• ETRI Journal
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.479-481
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• 2010

An optimal multiuser detection algorithm with a computational complexity of O(K log K) is proposed for the class of linear multiple-access systems which have constant cross-correlation values. Here the optimal multiuser detection is implemented by searching for a monotone sequence with maximum likelihood, under the ranking of sufficient statistics. The proposed algorithm is intuitive and concise. It is carried out in just two steps, and at each step only one kind of operation is performed. Also, the proposed algorithm can be extended to more complex systems having more than a single cross-correlation value.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 소프트웨어 제품 테스팅 과정에서 관측고장시간에 근거한 결함 발생률을 고려한 소프트웨어 신뢰성 모형에 대하여 연구 하였다. 신뢰성 분야에서 많이 사용되는 S-분포모형을 이용한 새로운 결함 확률을 추가한 문제를 제시하였다. 수명분포는 유한고장 비동질적인 포아송과정을 이용하였다 본 논문의 결함 발생률을 고려한 소프트웨어 고장 자료 분석에서는 고장 시간 자료를 적용하였으며 모수추정 방법은 최우추정법을 이용하여 결함 발생 확률에 대한 관계와 신뢰도를 추정 하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권7A호
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• pp.628-638
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• 2005

The analysis of maximum diversity order and coding gain for multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems over time-and frequency-selective (or doubly-selective) channels is addressed in this paper. A novel channel time-space correlation function is developed given the spatially correlated doubly-selective Rayleigh fading channel model. Based on this channel-model assumption, the upper-bound of pairwise error probability (PEP) for MIMO-OFDM systems is derived under the maximum likelihood (ML) detection. For a certain space-frequency code, we quantify the maximum diversity order and deduce the expression of coding gain. In this wort the impact of channel time selectivity is especially studied and a new definition of time diversity is illustrated correspondingly

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권2A호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2009

Spectral efficiency of current two-phase cooperative communications protocols is low since in the second time the relay forwards the same signal received from the source to the destination, the source keeps silent in this time. In this paper, we propose a novel cooperative communications protocol where the signal needed to transmit to the destination is sent in both phases, the source and the relay also transmit different signal to the destination thus no loss of spectral efficiency. This protocol performs signal selection based on log-likelihood ratio (LLR) at relay and maximum likelihood (ML) detection at destination. While existing protocols pay for a worse performance than direct transmission in the low SNR regime which is of special interest in ad hoc networks, ours is better over the whole range of SNR. In addition, the proposal takes advantages of bandwidth efficiency, long delay and interference among many terminals in ad hoc network. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol can significantly save total energy for wireless ad hoc networks.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1996

The goal of this research is to provide a practical algorithm for outlining the left ventricular cavity in digital subtraction angiography. The proposed algorithm is based on the elliptic approximation and ML (Maximum Likelihood) estimate, and it produces a good results regarding execution time, robustness against noise, accuracy, and range of position of ROI (Regions Of Interest).

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권12C호
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• pp.1200-1208
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• 2003

비디오 데이터에 존재하는 감정을 처리하는 것은 지능적인 인간과 컴퓨터와의 상호작용을 위해서 매우 중요한 일이다. 이러한 감정을 추출하기 위해서는 비디오로부터 감정에 관련된 특징들을 검출하기 위한 컴퓨팅 모델을 구축하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 논문에서는 비디오 셧에 존재하는 저급 특징들의 확률적인 분포를 이용하여 감정 이벤트 발생에 관련된 통계학적인 모델을 제안한다. 즉, 비디오 셧의 기본적인 특징을 추출하고 그 특징을 통계적으로 모델화 하여 감정을 유발하는 셧을 찾아낸다. 비디오 셧의 특징으로는 칼라, 카메라 모션 및 셧 길이의 변화를 이용한다. 이러한 특징들을 EM(Expectation Maximization) 알고리즘을 이용하여 GMM(Gaussian Mixture Model) 으로 모델링하고, 감정과 시간과의 관계를 MLE(Maximum Likelihood Estimation)를 이용하여 시간에 따른 확률분포 모델로 구성한다. 이런 두 개의 통계적인 모델들을 융합하여 베이시안 분류법을 적용하여 비디오 데이터로부터 감정에 관련된 셧을 찾아낸다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.523-537
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• 2011

A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve plots the true positive rate of a classier against its false positive rate, both of which are accuracy measures of the classier. The ROC curve has several interesting geometrical properties, including concavity which is a necessary condition for a classier to be optimal. In this paper, we study the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) of a concave ROC curve and its modification to reduce bias. We characterize the NPMLE as a solution to a geometric programming, a special type of a mathematical optimization problem. We find that the NPMLE is close to the convex hull of the empirical ROC curve and, thus, has smaller variance but positive bias at a given false positive rate. To reduce the bias, we propose a modification of the NPMLE which minimizes the $L_1$ distance from the empirical ROC curve. We numerically compare the finite sample performance of three estimators, the empirical ROC curve, the NMPLE, and the modified NPMLE. Finally, we apply the estimators to estimating the optimal ROC curve of the variance-threshold classier to segment a low depth of field image and to finding a diagnostic tool with multiple tests for detection of hemophilia A carrier.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2013

반응변수의 변환을 고려하는 부분선형모형에서 이상치 문제는 선형모형에서와 마찬가지로 반응변수 변환모수의 추정에 왜곡된 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해서는 부분선형모형에서 반응변수 변환 모수 추정과 이상치 탐지 과정이 수행되어야 하지만 모형에 포함된 비모수 함수의 비정형성에 따른 어려움이 크다. 본 연구에서는 부분선형모형의 비모수함수에 대한 추정과 순차적 검정, 최대절사우도추정 등과 같은 이상치 제거방법의 적용을 통하여 부분선형모형에서 이상치에 강건한 반응변수 변환 과정을 제안한다. 제안된 방법들은 모의실험과 예제를 통해 효과를 비교 검증한다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.922-927
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 다중 안테나 시스템(Multiple Input Multiple Output: MIMO)를 사용하는 상향 링크 다중 사용자 환경에서 공간 변조(Spatial Modulation: SM) 기법을 사용하고, 변조된 신호를 수신 신호와 모든 송신 신호 후보를 비교하는 최대 우도(Maximum Likelihood: ML) 기법으로 복조하는 방법을 사용하여 시스템의 성능을 평가한다. 같은 데이터 율(date rate)로 전송하였을 때 공간 변조 기법이 기존에 제안된 다중 사용자 환경에서의 공간편이 방식(Space Shift Keying: SSK)보다 비트오류율(Bit Error Rate: BER) 성능이 좋아졌다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.2371-2376
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• 2021

As the γ-ray energy increases, a reconstructed image becomes noisy and blurred due to the penetration of the γ-ray through the coded mask. Therefore, the thickness of the coded mask was increased for high energy regions, resulting in severely decreased the performance of the detection efficiency due to self-collimation by the mask. In order to overcome the limitation, a modified uniformly redundant array γ-ray imaging system using dual anti-mask method was developed, and its performance was compared and evaluated in high-energy radiation region. In the dual anti-mask method, the two shadow images, including the subtraction of background events, can simultaneously contribute to the reconstructed image. Moreover, the reconstructed images using each shadow image were integrated using a hybrid update maximum likelihood expectation maximization (h-MLEM). Using the quantitative evaluation method, the performance of the dual anti-mask method was compared with the previously developed collimation methods. As the shadow image which was subtracted the background events leads to a higher-quality reconstructed image, the reconstructed image of the dual anti-mask method showed high performance among the three collimation methods. Finally, the quantitative evaluation method proves that the performance of the dual anti-mask method was better than that of the previously reconstruction methods.