen reacted with Paragonisfaus specific IgG antibody.