• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.361-370
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the medical nutrition therapy of premature infants. The general characteristics, presence of metabolic disorders, hematological profile and feeding methods were compared between the premature infant group (<37 weeks, n=61) and the full-term infant group (37$\sim$42 weeks, n=165). Birth weight (p<0.0001), birth length (p<0.005), head circumference (p<0.0001), chest circumference (p<0.0001), and Apgar scores (p<0.0001) of the neonates were all statistically lower in the premature infant group. Jaundice cases (p<0.0001) were statistically higher in the premature infant group. White blood cell counts (WBC: p<0.005), mean corpuscular volume (MCV: p<0001), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH: p<0.005), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC: p<0.005), and mean platelet volume (MPV: p<0.05) were statistically lower in the premature infant group. The premature infant group were fed a higher rate of premature formula than breast milk and the full-term infant group were fed a high rate of human milk at a higher rate, showing differences in kinds of feeding methods (p<0.0001) between the two groups. An infant's birth weight showed a significantly positive correlation with the infant's birth length (p<0.0001), head circumference (p<0.0001), chest circumference (p<0.0001), and Apgar scores(p<0.0001). The birth length also showed a significantly positive correlation with both head circumference (p<0.05) and chest circumference (p<0.05). Head circumference showed a significantly positive correlation with chest circumference (p<0.0001) and Apgar scores (p<0.0001). Chest circumference showed a significantly positive correlation with Apgar scores (p<0.0001). In addition, the Apgar Score at of 1 minute after birth showed a significantly positive correlation with the Apgar score at of 5 minute after birth (p<0.0001).

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.141-151
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• 2007

파킨슨병은 노년층에 가장 흔한 퇴행성 뇌질환 중의 하나로 진행성핵상마비, 다중계 위축, 루이체 치매 등과 같은 비전형 파킨슨병과 임상적으로 감별이 어려울 수 있다. 파킨슨병과 비전형 파킨슨병의 감별은 치료방침 결정과 예후평가뿐만 아니라 파킨슨병의 원인과 병태생리를 연구하고 새로운 치료법 개발에 있어서도 매우 중요하다. 파킨슨병과 비전형 파킨슨병과 같이 파킨슨 증후군을 유발하는 질환은 선조체내 도파민 신경의 퇴행성 변화를 흔히 동반하지만 병태생리학적으로 서로 다른 뇌피질 및 피질하 구조물에서의 신경세포 소실을 동반하고 있다. 따라서 국소 시냅스 활성도와 신경 및 시냅스의 손상, 그리고 원발병변과 기능적으로 연결된 원격부위의 기능이상 등을 대변하는 뇌포도당 대사를 F-18FDG PET으로 평가하는 것은 파킨슨 병의 감별진단과 병태생리를 평가하는데 유용하다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제26권
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• pp.12.1-12.7
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• 2011

Objectives: Perchlorate is an emerging contaminant that is found everywhere, including various foods. Perchlorate is known to disturb the production of thyroid hormones and leads to mental disorders in fetuses and infants, as well as metabolic problems in adults. In this study, we attempted to establish an LC-MS/MS method for measuring perchlorate in dairy products and used this developed method to investigate perchlorate levels in Korean milk and yogurt samples. Methods: The developed method of perchlorate analysis requires a shaker and 1% acetic acid/acetonitrile as the extracting solvent. Briefly, the samples were extracted and then centrifuged (4000 rpm, 1hour), and the supernatant was then passed through a $Envi^{TM}$ Carb SPE cartridge that had been prewashed sequentially with 6 mL of acetonitrile and 6 mL of 1% acetic acid in water. The final volume of the sample extract was adjusted to 40 mL with reagent water and the final sample was filtered through a 0.20-${\mu}m$ pore size PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) syringe filter prior to LC-MS/MS. Results: The average levels of perchlorate in milk and yogurt samples were $5.63{\pm}3.49\;{\mu}g/L$ and $3.65{\pm}2.42\;{\mu}g/L$, respectively. The perchlorate levels observed in milk samples in this study were similar to those reported from China, Japan, and the United States. Conclusions: The exposure of Koreans to perchlorate through the consumption of dairy products was calculated based on the results of this study. For all age groups, the calculated exposure to perchlorate was below the reference of dose (0.7 ${\mu}g/kg$-day) proposed by the National Academy of Science, USA, but the perchlorate exposure of children was higher than that of adults. Therefore, further investigation of perchlorate in other food samples is needed to enable a more exact assessment of exposure of children to perchlorate.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.528-530
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• 2007

Purpose: Holoprosencephaly(HPE) is a rare developmental defect due to incomplete cleavages of the prosencephalon during the third week of fetal development. Chromosomal anomalies, genetic syndrome, teratogen, or genetic disorder of non-syndromic HPE are usually accepted as etiology. The consequences of prechordal mesoderm defect are varying degrees of deficit of midline facial development, especially the median nasal process(premaxilla), and incomplete morphogenesis of the forebrain. We experienced a case of lobar HPE with complete cleft lip and palate. Methods: A female newborn infant was born at $38^{+6}$ weeks' gestational age via NSVD. The infant's birth weight was 3.6 kg, height 52 cm, and head circumference 32.5 cm, showing microcephaly, flat nose, median complete cleft lip & palate, and hypotelorism, along with defects of midfacial development including losses of premaxilla, philtrum, nasal septum, and columella. Results: There were no specific findings noted from the head and neck X-ray and tests for endocrine and metabolic disorders, but clinical characteristics of midface and dysgenesis corpus callosum on brain MRI were seen, so that this case was diagnosed with HPE. Conclusion: HPE is divided into three categories of alobar, semilobar, and lobar prosencephaly according to the degree of cerebral hemisphere separation. Assesment of patient's brain abnormality and malformation is essential in determining the extent and benefit of surgical intervention. This case was included in the lobar type HPE which shows relatively good prognosis compared with other types and reconstruction of median complete cleft lip & palate and midfacial defects will be performed.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.294-301
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• 2013

In this study, we examined the hepatic anti-steatosis activity of carnosic acid (CA), a phenolic compound of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) leaves, as well as its possible mechanism of action, in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice model. Mice were fed a HFD, or a HFD supplemented with 0.01% (w/w) CA or 0.02% (w/w) CA, for a period of 12 weeks, after which changes in body weight, blood lipid profiles, and fatty acid mechanism markers were evaluated. The 0.02% (w/w) CA diet resulted in a marked decline in steatosis grade, as well as in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index values, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IGTT) results, body weight gain, liver weight, and blood lipid levels (P < 0.05). The expression level of hepatic lipogenic genes, such as sterol regulating element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), liver-fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and fatty acid synthase (FAS), was significantly lower in mice fed 0.01% (w/w) CA and 0.02% (w/w) CA diets than that in the HFD group; on the other hand, the expression level of ${\beta}$-oxidation-related genes, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\alpha}$ (PPAR-${\alpha}$), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), was higher in mice fed a 0.02% (w/w) CA diet, than that in the HFD group (P < 0.05). In addition, the hepatic content of palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), and oleic acid (C18:1) was significantly lower in mice fed the 0.02% (w/w) CA diet than that in the HFD group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that orally administered CA suppressed HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and fatty liver-related metabolic disorders through decrease of de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid elongation and increase of fatty acid ${\beta}$-oxidation in mice.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2010

젖소는 분만전후기에 당 및 지방대사를 조절하여 태아와 유선에서 요구하는 영양소를 충족하고자 한다. 이러한 대사적 적응과정에서 중요한 역할을 하는 호르몬으로 insulin을 꼽을 수 있으며, 특히 지방조직에 작용하여 동물체내 필요한 에너지를 충족시키기 위해 지방산의 재배치를 촉진하고 분만전 말기에 insulin resistance를 야기시킨다. 분만전에 혈중 유리 지방산의 농도가 증가됨에 따라 insulin resistance가 발생하며 이것은 사료섭취량의 감소와 밀접한 관계가 있다. Insulin resistance을 완화시키는 물질로 $PPAR{\gamma}$ agoinst인 thiazolidinedione (TZD)는 분만전후기에 발생하는 대사성 질병의 발생을 억제하여 젖소의 건강 및 유생산 증가를 도모할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.493-499
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• 2019

Macrophage-associated inflammation is crucial for the pathogenesis of diverse diseases including metabolic disorders. Rhodanthpyrone (Rho) is an active component of Gentiana rhodantha, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation. Although synthesis procedures of RhoA and RhoB were reported, the biological effects of the specific compounds have never been explored. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanisms of action of RhoA and RhoB were studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. Pretreatment with RhoA and RhoB decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions in RAW 264.7 cells and in thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages. In addition, it downregulated transcript levels of several inflammatory genes in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, including inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (Tnfa, Il6, and Ccl2) and inflammatory mediators (Nos2 and Ptgs2). Macrophage chemotaxis was also inhibited by treatment with the compounds. Mechanistic studies revealed that RhoA and RhoB suppressed the nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ pathway, but not the canonical mitogen activated protein kinase pathway, in LPS-stimulated condition. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of RhoA and RhoB on inflammatory gene expressions was attenuated by treatment with an $NF-{\kappa}B$ inhibitor. Our findings suggest that RhoA and RhoB play an anti-inflammatory role at least in part by suppressing the $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway during macrophage-mediated inflammation.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.561-569
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• 2021

본 연구를 통하여 블랙커런트 추출물의 섭취가 제 2형 당뇨동물 모델인 db/db 마우스에서 혈당 개선 및 사구체 확장, 신장 섬유증, 염증을 억제하여 당뇨병성 신병증을 개선했다는 것을 입증했다. 제 2형 당뇨병 db/db 마우스에서 블랙커런트 추출물의 섭취가 인슐린 저항성 및 신장 기능 장애와 같은 당뇨병 관련 대사 장애를 개선하고, 당뇨병성 신병증에 있어 신장 염증 및 신장 섬유증을 현저하게 약화시켰다는 것을 보여주었다. 결론적으로, 이러한 연구 결과는 블랙커런트 추출물이 신장 섬유증, 염증 및 이에 따른 당뇨병성 신병증의 예방에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다는 증거를 제공한다. 따라서 당뇨병 관련 신기능 장애에 대한 블랙커런트 추출물의 보호 역할은 당뇨병성 신병증 개선 건강성 식품 개발에 대한 새로운 통찰력을 제공 할 수 있다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

고지방 식이로 고지혈증과 산화적 스트레스를 유도한 생쥐에서 메밀식이섬유의 개선 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 고지방 식이와 함께 메밀식이섬유(저농도, 500 mg/kg; 고농도, 1,000 mg/kg)를 제공한 그룹의 체중은 고지방 식이만 제공한 그룹과 비교하여 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 또한 메밀식이섬유를 제공한 그룹의 지질프로파일 개선 효과는 저농도에서 고농도로 용량 의존적으로 관찰되었다. 혈청 지질 프로파일과 인슐린, 포도당 및 유리 지방산의 수준은 메밀식이섬유 제공으로 유의하게 감소한 반면, HDL-C와 디포넥틴은 유의하게 증가했다(p<0.05). 한편, 고지방 식이만 제공한 그룹과 비교하여 메밀식이섬유 제공으로 혈청 말론다이알데히드(MDA) 수준이 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 결과적으로 메밀식이섬유의 섭취는 이상지질혈증과 산화 스트레스를 개선함으로써 비만과 관련 대사 장애를 예방할 수 있을 것으로 기대할 수 있었다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

Purpose : Cachexia, is a complex metabolic syndrome associated with underlying illness and characterized by loss of muscle with or without loss of fat mass. Patients with cachxia shows various symptoms including fatigue, anxiety, pain, sleep disorders, and poor appetite. Medications therapy, dietary and exercise therapy, and emotional support are recommended to treat patients with cachexia. However, evidence-based research verifying the role of exercise therapy in patients with cachexia is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of therapeutic exercise on fatigue and anxiety in patients with cachexia. Methods : Case report. A 29-year-old woman was diagnosed with cachexia. Following 2 weeks of inpatient and 4 weeks of out-patient treatment. we assessed her weight, as well as pain, fatigue, and anxiety level. As an the patient exercised for an hour 5 times a week for 2 weeks,-and during the outpatient visit, she exercised for an hour twice a week for 4 weeks. Her weight was measured using a weighting scale. Pain was assessed using the visual analog scale, and fatigue and anxiety levels were assessed using questionnaires. Results : Following 6 weeks of treatment, exercise therapy a positively affected the patient's weight, as well as pain, fatigue, and anxiety levels. We observed a weight gain of 4.5 kg, pain reduction of 5.1 points. Fatigue reduction of 43 points, anxiety reduction of total 41 points. Conclusion : Exercise therapy positively affects weight, as well as pain, fatigue, and anxiety levels in patients with cachexia. However, generalization of this observation is inappropriate based on this single case study.