• Title/Summary/Keyword: method of difference in difference

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The Differential Quantized Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Based on Sine-Linear Phase Difference (사인-선형 위상차 방식의 차동 양자화된 직접 디지털 주파수 합성기)

  • Kim, Chong-il;Lee, Hyun-seung;Hong, Chan-ki
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.41 no.10
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    • pp.1179-1182
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    • 2016
  • In this paper, a new method to reduce the size of ROM in the direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) is proposed. This method use the sine-linear phase difference method and differential PCM. The new ROM compression method can reduce the ROM size by using the two ROM. The quantized value of sine-linear phase difference is saved by the ROM1 of the $2^N$ sample period. The ROM2 save the difference between the original sine-linear phase difference value and the saved sample value of the ROM1. The ROM compression ratio of 37% is achieved by this method. Also, the power consumption is decreased according to the ROM size reduction.

Dispersion characteristics of the finite-difference frequency-domain(FDFD) method with the multi-resolution technique (다해상도법을 적용한 유한차분 주파수영역법의 분산특성)

  • 홍익표;최도형;박한규
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.21 no.10
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    • pp.2724-2730
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    • 1996
  • In this paper, the dispersive characteristics of the Finite-Difference Frqequency-Domain method based on the Multi-Resolution Technique(MR-FDFD) are numerically analyzed. A dispersion analysis of the MR-FDFD ority of the MR-FDFD method to the spatial discretization is shown. We expect that the multi-resoluation technique will improve the disavantage of the finite difference techqnique which needs the large comutational memory for accurate electromagnetic analysis.

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Position Measuring System Design using Time Difference of Arrival (송신 신호의 도달 시간차(TDOA)를 이용한 위치 측정 시스템의 구현)

  • Kim, Dong-Uk
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2001.11c
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    • pp.394-397
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    • 2001
  • There are several methods of measuring position. For example GPS, AOA, TDOA and using radio camera. In this Paper I used TDOA method in position measuring system. TDOA method uses arrival time difference. In position measuring system, three transfers which is placed in different position transfer signal to receiver in fixed time interval and receiver records arrival time of signal. Because receiver knows idle signal's arrival time, receiver can calculate the difference of the signal's arrival time between idle and real. When we obtain time difference we can know the receiver position by Newton Raphson method.

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Basic Study for Ambiguity Resolution using Epoch-By-Epoch Algorithm (Epoch-By-Epoch 방법에 의한 미지정수 해결을 위한 기초연구)

  • 박정현;강준묵
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.95-98
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    • 2004
  • GPS double difference, carrier phase measurements are ambiguous by an unknown inter number of cycle. High precision, relative GPS positioning can be obtained from a short time span of data if the integer double difference ambiguities can be determined efficiently. In this study, we used a ambiguities resolution method indicated by Clyde Goad. And I compared with ambiguities using Lambda method. The difference of ambiguities between two method is below ${\pm}$1.

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The Comparison Between Blind and Normal Children in Standing Position (시각장애 아동과 정상 아동의 선자세 균형 비교)

  • Kim Chung-sun;Lee Jeong-soon
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.119-154
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, the proprioceptive sensitivity was compared by Foot-Hand task method and the effect of the proprioceptive sensitivity and auditory to the standing position between blind and normal children was measured using BPM for 56 children in 7, 8, 9 and 10 years old. There are three measurement methods are used for BPM : Rest, Forward Looking, 'Sound' position. The following conclusions were obtained from the above measurements. 1. In comparison of proprioceptive sensitivity between blind and normal children, there is no significant difference(p > .05). There is no significant difference in comparison of each age group and also there is no difference in each gender group(p > .05). 2. In comparison of standing position measurement between blind and normal children, there is any difference (p > .05) in three measurement(Rest, Forward Looking, 'Sound' position) but there is no significant difference in each gender difference(p > .05). There is any difference between Rest and 'Sound' position of blind children, also there is any difference between Forward Looking and ' Sound ' position, rest and 'Sound' position of normal children(p > .05). 3. There is no significant difference of correlation between proprioceptive sensitivity test and standing position measurement in Pearson correlation coefficient(p > .05).

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A New Method for Synthesis of Line Source Array Antennas with Difference Patterns (차패턴을 갖는 선전원 배열 안테나 합성을 위한 새로운 방법)

  • Song, Chang-Hyun;Jun, Sang-Jae;Park, Eui-Joon
    • Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.357-360
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    • 2005
  • In the synthesis of the continuously distributed line source antennas with arbitrary patterns, the formulas of Taylor sum pattern and Bayliss difference pattern have been mainly used. In this paper, an optimization scheme is newly presented to directly synthesize the desired difference patterns from Taylor line source formula, and then the distributions are numerically adapted to the specified difference patterns by using an appropriate iterative sampling method.

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Test pattern Generation for the Functional Test of Logic Networks (논리회로 기능검사를 위한 입력신호 산출)

  • 조연완;홍원모
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1976
  • In this paper, a method of test pattern generation for the functional failure in both combinational and sequentlal logic networks by using exterded Boole an difference is proposed. The proposed technique provides a systematic approach for the test pattern generation procedure by computing Boolean difference of the Boolean function that represents the Logic network for which the test patterns are to be generated. The computer experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for both combinational and asynchronous sequential logic networks. Suitable models of clocked flip flops may make it possible for one to extend this method to synchronous sequential logic networks.

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HIGH-ORDER WEIGHTED DIFFERENCE SCHEMESTHE CONVECTION-DIFFUSION PROBLEMS

  • Choo, S.M.;Chung, S.K.;Kim, Y.H.
    • Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.815-832
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    • 1999
  • High-order weighted difference schemes with uniform meshes are considered for the convection-diffusion problem depending on Reynolds numbers. For small Reynolds numbers, a weighed cen-tral difference scheme is suggested since there is no boundary layer. For large Reynolds numbers, we propose a modified up wind method with an artificial diffusion in order to overcome nonphysical oscilla-tion of central schemes and obtain good accuracy in the boundary later. Existence and corresponding error estimates of the solution for the difference scheme have been shown. Numerical experiments are provided to back up the analysis.

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HIGH ORDER IMPLICIT METHOD FOR ODES STIFF SYSTEMS

  • Vasilyeva, Tatiana;Vasilev, Eugeny
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.165-180
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    • 2001
  • This paper presents a new difference scheme for numerical solution of stiff system of ODE’s. The present study is mainly motivated to develop an absolutely stable numerical method with a high order of approximation. In this work a double implicit A-stable difference scheme with the sixth order of approximation is suggested. Another purpose of this study is to introduce automatic choice of the integration step size of the difference scheme which is derived from the proposed scheme and the one step scheme of the fourth order of approximation. The algorithm was tested by means of solving the Kreiss problem and a chemical kinetics problem. The behavior of the gas explosive mixture (H₂+ O₂) in a closed space with a mobile piston is considered in test problem 2. It is our conclusion that a hydrogen-operated engine will permit to decrease the emitted levels of hazardous atmospheric pollutants.

An LSP Extraction Method Based on the Spectral Difference (스펙트럼차에 기초한 LSP 추출방법)

  • 김홍국
    • Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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    • 1993.06a
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    • pp.253-258
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    • 1993
  • In this paper, we propose a new method to extract the line spectrum pair (LSP) frequencies. When speech signal is analyzed by the autocorrelation method, the spectral difference in the logarithmic spectra of the model at steps p and p-1 oscillates. There are p-1 frequency points where the values of the spectral dfference take on either maximum or minimum between 0 and half sampling frequency. We show that these frequencies are excatly the LSP frequencies of order p-1, which can be found by searching the frequencies where the spectral difference reaches either maxima or minima. also, the LSP frequencies of order p can be obtained from this spectral difference. In this case, we derive the expression governing the pth order LSP frequencies. The efficient search for finding the LSP frequencies of order p can be done by proving the property that the LSP frequencies of order p and p-1 are interlaced with each other.

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