• 제목/요약/키워드: memory and cognition

검색결과 225건 처리시간 0.025초

Monitoring Tasks & Concurrent Task Management in VTS

  • 정기남;이남열;하윤주;김영신;이상원
    • 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국항해항만학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.346-348
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    • 2014
  • VTS 관제사의 가장 기본적인 업무는 모니터링과 동시다발적으로 발생하는 사건을 처리하는 업무라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 모니터링 업무와 동시발생 업무의 관리의 소홀 또는 실패가 VTS 관련 사고로 이어지는 경우가 많다, 그러함에도 불구하고 지금까지는 이 분야에 대한 연구가 부족하였다. 본고에서는 VTS 모니터링 업무와 동시발생 업무 관리의 특성을 분석하고 특히 방해와 산만을 일으키는 요소들을 집중적으로 검토하고 이것이 관제사의 역량에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 또한 이러한 문제의 해결책으로 미래계획기억과 분산 기억 시스템 이론을 적용하여 실질적으로 관제사 업무에 도움을 줄 수 있는 방법을 모색하였다. 또한 e-Navigation 과 관련하여 VTS 장비에 장착하여 관제사의 모니터링 업무와 동시다발 발생 업무 관리를 도울 수 있는 도구 개발에 대한 아이디어를 제안하였다.

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주관적 기억감퇴를 가진 노인에서 백질 변화와 인지기능 장애의 관련성 (Relationship between White Matter Changes and Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly with Subjective Memory Complaint)

  • 신은영;정한용;김양래;이소영;김신겸
    • 생물정신의학
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.141-147
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    • 2011
  • Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the severity of white matter changes (WMC), risk factors and cognitive domains, including executive function profiles. Method Forty nine subjects over 55 years with subjective memory complaints were assessed with MRI and neuropsychological tests. The WMC were assessed by MRI T2-FLAIR images and divided into 3 groups of mild vs. moderate vs. severe and 2 groups of mild-moderate vs. severe by using Mantyla's criteria and Fazeka's criteria. The risk factors were examined in hypertension, heart disease history and chemistry Lab. Medical conditions which affect to cognitive dysfunction and definite dementia were also excluded. Results Comparing 3 groups, hypertension was identified as a risk factor of the WMC. Comparing 2 groups, total cholesterol and LDL were identified for as the risk factor of WMC. The severity of WMC was significantly associated with cognitive disturbances and their main effect on cognition was working memory and inhibition. Conclusion The risk factors of the WMC in the elderly were hypertension, hyperlipidemia. The severity of WMC appears to be associated with executive dysfunction in the elderly.

경험디자인의 개념과 특성에 관한 연구 - 인간의 공간 인지 과정을 중심으로 - (A Study on Definition and Characteristic of Experience Design - Focused on Human's Cognition Process in Space -)

  • 김예진;이정욱
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.138-146
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    • 2006
  • Main elements in definition of space value were physical, formal, and reasonable characteristics in the past. Howener recently, definition of space value is changing by being advanced about study concerned with human's cognition and thinking way in definition and analysis of space. As you see, cognitive psychologists have emphasized the importance of human's cognitive structure and process and studied diverse aspects of human's thinking ; consciousness, perception, memory, image, language, decision-making, inference, and so on. Therefore main elements in definition of space value are five-dimensional, psychological, symbolic, mental, emotional characteristics above physical, formal, and reasonable characteristics. As mentioned above, the conversion of thinking focused on reason to thinking focused on human's spirit and emotion is achieved in contemporary architecture and 'human's experience' in space becomes a very important factor. For that reason, the purpose of this study is consideration of human's cognitive process in space by conversion of thinking and gives a definition about experience. And, I would like to define 'experience design' whose main attribute is experience in space and establish theoretical basis of experience design through theoretical researches about experience. This study on experience design that induces users to participate in space and stimulate human's spirit is a important point in definition of space value not only contemporary interior architecture but also prospective generation.

패션매장에서 판매원의 특성에 대한 소비자 반응 연구 (A Study of Consumers' Responses to the Attributes of Salespeople in Fashion Retail Stores)

  • 서민정;전대근
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.509-519
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    • 2018
  • This study is to examine the effects of salespeople' attributes (i.e., empathy, availability, professional appearance) on consumer cognition, emotion, and behavior. A conceptual model was developed based on stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) theory and cognition-emotion theory. A total of 542 questionnaires were collected online and some incompletely written questionnaires were excluded. Because of the high possibility of memory distortion, only the questionnaires (n=220) written by those who visited fashion stores within one week were used for the final analysis. The results of PLS analyses demonstrated that 1) salespeople's empathy directly affected consumers' shopping emotion; 2) salespeople's availability and professional appearance indirectly affected consumer's shopping emotion through store image; 3) consumers' shopping emotion positively affected purchase intention. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed in conclusion. As a result of this research, the main characteristics of the salespeople were identified in order to allow the consumers visiting the fashion store to buy the fashion products naturally and the basic directions of sales manuals for the salespeople in the fashion store were presented. It is also hoped that academic researchers will be able to use the characteristics of salespeople as the main data to understand how they affect consumers' cognitive and emotional responses and how they are connected to purchase behavior.

가정방문 인지자극 활동이 치매특별등급(5등급) 노인의 인지기능 및 기억 자기효능감에 미치는 효과 : 개별대상연구 (Effects of Home-Visit Program with Cognitive-Stimulating Activities on Cognitive Function and Memory Self-efficacy of an Elderly with Dementia Special Rating : Single Subject)

  • 손보영;방요순
    • 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.247-262
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 가정방문 인지자극 활동이 치매특별등급(5등급) 노인의 인지기능 및 기억 자기효능감에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구기간 및 대상은 2019년 2월 11일부터 4월 26일까지 G광역시에 거주하는 65세 여성 1명으로, 개별대상연구의 A-B-A' 설계를 사용하였다. 초기 진단을 받은 치매특별등급(5등급)의 경증치매 노인에게 비교적 접근성이 쉽고, 스스로 생각하고 풀어갈 수 있는 수준의 신체·인지자극 활동을 병행함으로써 지적능력을 반복적으로 자극하여 저하된 인지기능을 완화시켰고, 일상생활에서 친숙한 글자, 숫자, 신체 움직임 등을 이용한 단기기억 및 회상 활동을 지속적으로 훈련함으로써 저하된 기억력과 집중력의 인지기능에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 인지자극 활동이 초기 경증치매 노인들에게 센터, 복지관 등의 특정장소를 벗어나 가정에서 손쉽게 접근 가능한 치매예방프로그램임을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구의 인지자극 활동은 치매특별등급(5등급) 노인의 인지기능 및 두드러지는 기억저하에 긍정적 영향을 미칠 수 있는 효과적 중재로의 가능성을 확인하였기에, 적극적인 실용 방안을 제안하는 바이다.

난소 절제 동물모델을 이용한 경옥고의 갱년기 증후군 개선 효과 (The Ameliorating Effect of Kyung-Ok-Go on Menopausal Syndrome Observed in Ovariectomized Animal Model)

  • 조경남;정서윤;배호정;류종훈
    • 생약학회지
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    • 제51권4호
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    • pp.310-316
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    • 2020
  • Kyung-Ok-Go (KOK) is a traditional prescription used for debilitating natural aging and post-illness debilitation. KOK has been used in a variety of ways because it strengthens immunity, prevents illness, and helps recovery in case of illness. In particular, recent research has revealed that KOK helps improve memory and cognition. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether KOK was effective in improving memory decline and depression-state observed during menopause. In the present study, we employed ovariectomized mouse as an animal model for measuring menopausal syndrome. The administration of KOK for 8 weeks, the object recognition memory and working memory were improved in novel object recognition test and Y-maze test. And in the forced swimming test, the immobility time were decreased. Additionally, the expression level of mature brain derived neurotropic factor (mBDNF) was increased by KOK administration in ovariectomized mouse hippocampus. These results suggested that KOK could improve cognitive decline and depression during menopausal period, and it might be come from enhancing expression level of mBDNF in hippocampus.

발효에 의한 길경추출물의 인지기능 개선 효능 (The Effect of Femented Platycodon grandiflorum on the Memory Impairment of Mice)

  • 김태연;신용욱
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.25-31
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of the Ethanolic extracts of Platycodon grandiflorum and its permented production the learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine. Methods : The cognition-enhancing effect of Platycodon grandiflorum and its permented production were investigated using a passive avoidance test, the Morris water maze test and Y-maze test in mice. Drug-induced amnesia was induced by treating animals with scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Results : The results showed that the Permented Platycodon grandiflorum extract-treated group (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and the tacrine-treated group (10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated scopolamine-induced amnesia based on the Passive avoidance Y-maze test and Water maze test. And these results are same manner in DPPH radical scavenger effect and Acetylcholineseterase inhibition effect. Conclusions : These results suggest that 80% Ethanol extract of fermented P.grandiflorum showed significant anti-amnestic and cognitive-enhancing activities related to the memory processes, and these activities were parallel to treatment duration and dependent of the learning models.

포공영 기원식물의 mouse 기억력 개선효과 비교 (A Comparative Study of Memory Improving Effects of Taraxaci herba on Scopolamine-induced Amnesia in Mouse)

  • 손문기;신용욱
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.27-35
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    • 2012
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of the fraction of Taraxacum officinale and T.coreanum on the learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine. Methods : The cognition-enhancing effect of Taraxacum officinale and T.coreanum was investigated using a passive avoidance test, the Morris water maze test and Y-maze test in mice. Drug-induced amnesia was induced by treating animals with scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Results : The results showed that the Aug harvested T.offiicinale extract-treated group (200 mg/kg, p.o.) and the tacrine-treated group (10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated scopolamine-induced amnesia based on the Passive avoidance Y-maze test and Watermaze test. And these results are same manner in DPPH radical scavenger effect and Acetylcholineseterase inhibition effect. Conclusions : These results suggest that Taraxacum officinale extract maybe a useful cognitive impairment treatment, and its beneficial effects are depending on the collecting time and origin plants. As a result, Taraxacum officinale harvested in August improve memory most.

기억력 감퇴모델에서 산사의 기억력 개선 효과에 관한 연구 (The Fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments Induced by Scopolamine)

  • 왕수빈;안은미;정지욱
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.165-171
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : In the present study, we assessed the effects of the ethanolic extract of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge on the learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine using the passive avoidance and the Morris water maze tasks in mice. Methods : The cognition-enhancing effect of C. pinnatifida was investigated using a passive avoidance test, the Morris water maze test and Y-maze test in mice. Drug-induced amnesia was induced by treating animals with scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). Results : The ethanolic extract of C. pinnatifida (100, and 200 mg/kg) significantly reversed the scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in the passive avoidance test (p < 0.05). Moreover, C. pinnatifida (200 mg/kg) also improved escape latencies in training trials and increased swimming times and distances within the target zone of the Morris water maze (p < 0.05). On the Y-maze test, C. pinnatifida (100, and 200 mg/kg) also significantly reversed scopolamine- induced cognitive impairments in mice (p < 0.05). Conclusions : The ethanolic extract of Crataegus pinnatifida dramatically possesses the anti-amnestic and cognitive-enhancing activities related to the memory processes, and these activities were parallel to treatment duration and dependent on the learning models.

Protective Effect of Arabinoxylan against Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment

  • Kim, Chang-Yul;Lee, Gil-Yong;Park, Gyu Hwan;Lee, Jongwon;Jang, Jung-Hee
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제22권5호
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    • pp.467-473
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the memory enhancing effect and underlying molecular mechanism of arabinoxylan (AX), a major component of dietary fiber in wheat against scopolamine (SCO)-induced amnesia in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Diverse behavior tests including Y-maze, Morris water maze, and passive avoidance tests were performed to measure cognitive functions. SCO significantly decreased the spontaneous alterations in Y-maze test and step-through latency in passive avoidance test, whereas increased time spent to find the hidden platform in Morris water maze test compared with the sham control group. In contrast, oral administration of AX (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) effectively reversed the SCO-induced cognitive impairments in SD rats. Furthermore, AX treatment up-regulated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the cortex and hippocampus via promoting activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Therefore, our findings suggest that AX can improve SCO-induced learning and memory impairment possibly through activation of CREB and up-regulation of BDNF levels, thereby exhibiting a cognition-enhancing potential.