• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.908-920
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• 1999

We investigated the cytogenetic characteristics of Korean native goat(Capra hircus). Chromosome slides were prepared from peripheral blood cell cultures. GTG, GBG, RBG and CBG-banding techniques were employed on those slides. The high resolution karyotype of Korean native goat could be made with the incorporation of BrdU. Korean native goat has 60 chromosomes composed of 58 autosomes and XY or XX sex chromosomes. All of autosomes of Korean native goat were acrocentric chromosomes. X chromosome was submetacentric and Y chromosome was metacentric. The GTG, GBG and RBG-band patterns of Korean native goat were similar to those of other goats. CBG-band regions were distinct at the proximal portion of the long arms of all autosomes in Korean native goats. According to our investigation, there was no significant difference in chromosomal band patterns between Korean native goat and other goats. It might be necessary to use molecular genetic markers for clarifying the genetical characteristics of Korean native goat whose biological characteristics are not clearly defined.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2003

Karyotype analysis and chromosomal localization of 5S and 45S rDNAs using FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) technique were carried out in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia. Somatic chromosome number of N. plumbaginifolia was 2n=20 and kyarotype was composed of three pairs of metacentric chromosomes (1,2 and 7) and seven pairs of submetacentric chromosomes (3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10). Length of chromosomes was ranged from 2.29 to 4.50 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Chromosome 1 and 2 were identified as satellite chromosomes. In FISH experiment, one pair of 5S rDNA signals was detected on the centromeric region of chromosome 2 and one pair of 45S rDNA signals was detected on the terminal region of chromosome 1.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2006

Bagrid catfish hybrid between Korean bullhead (Pseudobagrus fulvidraco) and Ussurian bullhead (Leiocassis ussuriensis) was produced by artificial fertilization. Modal chromosome numbers of Korean bullhead, Ussurian bullhead and their hybrid were the same as 2n=52. The karyotypes were 22 metacentric (M), 22 submetacentacentric (SM), and 8 acrocentric (A) chromosomes for Korean bullhead, 22M+14SM+16A for Ussurian bullhead and 22M+18SM+12A for their hybrid. The hybrid bullhead karyotype consisted of each haploid set of parental species chromosomes. Erythrocytic sizes and DNA contents of hybrids were intermediate between two parental species.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.74-78
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• 2009

Backcross hybridization between Korean bullhead Pseudobagrus fulvidraco female and Korean bullhead P. fulvidraco $\times$ Ussurian bullhead Leiocassis ussuriensis hybrid male was performed, and early viability and karyotype of the backcross hybrids were examined along with their parental species. Mean fertilization rate (86.8%), hatching success (70.7%) and early survival rate (76.4%) of backcross hybrids were similar with those found in the maternal species, the Korean bullhead. From the chromosome analysis, modal chromosome numbers of Korean bullhead, Ussurian bullhead, their hybrid and backcross hybrid were the same as 2n = 52. However, their karyotypes were different among genotypes. The karyotype of backcross hybrid was 22 metacentric + 18 submetacentacentric + 12 acrocentric chromosomes.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2015

xBrassicoraphanus line BB#5, a new synthetic intergeneric hybrid between Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis and Raphanus sativus L. var. rafiphera induced by N-methyl-N-nitroso-urethane mutagenesis in microspore culture, shows high seed fertility and morphological uniformity. Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 5S and 45S rDNA probes and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) using B. rapa genomic DNA probe were carried out to analyze the chromosome composition and the meiosis pairing pattern compared to its parental lines. The somatic chromosome complement is 2n = 38, which consists of 17 metacentric and two submetacentric chromosomes with lengths of 2.18 to $5.01{\mu}m$. FISH karyotype analysis showed five and eight pairs of 5S and 45S rDNA loci. GISH meiosis pairing analysis showed that 19 complete bivalents were most frequent and accounted for 42% of the 100 pollen mother cells examined. Based on chromosome number, size, morphology, rDNA distribution, and meiosis pairing pattern, both parental genomes of B. rapa and R. sativus appear to exist in xBrassicoraphanus line BB#5, demonstrating its genome integrity. Such stable chromosome constitutions and meiotic pairing patterns in somatic and meiotic cells are very rare in natural and synthetic intergeneric hybrids. Chromosomal studies and genetic and phenotypic changes in allopolyploids a re discussed. The results p resented h erein will b e usef ul f or f urther g enomic s tudy o f xBrassicoraphanus lines and their improvement as promising new breeding varieties.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.24-24
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• 2019

Iris L. is a perennial genus comprising approximately 300 species worldwide, with the greatest number of endemic species occurring in Asia. Iris is one of the largest genera in the family Iridaceae and includes ca. 15 species native to Korea. Although chromosome number change, karyotype restructuring, and genome size variation play an important role in plant genome diversification, understanding the karyotype variation in Korean Iris species has been hampered by the wide range of base chromosome number (x = 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22) reported to date. This study documents the chromosome numbers, karyotype structure and genome size variation in Iris ruthenica K. Gawl., an endangered species in Korea obtained using classic Feulgen staining and flow cytometry. The chromosome number of all investigated plants from the nine populations was 2n = 42. All individuals studied possessed metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. The genome size of the I. ruthenica in eight wild populations ranged from 2.39 pg/1C to 2.45 pg/1C ($2.42{\pm}0.02pg/1C$: $mean{\pm}SD$). This study provides the first report of genome size variation in Iris ruthenica in Korea. This study lays foundation for cytogenetic further analyses employing by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to better understand the chromosomal evolution in this species and in the whole genus.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.102-107
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• 2022

Rhododendron keiskei var. hypoglaucum (Ericaceae) was recently reported in Korea, with a disjunct distribution on the southern islands of the Korean Peninsula. Although chromosome numbers and ploidy variations are important traits in angiosperms, gaining a clear understanding the cytological features of Rhododendron has been hampered by the small size of its chromosomes. We herein report the chromosome number, karyotype structure, and genome size of R. keiskei var. hypoglaucum for the first time. The chromosome number of the investigated plants was 2n = 26 with x = 13 as the base chromosome number, which is the one of the frequently encountered base chromosome numbers in Rhododendron. The karyotype of R. keiskei var. hypoglaucum is composed of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes similar in length, which ranged from 1.39 to 2.40 ㎛. The DNA 1C-value in all examined accessions was small, ranging from 0.63 to 0.65 pg, further supporting the stable genome size in Rhododendron. These comprehensive cytological results provide a framework for detailed molecular, cytogenetic, and phylogenomic analyses that can be used to interpret the slow species diversification rate in Rhododendron.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 1993

Cytogenetic studies and hybridization experiment using two populations of Oryzias latipes from Korea were conducted in order to examine their systematic positions. In the chromosome number of specimens examined. O. sinensis had 46 with a pair of large metacentrics and O. latipes had 48 chromosomes without a pair of large metacentrics. However, the diploid chromosome number of the hybrid between O. latipes and O. sinensis was 47 and they had a large metarcentric chromosome in their karyotype. In the $F_2$ hybrids, distribution of chromosome number was variable among individuals. Hatching rates showed little difference between control and hybrids. However, hatchiabilties of $F_2$ hybrids were decreased by 83.3% as compared with $F_1$ offspring. Incidence of abnormal larvae was increased by 15.3% as compared with their parents. These results indicate that the two karyotype populations formerly regarded as two subspecies would be two distinct allopatric sibling species O. sinensis, and O. latipes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 1988

As a series of systematic classification of paramphistomes, the worms in the rumen and reticulum of 310 Korean cattle slaughtered at Chonju abattoir were collected from February 1986 to June 1987 and were classified by morphology of the worms. Afterwards, the karyotype of Fischoederius cobboldi (Poirier, 1883), which is a very rare species in Korean cattle, was studied with germ cells of the worm by means of modified air-drying method. The chromosome numbers in the haploid and diploid cells of 315 F. cobboldi were n=9 and 2n=18, respectively. The meiotic divisions were observed frequently; 1,904 haploid and 49 diploid cells were recognized. Nine pairs of mitotic chromosomes were homologous in the metaphase stage and the chromosomes were composed of seven medium-sized metacentrics (m) or submetacentrics (sm) and two small-sized submetacentrics (sm). While, meiotic metaphases were composed of seven medium and two small·sized chromosomes. The 3rd, 4th, 2nd and 5th pairs of chromosomes was metacentric having centromere indices of 40.4%, 40.0%, 39.7% and 38.9%, respectively, and the remaining ones were submetacentric with centromere indices from 32,4% to 36.2%. As a series of C-banding method, C-band was shown in centromeric region from all of the haploid germ cells, except chromosome No. 1 which included heterochromatin at the tip region. Chromosomes No, 4, 6 and 9 showed remarkable C-band distinguished from others.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.568-572
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• 2012

Determination of ploidy level for the mother plant is prerequisite for effective breeding. The study was carried out to determine the ploidy level in 7 different plant materials by FISH karyotype analysis. Among the seven plant varieties analyzed, all exhibit tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) based on the results observed in chromosome analysis. Four signals of 45S rDNAs were detected on the terminal region of the short arm of chromosome 7. The length of somatic metaphase chromosomes ranges from 1.67 to $2.67{\mu}m$ in 'Alexandra', 1.40 to $2.04{\mu}m$ in 'Freud', 1.64 to 2.24 in 'Little Silver', 1.69 to $2.26{\mu}m$ in 'Teresa', 1.70 to $2.65{\mu}m$ in 'Tineke', 1.35 to $2.08{\mu}m$ in 'Vital', 1.39 to $2.04{\mu}m$ in 'Yellow Mimi'. Total length of the chromosome ranges from $11.23{\mu}m$ in 'Freud' as minimum to $15.05{\mu}m$ in 'Alexandra' as maximum. The karyotypes were composed of metacentric, submetacentric, and subtelocentric chromosome but there is no subtelocentric chromosome.