• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.2181-2186
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• 2012

Dendrimers are a novel class of nonlinear polymers and due to their extensive applications in different fields, called versatile polymers. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are one of the most important dendrimers that have many applications in nanobiotechnology and industry. Generally aldehyde terminated dendrimers are prepared by activation of amine terminated dendrimers by glutaraldehyde which has two problems, toxicity and possibility of crosslink formation. In this study, novel aldehyde-terminated PAMAM dendrimer was prepared and used for covalent immobilization of trypsin by the aim of finding a special reagent which can prevent crosslinking and deactivation of the enzyme. For this purpose aminoacetaldehydedimethylacetal (AADA) was used as spacer group between aldehyde-terminated PAMAM and trypsin.The findings of this study showed that immobilization of trypsin not only resulted higher optimal temperature, but also increased the thermal stability of the immobilized enzyme in comparison to the free enzyme.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.156-168
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• 2023

Objectives : This study aimed to determine the status of thermal stimulation devices approved in Korea for medical applications over the past 10 years, and based on this, to obtain insight for future thermal treatment in Korean medical institutions. Methods : We searched the item classification list entitled "Regulations on Medical Device Items and Rating by Item" from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Notice No. 2021-24, 2021 (Enforced March 19, 2021; www.mfds.go.kr) for individually licensed heaters using the terms "heat" and "heating". Results : We identified 17 items of thermal stimulation product group, of which 1,308 devices were licensed by February 4, 2022, and 53.2% of them (n=696) were devices with valid permits for distribution in Korea. Among the licensed devices, heating pad systems under/overlay (electric, home use) were approved the most, but combinational stimulator (for medical use, home use; Grade 2) accounted for the highest percentage among the current valid permission. Moxibustion apparatuses were licensed separately for electrical use and non-electrical use, and occupied a low percentage of the total devices. We analyzed 307 devices that were accompanied by technical documents and found that the heat sources were wires in 145 (47.2%), infrared rays in 44 (14.3%) and ultrasonic waves in 42 (13.7%) devices. Most (83.1%) devices were used for pain relief, while other applications included beauty, cancer treatment, maintenance of infant body temperature, and healing fractures. Conclusions : Thermal stimulation devices accounted for about 0.9% of all medical devices, and among them, combinational stimulators and heating pad systems under/overlay had the most valid permits. Thermal stimulation devices using heating wires and infrared rays were the most prevalent, and most were used to relieve pain. In order to develop a range of thermal stimulation devices that can be utilized in Korean medical institutions, it is imperative that they have potential applications beyond pain management, addressing various medical purposes. To achieve this, foundational research is necessary to effectively apply diverse heat sources based on medical objectives.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.116-125
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• 2016

Background: Microfluidics is of considerable importance in food and agricultural industries. Microfluidics processes low volumes of fluids in channels with extremely small dimensions of tens of micrometers. It enables the miniaturization of analytical devices and reductions in cost and turnaround times. This allows automation, high-throughput analysis, and processing in food and agricultural applications. Purpose: This review aims to provide information on the applications of microfluidics in the agro-food sector to overcome limitations posed by conventional technologies. Results: Microfluidics contributes to medical diagnosis, biological analysis, drug discovery, chemical synthesis, biotechnology, gene sequencing, and ecology. Recently, the applications of microfluidics in food and agricultural industries have increased. A few examples of these applications include food safety analysis, food processing, and animal production. This study examines the fundamentals of microfluidics including fabrication, control, applications, and future trends of microfluidics in the agro-food sector. Conclusions: Future research efforts should focus on developing a small portable platform with modules for fluid handling, sample preparation, and signal detection electronics.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.389-396
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• 2022

Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) based sensors are used for various applications owing to advantages such as excellent accuracy and precision, rapid response, and tiny footprint. Traditional applications of QCM-based sensors include biological sensing and thin-film thickness monitoring. Recently, QCMs have been used as functional material for novel physical and chemical detections, and with improved device design. QCM-based sensors are garnering considerable attention in particulate matter sensing and electric nose application. This review covers the challenges and solutions in physical, chemical, and biological sensing applications. First, various physical sensing applications are introduced. Secondly, the toxic gas and chemical detection studies are outlined, focusing on introducing a coating method for uniform sensing film and sensing materials for a minimal damping effect. Lastly, the biological and medical sensing applications, which use the monomolecularly decorating method for biomolecule recognition and a brief description of the overall measuring system, are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.488-500
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• 2011

This study analyzes medical clothing trends and provides future directions for research. Based on 38 patents in Korea and 221 patents in the USA, the contents of patents were analyzed by year, subject, clothing type, and specific content. The results are as follows. The number of patent applications in Korea and the USA was found to be increasing. The distribution by subject was in the order of patient clothing, medical personnel clothing, and materials for medical clothing. Clothing of various types such as upper garment, bottoms, pajamas, gowns, and jump-suits were observed in patient clothing comparatively. However, gowns occupied a higher portion in medical personnel clothing. Patents in the USA related to patient clothing included patient clothing that provided examination convenience, monitoring patient clothing, patient clothing revising appearance, and patient clothing that assisted in movement. Korean patents related to patient clothing include functional patient clothing, patient clothing providing examination convenience, clothing for Alzheimer patients, and monitoring patient clothing. Many of the patents related to medical personnel clothing were about surgery gowns and mainly concerned with developments related to devices that allows putting on gowns while maintaining a sterile state and functionality to prevent liquid permeation. Regarding materials for medical clothing, there were many applications on breathability and liquid impermeable materials.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.3753-3758
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• 2015

Background: Polymeric nanoparticles are attractive materials that have been widely used in medicine for drug delivery, with therapeutic applications. In our study, polymeric nanoparticles and the anticancer drug, chrysin, were encapsulated into poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) poly (ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) nanoparticles for local treatment. Materials and Methods: PLGA: PEG triblock copolymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of D, L-lactide and glycolide as an initiator. The bulk properties of these copolymers were characterized using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the resulting particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Results: The chrysin encapsulation efficiency achieved for polymeric nanoparticles was 70% control of release kinetics. The cytotoxicity of different concentration of pure chrysin and chrysin loaded in PLGA-PEG ($5-640{\mu}M$) on T47-D breast cancer cell line was analyzed by MTT-assay. Conclusions: There is potential for use of these nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Future work should include in vivo investigation of the targeting capability and effectiveness of these nanoparticles in the treatment of breast cancer.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.8A
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• pp.712-722
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• 2011

Wireless body area network(WBAN) provide communication service in the vicinity of the body. Since WBANs utilize both MICS frequency band for implant medical applications and ISM frequency band for medical and consumer electronics(CE) applications. Therefore, MAC protocols in WBAN should be designed considering flexibility between medical and CE applications. In this paper, we identify the requirements of WBAN MAC protocols and propose a WBAN MAC protocol which satisfies the requirements. In other to provide transmission flexibility for various applications. we present the dynamic CFP allocation and opportunity period. Extensive simulation result show that the proposed protocol achieves improved throughput and latency in WEAN environment cimpared with IEEE 802.15.4.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.563-569
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• 2023

Micro light-emitting diodes (LEDs), with a chip size of 100 micrometers or less, have attracted significant attention in flexible displays, augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR), and bio-medical applications as next-generation light sources due to their outstanding electrical, optical, and mechanical performance. In the realm of bio-medical devices, it is crucial to transfer tiny micro LED chips onto desired flexible substrates with low precision errors, high speed, and high yield for practical applications on various parts of the human body, including someone's face and organs. This paper aims to introduce a fabrication process for flexible micro LED devices and propose micro LED transfer techniques for cosmetic and medical applications. Flexible micro LED technology holds promise for treating skin disorders, cancers, and neurological diseases.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1602-1612
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• 2017

Since rapidly disseminating of Internet of Things (IoT) as the new communication paradigm, a number of studies for various applications is being carried out. Especially, interest in the smart medical system is rising. In the smart medical system, a number of medical devices are distributed in popular area such as station and medical center, and this high density of medical device distribution can cause serious performance degradation of communication, referred to as the coexistence problem. When coexistence problem occurs in smart medical system, reliable transmitting of patient's biological information may not be guaranteed and patient's life can be jeopardized. Therefore, coexistence problem in smart medical system should be resolved. In this paper, we propose a distributed coexistence mitigation scheme for IoT-based smart medical system which can dynamically avoid interference in coexistence situation and can guarantee reliable communication. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, we perform extensive simulations by comparing with IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol which is a traditional low-power communication technology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.9.1-9.1
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• 2007