• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2000

The effects of black soybena extracts on enzymes activies of rat were evaluated in present study. Eighty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 100$\pm$10g were divided into twelve groups which consisted of black soybean extract, Pb and Cd solution, and black soybean extract plus Pb or Cd soln groups. The weight gain was increased in black soybean extracts and Pb soln solution group but decreased in Cd soln solution group. The results obtained form the experiment were as follows: Glutamate pyruvate trasaminase (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) activities were not significantly different among experimental groups. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities of black soybean extract administered groups were decreased than those of Pb and Cd solution group. Black soybean group increased cholinesterase (ChEase) activity as compared to administration of Pb and Cd soln group.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1597-1605
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• 2014

Methane is considered as a next-generation carbon feedstock owing to the vast reserves of natural and shale gas. Methane can be converted to methanol by various methods, which in turn can be used as a starting chemical for the production of value-added chemicals using existing chemical conversion processes. Methane monooxygenase is the key enzyme that catalyzes the addition of oxygen to methane. Methanotrophic bacteria can transform methane to methanol by inhibiting methanol dehydrogenase. In this paper, we review the recent progress made on the biocatalytic conversion of methane to methanol as a key step for methane-based refinery systems and discuss future prospects for this technology.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.375-381
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• 1999

To evaluate the protective effects of extracts of silkworm on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase activities, malondialdehydes values and glutathione-S-transferase activity were measured in ICR mice. Extracts of silkworm was administered orally at 30min after the administration of CCl4 Mice were sacrificed at 24h after the administration of extracts of silkworm. The activities of serum aminotransferase and the hepatic content of lipid peroxide after carbon tetrachloride treatment were markedly increased than normal control but those levels were decreased by the treatment of butanol soluble fraction of silkworm methanol extract. Glutathione S-transferase activity was decreased by carbontetrachloride than control, but also inhibited by the treatment of butanol soluble fraction of silkworm methanol extract.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.211-214
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• 2007

A solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry utilizing $^{13}C$-formate as an internal standard for the determination of formate was proved to be applicable as a reliable quantitative method in several plants. We were the first to discover that trees contain larger pool sizes of formate than herbs. Our data also showed that the formate level of the leaves increased after the methanol-spraying, suggesting that methanol oxidation could convert formaldehyde into formate. In addition, drought and chilling led to the increase of endogenous formate in Arabidospsis thaliana. These results confirmed that formate is a universal stress signal in plants.

• 한국수처리학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2018

This study analyzed the utility of ammonium chloride ($NH_4Cl$) as a nitrogen source for methanotroph communities. When cultured in nitrate mineral salt (NMS) medium, the methanotroph community we identified four families, seven genera, and 16 type I and type II species of methanotrophs. Among species in the Methylobacter genus, Methylobacter marinus could be actively cultured in NMS medium without NaCl addition. Following the addition of 25 mM $NH_4Cl$, the numbers of the type I genera Methylomonas, Methylococcus, and Methylobacter were increased, whereas the numbers of the type II genera Methylocystis and Methylosinus were decreased after 5 days. In methanotroph communities, certain concentrations of $NH_4Cl$ affected methane consumption and growth of methanotrophs at the community level. $NH_4Cl$ caused a considerable decrease in the methane consumption rate and the expression of soluble methane monooxygenases (sMMOs) but did not inhibit the growth of Methylomonas methanica expressing sMMO. These results could be attributed to competitive antagonism of MMOs due to their direct involvement in ammonia oxidation.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2017

A methane-oxidizing bacterium was isolated from rice paddy field soil around Jeollanam-do province, Korea, and characterized. The isolate was gram-negative, orange pigmented and short rod ($1.1-1.2{\times}1.6-1.9{\mu}m$). It was catalase and urease-negative but oxidase-positive. The strain utilized methane and methanol as sole carbon and energy sources. It had an ability to grow with an optimum pH 7.0 and an optimum growth temperature $30^{\circ}C$. The strain was resistant to antibiotic polymyxin B but sensitive to streptomycin, kanamycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and rifampicin. The isolate required copper for their growth with concentration range of $2-25{\mu}M$, with an optimum of $10{\mu}M$. Under optimal culture condition, specific cell growth rate and generation time were found to be $0.046hr^{-1}$ and 15.13 hr, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the strain formed a tight phylogenetic lineage with Methylomonas koyamae with a value of 99.4% gene sequence homology. So, we named the isolate as Methylomonas sp. SM4. 8.6 mM methanol was accumulated in the reaction mixture containing 70 mM sodium formate and 40 mM $MgCl_2$ (MDH inhibitor) under atmosphere of methane:air (40:60) mixture for 24 hr at $30^{\circ}C$.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical features of methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning. Methods: This single-center retrospective observational study included patients with toxic alcohol poisoning who visited a regional emergency medical center. Patients with methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning from January 2004 to June 2023 were selected for the study using diagnostic codes. Results: Twenty-two patients with toxic alcohol poisoning visited during the study period, with 11 patients for each category. Compared to methanol poisoning, ethylene glycol poisoning patients were more likely to have consumed alcohol for suicidal purposes (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=8 [72.73%]) and were more likely to be drowsy (n=0 vs. n=6 [54.55%], p=0.016). The anion gap (25.43±8.35 mmol/L vs. 13.22±6.23 mmol/L, p=0.001) and lactic acid levels (1.785 [1.3-2.785] mmol/L vs. 9.90 [4.20-11.81] mmol/L, p=0.007) were higher in ethylene glycol poisoning patients than in methanol poisoning patients. Among alcohol dehydrogenase blockers, oral ethanol was administered to 10 patients (45.45%) (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=6 [54.55%]), and intravenous ethanol was administered to six patients (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=2 [18.18%]). Fomepizole was administered to two patients (9.09%) each, and renal replacement therapy was non-significantly more common in patients with ethylene glycol poisoning (n=8 [72.73%] vs. n=3 [27.27%], p=0.128). Three patients had delays in diagnosis and treatment, and while there were no fatalities, one patient was left with permanent vision damage. Conclusion: Because these are uncommon types of poisoning and the clinical presentation is difficult to recognize early, healthcare providers should be familiar with toxic alcohol types and screen for them to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2012

Purpose: Toxic alcohols are responsible for accidental and suicide motivated poisonings, resulting in death or permanent sequelae for the afflicted patients. Major therapeutic modalities in these cases include treatment with alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors and extracorporeal elimination. There have been a number of case reports of toxic alcohol intoxication in Korea. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical characteristics of patients suffering toxic alcohol intoxication. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who presented with toxic alcohol intoxication at 8 emergency departments (ED) from Jun 2005 to Nov 2011. Patients who ingested methanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and other alcohols except ethanol, were included in this study. The clinical characteristics of these patients were analyzed to include anion and osmolar gap, and estimated concentration of alcohol in the body. Results: During the study period, 21 patients were identified who had ingested toxic alcohol (methanol; 12 patients, ethylene glycol; 9 patients). At ED arrival, the mean anion gap was $18.7{\pm}6.9$ and the osmolar gap was elevated in 13 patients. Oral and IV ethanol were administrated to 11 patients in order to inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase. Extracorporeal elimination procedures such as hemodialysis were performed in 9 patients. There were no fatalities, but the one patient suffered permanent blindness. Conclusion: This study found that ethylene glycol and methanol were the substances ingested which produced toxic alcohol intoxication. The patients presented with high anion gap metabolic acidosis and were typically treated with oral ethanol and hemodialysis.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1420-1427
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• 2012

참모자반 분획물은 극성에 따라 핵산, 메탄올, 부탄올 및 수층 순으로 분획하여 4개의 분획층을 얻었으며, 각 분획층의 생리활성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 항산화 활성은 DPPH radical 소거능과 SOD 활성을 측정한 결과 모두 농도 의존적으로 증가하였으며 특히 메탄올 분획 층에서 가장 높은 항산화 효과를 보였다. 아질산염 소거능 실험에서는 부탄올 층이 pH 1.2에서 57.8%로 4개의 분획물중 가장 높은 아질산염 소거능을 나타냈다. 숙취 해소능을 측정하기 위하여 ADH 활성과 ALDH 활성을 측정하였다. 대조구로 사용한 흡광도 값을 100으로 하였을 때 positive control로 사용한 hepos가 150~167%의 활성을 나타내었으며 4가지 분획층 모두 농도 의존적으로 활성이 증가하였다. 특히 ALDH에서는 메탄올 분획층이 10 mg/ml 농도에서 167.4%의 활성을 나타내어 hepos와 비슷한 효과를 보였다. 참모자반 분획물의 혈당강하 효과는 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성억제 효과로 측정하였다. ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성억제 효과는 핵산 분획층에서 2 mg/ml의 농도에서 94.1%로 아주 높은 항당뇨 효과를 나타내었다. 그런데 부탄올층, 메탄올층 및 수층은 혈당강하효과가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 피부주름예방을 측정하기 위하여 수행한 elastase 저해효과 실험에서 메탄올 분획층에서 농도 의존적으로 높은 주름개선효과가 나타났으며 2 mg/ml 농도에서 93.2%의 효과를 나타냈으며, positive control로 사용한 Vit. C (1 mg/ml) 보다 더 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 모자반 메탄올 추출물 중 특히 메탄올 분획층이 탁월한 주름개선 효과, 숙취 해소능과 항산화 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되며, 핵산층은 혈당강하 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 모자반 유기용매 분획물은 천연 기능성소재로서의 사용 가능성이 매우 높을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2004

Objective : Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. Etiological studies of diabetes and its complications showed that oxidative stress might playa major role. Therefore, many efforts have been made to regulate oxygen free radicals for treating diabetes and its complications. Because Jindangwon has been known to be effective in treatment of diabetes, the methanol extract of Jindangwon was tested for its effectiveness in reducing the oxidative stress induced by Streptozotocin. Methods : Jindangwon was washed, dried in the shade and crushed. The crushed Jindangwon was extracted 3 times, each time with 3 volumes of methyl alcohol at $60^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. The extract was filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator to yield 30.6 g. Jindangwon extract was oral-administered to the diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin 50 mg per 1 kg of body weight for 15 days. The efficacy of the Jindangwon extract was examined with regard to the enzymatic pathways involved in the oxygen free radical production and the glutathione balance. Results : he effects of the methanol extract of Jindangwon in streptozotocin-induced diabetics rats with regard to body weight, blood glucose level, hepatic lipid peroxide level, hepatic xanthine oxidase activity and type conversion rate, hepatic glutathione level, hepatic glutathione peroxidase activity, hepatic glutathione reductase activity, hepatic aldose reductase activity, and hepatic sorbitol dehydrogenase activity were favorable enough to suggest that it is a cure for diabetes and its complications. Conclusions :These results support Jindangwon as an effective reducing agent for oxidative stress in the tissues and organs by regulating the production of oxygen free radicals. Jindangwon, in particular, shows promising results for its use as a cure, or preventative medicine for diabetes and its complications by reducing oxidative stress in beta-cells of the pancreas.