• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2001

In 1984, Johnson[A bounded convergence theorem for the Feynman in-tegral, J, Math. Phys, 25(1984), 1323-1326] proved a bounded convergence theorem for hte Feynman integral. This is the first stability theorem of the Feynman integral as an $L(L_2 (\mathbb{R}^N), L_2(\mathbb{R}^{N}))$ theory. Johnson and Lapidus [Generalized Dyson series, generalized Feynman digrams, the Feynman integral and Feynmans operational calculus. Mem, Amer, Math, Soc. 62(1986), no 351] studied stability theorems for the Feynman integral as an $L(L_2 (\mathbb{R}^N), L_2(\mathbb{R}^{N}))$ theory for the functional with arbitrary Borel measure. These papers treat functionals which involve only a single integral. In this paper, we obtain the stability theorems for the Feynman integral as an $L(L_1 (\mathbb{R}^N), L_{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^{N}))$theory for the functionals which involve double integral with some Borel measures.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제58권3호
• /
• pp.609-631
• /
• 2021

Let C[0, T] denote a generalized analogue of Wiener space, the space of real-valued continuous functions on the interval [0, T]. Define $Z_{\vec{e},n}$ : C[0, T] → ℝⁿ⁺¹ by $$Z_{\vec{e},n}(x)=\(x(0),\;{\int}_0^T\;e_1(t)dx(t),{\cdots},\;{\int}_0^T\;e_n(t)dx(t)\)$$, where e₁,…, e_n are of bounded variations on [0, T]. In this paper we derive a simple evaluation formula for Radon-Nikodym derivatives similar to the conditional expectations of functions on C[0, T] with the conditioning function $Z_{\vec{e},n}$ which has an initial weight and a kind of drift. As applications of the formula, we evaluate the Radon-Nikodym derivatives of various functions on C[0, T] which are of interested in Feynman integration theory and quantum mechanics. This work generalizes and simplifies the existing results, that is, the simple formulas with the conditioning functions related to the partitions of time interval [0, T].

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제53권5호
• /
• pp.1531-1548
• /
• 2016

Let C[0, t] denote the space of real-valued continuous functions on [0, t] and define a random vector $Z_n:C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^n$ by $Z_n(x)=(\int_{0}^{t_1}h(s)dx(s),{\ldots},\int_{0}^{t_n}h(s)dx(s))$, where 0 < $t_1$ < ${\cdots}$ < $ t_n=t$ is a partition of [0, t] and $h{\in}L_2[0,t]$ with $h{\neq}0$ a.e. Using a simple formula for a conditional expectation on C[0, t] with $Z_n$, we evaluate a generalized analytic conditional Wiener integral of the function $G_r(x)=F(x){\Psi}(\int_{0}^{t}v_1(s)dx(s),{\ldots},\int_{0}^{t}v_r(s)dx(s))$ for F in a Banach algebra and for ${\Psi}=f+{\phi}$ which need not be bounded or continuous, where $f{\in}L_p(\mathbb{R}^r)(1{\leq}p{\leq}{\infty})$, {$v_1,{\ldots},v_r$} is an orthonormal subset of $L_2[0,t]$ and ${\phi}$ is the Fourier transform of a measure of bounded variation over $\mathbb{R}^r$. Finally we establish various change of scale transformations for the generalized analytic conditional Wiener integrals of $G_r$ with the conditioning function $Z_n$.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 1979

The purposes of this study were ; (1) to investigate attitudes toward Korean clothing in relation to 3 aspects of clothing behavior , and in relation to attitudes toward women's role, age and education, and (2) to ascertain the extent to which Korean clothing was used and valued. Clothing measures consisted of statements dealing with positive and negative attitudes toward psychological and practical aspects of Korean clothing, frequency of use of Korean clothing, and modesty and confirmity -individuality measure. The measure of attitudes toward women's role consisted of items selected form the Inventory of Feminie Values and the Sex Role Ideology Scale. Product-moment correlation was used to analyze the data which consisted of the responses of 700 adult Korean women to questionnaires administered by the researcher. The results obtained are as follows : 1) Positive attitudes toward Korean clothing for both psychological and practical aspects were, (1) related negatively to nontraditional attitudes toward women's role and education, and (2) related positively to age, frequency of wearing Korean clothing and modesty in clothing. 2) Negative attitudes toward Korean clothing for practical aspect was related negatively to age and education , whereas, the psychological aspect was negatively related to attitudes toward women's role. 3) Conformity-individuality in clothing was related positively to attitudes toward women's role and education. 4) Modesty in clothing was related negatively to attitudes toward women's role and education, conformity individuality, and was related positively to age. 5) In 1945 most of the subjects over 51 -year-old wore Korean clothing always or most of time, whereas, about 1/3 of them wore the same in 1976 , Only 4% of the total participants regardless of their ages wore Korean clothing for everyday life in 1976. 6) In general , highly positive attitudes toward Korean clothing were found on psychological aspect, whereas, highly negative attitudes toward Korean clothing were found on practical aspect.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.151-165
• /
• 2010

영상은 잡음센서이나 채널 전송에러에 의해 생기는 임펄스 잡음에 의해 자주 오염된다. 본 논문은 영상에서 이런 임펄스 잡음을 제거하는 방법에 대해 논의하고자 한다. 제안된 잡음제거는 SVM(Support Vector Machine)과 개선된 Adaptive Median 필터에 의해 이루어진다. SVM에 의해 영상에서 잡음픽셀여부를 검출하고 검출된 잡음픽셀은 개선된 Adaptive Median 필터에 의해 새로운 픽셀값으로 대체한다. 제안된 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 영상 실험을 통하여 salt-and-pepper 임펄스 잡음과 random-valued 임펄스 잡음을 고려하여 기존의 잡음제거 방법들과 정성적이고 MAE, PSNR를 통한 정량적인 비교를 하였다. 실험결과 제안된 방법은 잡음 제거와 미세한 부분에 대한 보존력이 뛰어나고 특히, 많이 오염된 영상에 대해서도 상당한 잡음제거 성능을 보였다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.64-73
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 충청권을 대상으로 공간특성을 분석하고 쇠퇴지역을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 쇠퇴지역 도출을 위해 쇠퇴지표를 선정하고 충청권의 시 공간적 지표자료를 가공하여 공간자료로 이용하였으며, 쇠퇴지역의 특성을 도출하기 위하여 공간적 자기상관을 적용하였다. 공간적 자기상관은 '공간'이라는 요인을 고려하여 공간특성을 도출할 수 있는 방법이다. 또한 쇠퇴지역의 특성 도출을 위해 경제학적 개념을 도입하여 정(+)의 값을 가지는 지역은 보완지역으로 부(-)의 값을 가지는 지역은 대체지역으로 구분하였다. 이를 통해 주변지역의 성장으로 인해 쇠퇴되는 지역과 주변지역의 성장으로 인해 함께 성장하는 지역 등의 특성을 도출하였다. 본 연구는 충청권 시 군의 쇠퇴지역 도출 및 특성을 분석함으로써 향후 재생계획 수립을 위한 의사결정을 지원하고자 한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.191-203
• /
• 2020

This study aims to present the differentiating factors of B2B salesperson competency through comparing the suppliers and buyers in Korean steel industry in their perception on the importance and priority of B2B salesperson competency. Based on previous studies, analysis on B2B salesperson competency has been analyzed using the B2B salesperson performance competency measure factors and appropriately reorganizing them for better application to the steel industry. The required performance competencies of B2B salesperson can be categorized into 3 different types, namely social exchange competency, advisory sales competency, and skill & knowledge competency. AHP analysis was performed for analyzing the relative importance of B2B salesperson competency based on the factors of previous studies, in which categorization of the aforementioned types had been done. As the result, first, it has been confirmed that there is a difference in 1st layer main factors between the supplier group and buyer group. The supplier group valued the advisory sales competency, while the buyer group valued skill & knowledge competency. Second, it has been proved that there is same result of relative importance in 2nd detailed factors between the supplier group and buyer group. Both group confirmed that customer member, identify customer needs and communication skill are very important factors. Third, as the result of analysis on the gap between B2B salesperson competency of the suppliers and buyers, the gap in the product knowledge and sales team member need improvement for buyer's satisfaction according to overall results of relative importance and priority. The steel supplier was able to develop B2B salesperson competency according to the buyers' needs based on the result of this study, and furthermore it is expected that this study will be able to contribute to increase in buyer competitiveness through differentiation in B2B salesperson competency.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제21권8호
• /
• pp.965-975
• /
• 2012

Loading of NPS pollutant was valued through simulation by using BASINS/HSPF model which can simulate runoff volume in rainfall by time. For the verification of the model, it was analyzed the scatter diagram of the simulation value and measure value of water quality and runoff volume in Dongcheon estuary. Using the built model, a study on the time-variant characteristics of runoff and water quality was simulated by being classified into four cases. The result showed the simulation value was nearly same as that of the measured runoff. In the result of fit level test for measured value and simulated value, correlation of runoff volume was computed high by average 0.86 and in the water quality items, fit level of simulation and measurements was high by BOD 0.82, T-N 0.85 and T-P 0.79.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.655-672
• /
• 2011

Let $C^r$[0,t] be the function space of the vector-valued continuous paths x : [0,t] ${\rightarrow}$ $R^r$ and define $X_t$ : $C^r$[0,t] ${\rightarrow}$ $R^{(n+1)r}$ and $Y_t$ : $C^r$[0,t] ${\rightarrow}$ $R^{nr}$ by $X_t(x)$ = (x($t_0$), x($t_1$), ..., x($t_{n-1}$), x($t_n$)) and $Y_t$(x) = (x($t_0$), x($t_1$), ..., x($t_{n-1}$)), respectively, where 0 = $t_0$ < $t_1$ < ... < $t_n$ = t. In the present paper, with the conditioning functions $X_t$ and $Y_t$, we introduce two simple formulas for the conditional expectations over $C^r$[0,t], an analogue of the r-dimensional Wiener space. We establish evaluation formulas for the analogues of the analytic Wiener and Feynman integrals for the function $G(x)=\exp{{\int}_0^t{\theta}(s,x(s))d{\eta}(s)}{\psi}(x(t))$, where ${\theta}(s,{\cdot})$ and are the Fourier-Stieltjes transforms of the complex Borel measures on ${\mathbb{R}}^r$. Using the simple formulas, we evaluate the analogues of the conditional analytic Wiener and Feynman integrals of the functional G.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제29권7C호
• /
• pp.937-945
• /
• 2004

잡음 제거에 사용되는 이진 결정 모델은 단지 이분적인 구분만을 수행하기 때문에 잡음에 대한 신호의 정확한 비율을 측정하기 어려운 단점이 있다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위하여 복잡한 통계 모델 및 다운샘플링이 되지 않은 웨이블릿 변환을 사용하는 것이 일반적이다. 본 논문에서는 잡음 영상에서 잡음의 정도를 측정할 수 있는 다수준 결정 모델을 이용한 잡음 제거 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 잡음에 대한 신호의 비율을 다수준 값의 형태로 계산할 수 있기 때문에 직교 웨이블릿 변환으로 좋은 잡음 제거 성능을 나타낼 수 있다. 모의실험 결과를 통하여 본 논문의 방법이 직교 웨이블릿 변환을 사용한 최신의 잡음 제거 방법보다 PSNR 측면에서 평균적으로 0.ldB 정도 우수한 성능을 나타낸다는 것을 보여준다.