• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1254-1268
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• 2009

정부고속철도 건설계획이 1998년 IMF로 인하여 서울 시흥구간 및 대구$\sim$부산간은 기존 경부선을 이용하여 우선 개통하고, 2단계로 대구$\sim$부산구간을 신설 개통하는 것으로 변경됨에 따라 서울도심 입출구부인 서울$\sim$시흥구간은 고속열차, 일반열차 및 화물열차의 운용운행으로 일반열차 운행횟수 축소로 인한 서비스 저하, 고속철도 서비스 추가 어려움 등으로 동 구간의 신설확장에 대한 지속적인 필요성이 제기 되어 왔으며, 호남고속철도 또한 수서 출발을 위한 강남권 고속철도 건설계획이 경제성 등의 이유로 오송에서 분기하는 것으로 변경됨에 따라 강남권 및 경기남부지역 주민들의 고속철도 서비스혜택의 기회가 박탈되는 결과률 초래하였다. 경부고속철도 개통이후 국가교통체계가 고속철도 중심으로 변화하고 있고, 경부고속철도 2단계 개통, 경전선 및 전라선 복선전칠 완공, 2014년 호남고속철도 개통시 고속열차 추가수요가 발생하나, 서울$\sim$시흥구간의 선로용량 부족으로 고속열차 광명역 출발, 일반열차 운행횟수 축소 등의 파행적인 열차운영이 불가피하므로 이와 같은 문제점을 근본적으로 해소하기 위한 강북구간 (광명$\sim$화전) 의 선로확장과 더불어 강남구간 (수서$\sim$평택)의 고속철도 신설을 추진하여야 한다. 이에 따라 본 고찰에서는 수도권 고속철도 선로확충을 위한 효율적인 열차운영방안, 시설계획 등 고려 하여야 할 사항에 대하여 검토하고자 한다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2003

$Ti_{1-x}$$^{57}$ F $e_{x}$ $O_2$(0.0$\leq$x$\leq$0.7) 분말을 졸-겔법으로 제조하여 $^{57}$ Fe의 치환량에 따른 결정학적 및 자기적 성질을 연구하였다. X-선 회절 및 중성자 회절실험을 통하며 모든 시료가 anatase 구조를 갖는 순수한 단일상임을 확인할 수 있었다. 진동시료자화율측정기 (VSM)를 통한 자기모멘트의 측정 결과, $^{57}$ Fe의 치환량이 증가함에 따라 상온에서의 Fe 원자 당 자기모멘트 값이 급격히 감소하는 매우 독특한 현상을 관측할 수 있었다. x$\leq$0.01 치환량을 갖는 시료들은 분명한 강자성 거동을 보였으며, x$\geq$0.03 치환량을 갖는 시료들에 대해서는 상자성 형태의 자화곡선이 관측되었다. 이에 대하여 14 K 부터 400 K까지 Mossbauer 분광실험을 한 결과 x$\leq$0.01 치환량을 갖는 시료의 경우 Ti $O_2$내의 $^{57}$ Fe가 상온에서 강자성(sextet)과 상자성(doublet) 형태로 동시에 존재함을 확인할 수 있었고, x$\geq$0.03 치환량을 갖는 시료들에 대해선 오직 상자성 상만을 나타내는 날카로운 doublet만이 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 Mossbauer와 VSM 두 결과가 잘 일치함을 보여주고 있고, 상온에서 강자성을 나타내기 위한 $^{57}$ Fe의 치환한계가 x=0.01과 0.03 사이에 있음을 말해 주고 있다. 또한, 상온에서 강자성 성질을 갖는 x$\leq$0.01 시료들로부터 얻은 자기 모멘트 값이 매우 작은 것은 치환된 $^{57}$ Fe의 강자성 상과 상자성 상이 동시에 기여하기 때문에 얻어진 결과로 해석될 수 있다.다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.53-73
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• 2002

It has been reported that degranulation of mast cells in rats, rabbits and dog was observed after dosing xylazine hydrochloride(Xh) which has been widely used as sedative, analgesic and muscular relaxant. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to examine the relations between Xh and histamine release and to identify the action of ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptors which exists on the suface of mast cells. 1. The content of histamine within serum was measured with HPLC by performing the O-phthalaldehyde(OPA) fluorescent derivation. The pretreatment method had a little modification from the conventional method. The pretreament was carried out in the following method. 0.2$m\ell$ of serum and 1$m\ell$ of butanol were added to mixed together and then the liquid was centrifugally separated at 4$^{\circ}C$ and 2,000 rpm for 3 minutes. 0.4$m\ell$ of 0.1N HCl and 1.6$m\ell$ of heptane were added to 0.8$m\ell$ of supernatant taken from the liquid, and they were mixed together. This mixture was also centrifugally separated at 4$^{\circ}C$ and 2,000 rpm for 5 minutes. The supernatant was thrown away and the OPA fluorescent derivation was carried out with 0.2$m\ell$ of the lower liquid then, 5 minutes after mixing 400${\mu}\ell$ of 0.1N HCl, 120${\mu}\ell$ of 1N NaOH and 40${\mu}\ell$ of 0.1% OPA in the 0.2$m\ell$ of the lower liquid,120${\mu}\ell$ of 3.57N H$_3$PO$_4$ was added to the mixed liquid, and the liquid, was mixed again and syringe-filtered. Then, the measurement was done with HPLC in the 30 : 70(ν/ν) ratio of 0.004M KH$_2$PO$_4$: CH$_3$CN, flow rate of 1.0$m\ell$/min., and a wavelength of λex= 350nm and λem=444nm at the column temperature of 27$^{\circ}C$, using the fluorescence detector. 2. The content of histamine in each laboratory animal appeared to be higher in such an order as rabbit, rat, guinea pig, dog, Korean indigenous goat, swine, Korean indigenous cattle, Holstein, and mouse, of which the individual mean values${\pm}$standard deviation were 2.0668 ${\pm}$ 0.6049. 0.4999 ${\pm}$ 0.2278, 0.4241 ${\pm}$ 0.1974, 0.1054 ${\pm}$ 0.0556, 0.1028 ${\pm}$ 0.0276, 0.0972 ${\pm}$ 0.0513, 0.0872 ${\pm}$ 0.0373, 0.0717 ${\pm}$ 0.0379, and 0.0706 ${\pm}$ 0.0366, respectively. 3. The content of histamine was measured at the moments of 15-, 30-, 60-, 120-minutes after inoamuscular injection of 20mg/100kg Xh into two to 4 years old Holstein weighing 600∼700kg. The result showed that there was a significant increase at the times of 30- and 90-minutes after injection(p<0.05). 4. Intramuscular injection of 3mg/10kg Xh was given to crossbred pug dogs weighing 2.5∼4.3kg. The content of histamine was measured at the times of 30-, 60-, 90- and 120-minutes after injection. The result revealed that there was a significant increase at the times of 60-and 90-minutes after injection(p<0.05). 5. Intramuscular injection of 10mg/$m\ell$∼25mg/$m\ell$ Xh in concentration of 0.1$m\ell$ was applied to Korean indigenous goat over 5 months old. Then, the content of histamine was measured at the times of 15-, 30-, 60- and 90-minutes after injection. A significant increase was shown at the times of 30- and 60-minutes after injection(p<0.05). 6. The content of histamine was measured at the moments of 30- and 60-minutes after intramuscular injection of 0.1-0.2$m\ell$ Xh (20mg/$m\ell$) into male rabbits weighting 2.5-4kg. A significant increase was found at the moment of 60 minutes after injection(p<0.001). 7. After administering Xh to the mast cell taken from the abdominal cavity of mouse, the content of histamine was measured. The result showed that the higher the concentration, the more significantly the content of histamine was increased(p<0.05). 8. Compound 48/80 was administered in concentration of 5$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ to the mast cell picked from the abdominal cavity of mouse. The result showed that there was a significant increase in the content of histamine in case of the concentration of 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$(p<0.05). It was found to be about 10,000 to 500,000 times stronger than the Xh. 9. After premedication of 1mg/kg of yohimbine hydrochloride as ${\alpha}$$_2$-adrenergic antagonist to rabbits, the Xh was administered to them. The result was that the value of histamine within serum was decreased significantly(p<0.001). 10. After premeditation of 1mg/kg of prazosin hydrochloride as ${\alpha}$$_1$-adrenergic antagonist to rabbits, the Xh was administered to them. It was found that the value of histamine within serum was decreased significantly(p<0.005). 11, Prazosin hydrochloride and yohimbine hydrochloride as ${\alpha}$$_1$-adrenergic antagonist, respectively, and ${\alpha}$$_2$-adrenergic antagonist were administerd. In this case, the value of histamine within serum was decreased significantly(p<0.0001). As the results, when the Xh is administered to various kinds of animals, the amount of histamine release within serum is increased. In view of the results so far achieved, it is concluded that Xh acted on both a$_1$-adrenoreceptor and ${\alpha}$$_2$-adrenoreceptor induces the degranulation of mast cell.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.58-74
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• 2002

This paper constitutes a descriptive investigation and used a structured questionnaire to investigate nurses' and doctors' recognition of cancer patients. The subjects were extracted from the medical personnel working at the internal medicine, the surgery ward, the obstetrics and gynecology department, the pediatrics department, the cancer ward, and the emergency room of five general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The research lasted from August, 2001 to September 2001. Total 137 nurses and 65 doctors were included and made out the questionnaires directly distributed by the investigator. The study tool was also developed by the investigator and consisted of such items as the demographic and social characteristics, the medical personnel's recognition degree of cancer and cancer patients, their recognition of the management of cancer patients, and their participation in a hospice. The results were analyzed using the SPSS Window program in terms of technological statistics, ranks, t-test, and ANOVA. The reliability was represented in Cronbach' α=.75. The nurses' and doctors' recognition degree of cancer and cancer patients had an overall average of 3.86 at the 5 point-scale. The items that received an average of 4.0 or more included 'Medical personnel should explain about the cancer cure plans to the cancer patient and his or her family', 'A patient whose case has been diagnosed as a terminal cancer should be notified of it, 'If I were a cancer patient, I would want to get informed of it,' and 'Cancer shall be conquered whenever it is'. In the meantime, the items that received an average of 3.0 or less was 'My relationship with the cancer patient's family has gotten worse since I announced his or her impending death.' And according to the general characteristics and the difference test, the recognition degree of cancer and cancer patient was high among the subgroups of nurses, females, married persons, who were in their 30s, who had a family member that was a cancer patient, and who received a hospice education. The biggest number of the nurses and doctors saw 'a gradual approach over several days'(68.8%) as a method to tell a cancer patient about his or her cancer diagnosis or impending death. Those who usually tell tragic news were the physician in charge(62.8%), the family members or relatives(32.1%) and the clergymen(3.8%) in the order. The greatest number of them recommended a cancer patient's home as the place where he or she should face death because they thought 'it would stabilize his or her mentality'(91.9%) while a number of them recommended the hospital because they 'should give the psychological satisfaction to the patient'(40%) or 'should try their best until the last moment of the patient's death'(30%). A majority of the medical personnel regarded 'smoking or drinking' and 'diet' as the causes of cancer. The biggest symptom of a cancer patient was 'pain' and the pain management of a cancer patient was mostly impeded by the 'excessive fear of drug addiction, tolerance to drugs and side effects of drugs' by medical personnel, the patient, and his or her family. The most frequently adopted treatment plan of a terminal cancer patient was 'to do whatever the patient or his or her family wants' to resort to a hospice' and 'to continue active treatment efforts' in the order. The biggest reasons why a terminal cancer patient went to see a doctor were 'pain alleviation' 'control of symptoms other than pain(intravenous supply)' and 'incapability of the patient's family' in the order. Terminal cancer patients placed their major concern in 'spiritual(religious) matter' 'emotional matters' their family' 'existence' and 'physical matters' in the order. 113(58.5%) of the whole medical personnel answered they 'would recommend' an alternative treatment to a terminal cancer patient mostly because they assumed it would 'stabilize the patient's mentality.' Meanwhile, 80(41.5%) of them chose 'not to recommend it mostly due to the unverified effects and high cost of it(78.7%). A majority of them, I. e. 190(94.1%) subjects said they 'would recommend' a hospice to a terminal cancer patient mostly because they thought it would help the patient to 'mentally prepare'(66.6%) Only 17.3% of them, however, had received a hospice education, most of which was done through the hospital duty education(41.4%) and volunteer training(34.5%). The follows are results of this study: 1. The nurses and the doctors turned out to be still passive and experience confusion in dealing with a cancer patient despite their great sense of responsibility for him or her. 2.Nurses and Doctors realize the need of a hospice, but an extremely small number of them participate in a hospice education or performance. Thus, a whole recognition of a hospice should be changed, for which purpose a hospice education for nurses and doctors should be provided. 3.Terminal cancer patients preferred their home to a hospital as the place to face their impending death because they felt it would bring 'mental stability.' And most of nurses and doctors think it would be unnecessary for them to be hospitalized just for control of their symptoms. Accordingly a terminal cancer patient can be cared at home, and a home hospice care needs to be activated.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.27-57
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• 2008

Many consumers enjoy the challenge of purchasing a brand that matches well with their own values and personalities (for example, Ko et al., 2008; Ko et al., 2006). Therefore, the personalities of consumers can impact on the final selection of a brand and its brand personality in two ways: first, the consumers may incline to purchase a brand or a product that reflects their own personalities; second, consumers tend to choose a company that has similar brand personalities to those brands that are being promoted. Therefore, the objectives of this study are following: 1. Is there any empirical relationship between a consumer's personality and the personality of a brand that he or she chooses? 2. Can a corporate brand be differentiated by the brand personality? In short, consumers are more likely to hold favorable attitudes towards those brands that match their own personality and will most probably purchase those brands matching well with their personality. For example, Matzler et al. (2006) found that extraversion and openness were positively related to hedonic product value; and that the personality traits directly (openness) and indirectly (extraversion, via hedonic value) influenced brand effects, which in turn droved attitudinal and purchase loyalty. Based on the above discussion, the following hypotheses are proposed: Hypothesis 1: the personality of a consumer is related to the brand personality of a product/corporate that he/she purchases. Kuksov (2007) and Wernerfelt (1990) argued that brands as a symbolic language allowed consumers to communicate their types to each other and postulated that consumers had a certain value of communicating their types to each other. Therefore, how brand meanings are established, and how a firm communicate with consumers about the meanings of the brand are interesting topics for research (for example, Escalas and Bettman, 2005; McCracken, 1989; Moon, 2007). Hence, the following hypothesis is proposed: Hypothesis 2: A corporate brand identity is differentiated by the brand personality. And there are significant differences among companies. A questionnaire was developed for collecting empirical measures of the Big-Five personality traits and brand personality variables. A survey was conducted to the online access panel members through the Internet during December 2007 in Korea. In total, 500 respondents completed the questionnaire, and considered as useable. Personality constructs were measured using the Five-factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) scale and a total of 30 items were actually utilized. Brand personality was measured using the five-dimension scale developed by Aaker (1997). A total of 17 items were actually utilized. The seven-point Likert-type scale was the format of responses, for example, from 1 indicating strongly disagreed to 7 for strongly agreed. The Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) was used for an empirical testing of the model, and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) was applied to estimate numerical values for the components in the model. To diagnose the presence of distribution problems in the data and to gauge their effects on the parameter estimates, bootstapping method was used. The results of the hypothesis-1 test empirically show that there exit certain causality relationship between a consumer's personality and the brand personality of the consumer's choice. Thus, the consumer's personality has an impact on consumer's final selection of a brand that has a brand personality matches well with their own personalities. In other words, the consumers are inclined to purchase a brand that reflects their own personalities and tend to choose a company that has similar brand personalities to those of the brand being promoted. The results of this study further suggest that certain dimensions of the brand personality cause consumers to have preference to certain (corporate) brands. For example, the conscientiousness, neuroticism, and extraversion of the consumer personality have positively related to a selection of "ruggedness" characteristics of the brand personality. Consumers who possess that personality dimension seek for matching with certain brand personality dimensions. Results of the hypothesis-2 test show that the average "ruggedness" attributes of the brand personality differ significantly among Korean automobile manufacturers. However, the result of ANOVA also indicates that there are no significant differences in the mean values among manufacturers for the "sophistication," "excitement," "competence" and "sincerity" attributes of the corporate brand personality. The tight link between what a firm is and its corporate brand means that there is far less room for marketing communications than there is with products and brands. Consequently, successful corporate brand strategies must position the organization within the boundaries of what is acceptable, while at the same time differentiating the organization from its competitors.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.131-143
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• 2001

The primary aim of this dissertation is to contribute to the improvement of methods in physical examination by providing quality information for the current school system and advice for improving status. Present status, controversial points and possible remedies in physical examination were analyzed on a frequency and percentage basis. An $x^2$-test was used to verify the statistics between the results from the examination and each variable. In case of multiple categories of variables, an $x^2$ cs was adopted. Chronological data as well as both total and sampling physical examination data verified the statistics using an $x^2$-test. This thesis is based both on the data from middle school health care specialists in Gyunggi Province and on the analysis of physical examinations reported from local schools to the municipal education agency from 1997 to 1999. The results of the study are as follows: First, according to the survey, only 29.0% of the total schools had their school doctors examine all the students while most of the educational institutions failed to implement the whole process of physical examination on the list. It also turned out that the more students the schools have, the lower the rate of implementation of physical examination by school doctors(p=0.014). Second, the average time a school doctor spends for checkup turned out to be approximately 1.7 minutes per student This means that the quality of the physical examination is not guaranteed in the process. Third, 47.7% of those surveryed say that a dental examination was performed, each taking 21.24 seconds on average. In addition, it shows that some 31.5% wanted to have a task force team for dental checkups at the local health center. Given the fact that dental caries among students is progressively on the rise, the dental health centers that are now set up in some elementary schools should be expanded to cover the whole educational institution in order to raise awareness of the importance of dental care. Fourth, 48.5% of those surveyed say that a comprehensive physical examination should be adopted to promote the health of high schoolers. Since it takes a lot of public funds to implement a comprehensive method, it is essential to make sure that in-depth studies should be based on the frequency and methods of physical examination. Fifth, regarding such diseases among 3rd year middle school students in 1999, statistics shows that there was a slight difference in the prevalence rate of color blindness, and allergic diseases for male students ; and color blindness, hearing disturbance and allergic disease for female students. For those items, however, it is too little to say that there is a significant difference and accordingly it is assumed to be a problem of the measuring process. Sixth, the result of analysis on the sample physical examination and the total physical examination of the year 1999 shows as follows: For male students in the 3rd year of middle school, a slight difference appeared to those students in 11 items including eye problems and eye disease, otitis media, tonsillar hypertrophy, spinal shape, respiratory urinary allergic disease and other abnormal diseases(p<0.05). Particularly, the prevalence rate between students with and without disease was shown to be two times more in the following: eye problems, otitis media, tonsill hypertrophy, allergic diseases, etc. For female students in the 3rd year, prevalence rate showed little difference in 14 items(p<0.05). For items including eye problem, otitis media, tonsill hypertrophy, allergic disease, etc. it was shown that the rate was two times more between students with and without diseases. Physical examinations under the current school system are not producing any fundamental results for the health of the students. Methods and results are not trustworthy. Accordingly, a drastic overhaul of the current practices is needed in frequency, methods and items on the list in order to promote the health of the students. Cost-benefit studies as well as political considerations to ensure the development of efficient methods for physical examination are urgently needed at this moment.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.447-459
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 위성 기반 재분석 강수 자료인 PERSIANN-CCS-CDR (Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks-Cloud Classification System-Climate Data Record)을 이용하여 한반도에 대한 격자형 확률강수량을 산정하였다. 고려된 기간은 1983년부터 2020년까지 총 38개년이다. 사용된 자료의 공간해상도는 0.04°이며, 시간해상도는 3시간이다. 확률분포로는 빈도해석을 위해 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 Gumbel 분포를 사용하였으며, 매개변수 추정을 위해 확률가중모멘트법을 적용하였다. 지속기간은 3시간부터 144시간 까지, 재현기간은 2년부터 500년까지가 고려되었다. 이러한 방식으로 산정된 결과를 지상우량계인 ASOS (Automated Synoptic Observing System) 기상관측소의 강수 자료를 활용하여 산정된 확률강수량과 비교·검토하였다. 그 결과, PERSIANN-CCS-CDR 자료로부터 산정된 Gumbel 분포의 매개변수들은 지속기간이 증가함에 따라 ASOS의 결과들과 유사한 양상을 보였으며 이를 토대로 얻어진 확률강수량은 지속기간이 짧은 경우 다소 큰 차이를 보였으나, 지속기간이 18 h 이상인 경우 그 차이는 약 20% 이내로 감소함을 확인하였다. 추가적으로, 남북한 차이를 살펴보았으며 Gumbel 분포 매개변수들 중 위치 매개변수의 차이가 두드러지게 나타남을 확인하였다. 지속기간의 증가에 따른 북한의 확률강수량이 상대적으로 작게 나타났으며, 지속기간 3 h 기준 남한의 84%, 지속기간 144 h 기준 70~75% 수준인 것으로 확인되었다.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제28호
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• pp.103-130
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• 2011

본 연구는 글로벌 비즈니스 환경에서의 한국기업의 수익성과 기업안정성 제고를 위한 기업보안과 비즈니스의 전략적 협력에 관한 연구이다. 현대기업환경은 하루가 다르게 과학기술이 복잡해지고 국경에 상관없이 새로운 경쟁자들이 등장하면서 아무리 거대한 기업이라도 혁신적인 사고로 무장한 새로운 기업에게 하루 아침에 시장을 내주어야 하는 상황이 빈발하고 있다. 이러한 새로운 환경에서 살아남기 위해서는 새로운 관점의 기업경영관리기법에 대한 패러다임의 변화이다. 한국기업이 과거를 답습하는 낮은 수준의 보안리스크관리방법으로는 기업수익에 도움이 되는 보안관리가 되지 못한다. 21세기 70억에 육박하는 인구가 살고 있는 지구촌은 급격한 생태계변화에 직면해있다. 급격한 기후환경의 변화는 순식간에 수십만 명의 이재민을 발생시키고, 신종전염병으로 수백만 마리의 가축을 생매장시키는 광경을 우리는 매순간 목격하고 있다. 이러한 변화는 지구촌에 살고 있는 인간의 삶의 근본적인 방식의 변화를 추동하고 있다. 우리의 경제적인 삶의 근간인 기업생태계도 여기에 예외가 될 수는 없다. 21세기 기업환경에서 생존하기 위해서는 경영진 수준의 보안리스크관리가 필요하며, 보안리스크관리를 통한 기업경쟁력을 제고를 위해서는 기업의 보고라인을 새롭게 정립하여야 할 것이다. 기업도 변화하는 환경에 민감하지 않으면, 하루아침에 시간의 뒤안길로 사라질 수 있음을 명심하여야 한다. 현대기업의 새로운 리스크 중에 특히 한국기업들이 안이하게 대처하는 분야가 보안리스크이다. 과거와 다르게 훨씬 대규모이고 전파 속도가 빠른 보안리스크는 경영진이 다루어야 하는 주요한 기업리스크 중에 하나이다. 현대기업에 핵심적인 영향력을 미치는 보안리스크에는 기업 브랜드와 평판의 보호, 생산과 운영의 연속성, 고객신뢰의 유지가 우선한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 보안리스크를 효과적으로 다루기 위한 기업보안과 비즈니스의 전략적 협력에 관하여 제시하였다.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2004

80, 90년대의 영화에서만 보아오던 가상현실이 과학 및 컴퓨터 기술의 비약적인 발전을 바탕으로 우리에게 가까이 다가오고 있다. 다양한 가상현실 시스템 (VRML, HMD, FishTank, Wall Type, CAVE Type)의 개발과 함께 그 시스템의 발전으로 더욱 현실감 있는 가상현실 구현이 가능해지고 있다. 몰입감이 높은 가상 현실은 이로써 사람들이 일상적으로 경험하기 어려운 환경을 직접 체험하지 않고서도 그 환경에 들어와 있는 것처럼 보여주고 조작할 수 있게 해주는 것이다. 가상현실의 응용분야로는 교육, 고급 프로그래밍, 원격조작, 원격위성 표면탐사, 탐사자료 분석, 과학적 가시화(scientific visualization)등을 들 수 있다. 구체적인 예로서, 탱크 및 항공기의 조종법 훈련, 가구의 배치 설계, 수술 실습, 게임 등 다양하다. 이런 가상현실 시스템에서는 인간 참여자의 실제조작과 가상 작업공간이 하드웨어로 상호 연결된다. 이렇게 상호 연결된 하드웨어로 인간의 오감을 적절하게 자극하여 몰입감을 더하여 준다. 아직 많은 부분이 모자라지만 많은 연구와 노력으로 빠른 시간 안에 거의 인간이 느낄 수 있는 느낌을 가상현실에서도 현실과 같이 느낄 수 있을 것이다. 이 논문에서는 가상현실시스템의 기본적인 정의와 개념 그리고 종류를 알아보고 그 중에서 몰입감이 뛰어난 CAVE형의 가상현실시스템에 대하여 개념분석을 하였고 다음으로 2003년 KISTI(한국과학기술정보연구원)에서 만들어진 경복궁(문화 원형 Content)을 가상현실시스템에서 복원 과정을 Design process를 거쳐 제작되는 과정을 통해 가상현실시스템에서의 VR프로그래밍 방법과 모델링 방법을 제시하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 몰입형 가상현실 시스템의 활용성에 대해 알아보았고 지금 시점에서 이러한 CAVE형 가상현실 시스템의 활용방안에 대하여 연구해 보았다. 끝으로 가상현실시스템을 활용한 문화재 복원 과정에서 나타난 문제점에 대하여 서술 하고 가상 현실 시스템의 활용 방안을 제시한다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.60-77
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• 2021

2007년부터 2011년에 걸쳐 충남 태안에서는 태안선과 마도 1호, 마도 2호, 마도 3호 등 4척의 고려시대 선박이 발견되었고 동시기 목간 175건이 함께 출수되었다. 태안의 목간은 고려시대 목간의 유일한 발견 사례이며, 서사 재료로서 종이가 목간을 대체한 시점에서 화물표[하찰목간]라는 특수한 용도로만 쓰이던 목간의 사용 실태를 보여준다. 태안 목간에는 운송과 관련한 연대, 수취인, 발송지, 화물 종류, 수량 및 단위, 발송 또는 선적 책임자 등의 정보가 적혀 있어 화물의 성격을 짐작할 수 있으며, 목간 내용의 기재 방식, 형태, 재료와 제작 방법 등의 고찰을 통해 고려 사람들이 선호했던 목간의 형태와 특징 등을 확인할 수 있다. 태안의 목간은 기재 양식상 정해진 틀이 없이 자율적으로 기록되었다. 또한 화물에 부착하기 위한 가장 효과적인 형태인 상단에 홈이 있는 목간이 가장 많이 사용되었으며, 제작 과정에서 작업의 효율성 제고, 제작 공정의 간소화를 우선시하였다. 태안의 목간은 같은 시기, 동일한 용도의 신안선 및 중국 복건성(福建省) 천주만(泉州灣) 해선(海船)의 목간과 비교해볼 수 있다. 기재 내용과 양식 면에서 중국의 목간은 화주(貨主)를 중심으로 표기하고, 태안의 목간은 수취인과 함께 다른 정보도 비교적 자세히 기재하였다. 형태 면에서 중국의 목간은 두께 1cm 이하이고 하단부를 뾰족하게 다듬었으나, 태안의 목간은 두께와 하단부 모양이 일정하지 않다는 점이 다르다. 또한 제작 방법과 재료 선택에서도 중국과 한국의 목간은 차이가 있다. 이는 국내 화물 운송용이었던 고려 선박과 국제 무역을 목적으로 하는 중국 선박의 운항 거리, 화물의 성격, 운송 관리 체계, 화물 포장 방식, 운송 주체와 관계가 있는 것으로 파악된다. 중국과의 비교는 대상 연구 자료의 부족으로 인해 단편적이라는 한계가 있으나 향후 고려 목간 연구의 지평을 넓히는 기초 자료가 되기를 기대한다.