• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2020

There are many results for Zadeh's max-min composition operators based on Zadeh's extension principle. We calculate Zadeh's max-min composition operators for two triangular fuzzy numbers defined on ℝ.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.67-84
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• 2010

미래에 대한 정확한 예측은 경영자, 또는 기업이 수행하는 경영의사결정에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 예측만 정확하다면 경영의사결정의 질은 매우 높아질 수 있을 것이다. 하지만 점점 가속화되고 있는 경영 환경의 변화로 말미암아 미래 예측을 정확하게 하는 일은 점점 더 어려워지고 있다. 이에 기업에서는 정확한 예측을 위하여 전문가의 휴리스틱뿐만 아니라 과학적 예측모형을 함께 활용하여 예측의 성과를 높이는 노력을 해 오고 있다. 본 연구는 사례기반추론모형을 예측을 위한 기본 모형으로 설정하고, 데이터 간의 유사도 측정에 퍼지 관계의 개념을 적용함으로써 개선된 예측성과를 얻고자 하였다. 특히, 독립변수 중 기호 데이터 형식의 속성을 가지는 변수들간의 유사도를 측정하기 위해 이진논리의 개념(일치여부의 판단)과 퍼지 관계 및 합성의 개념을 이용하여 도출된 유사도 매트릭스를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 기호 데이터 형식의 속성을 가지는 변수들 간의 유사도 측정에서 퍼지 관계 및 합성의 개념을 적용하는 방법이 이진논리의 개념을 적용하는 방법과 비교하여 더 우수한 예측정확성을 나타내었다. 그러나 유사도 측정을 위해 다양한 퍼지합성방법(Max-min 합성, Max-product 합성, Max-average 합성)을 적용하여 예측하는 경우에는 예측정확성 측면에서 퍼지 합성방법 간의 통계적인 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구는 사례기반추론 모형의 구축에서 가장 중요한 유사도 측정에 있어서 퍼지 관계 및 퍼지 합성의 개념을 적용함으로써 유사도 측정 및 적용 방법론을 제시하였다는데 의의가 있다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.545-551
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• 2012

중년 비만여성들을 대상으로 다리 근육의 정맥 혈류를 제한한 가압 걷기 트레이닝 그룹 15명으로 연구대상자를 선정하여 3주간의 가압 걷기 트레이닝을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 가압 걷기 트레이닝을 통해 LBM에서 트레이닝 전보다 후에 1.2 kg이 증가, FM과 %fat에서는 각각 2.8 kg, 3.3% 감소하였으며, 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 나타냈다($p$<0.05). 둘째, 가압 걷기 트레이닝을 통해 $VO_2max$와 VEmax에서 트레이닝 전보다 후에 각각 3.6 ml/kg/min, 6.0 l/min 증가하였고, HRmax에서는 7 beat/min으로 감소하였으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 나타냈다($p$<0.05). 셋째, 가압 걷기 트레이닝을 통해 심혈관 반응에서 트레이닝 전보다 후에서 운동 강도가 증가함에 따라 CO과 TVC가 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 나타냈다($p$<0.05). 이상의 결과로부터 가압 걷기 트레이닝을 통해서 호흡 순환계 및 심혈관 기능의 증가와 근육량 증가에 따른 체성분의 변화를 유발할 수 있다는 것을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 향후 연구에서는 연구대상자의 범위를 넓혀 노년층까지 효과를 검증하는 연구와 3주 이상의 운동을 적용시키면 보다 높은 임상학적 효과가 나타날 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.220-225
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• 2011

304 stainless steel plate was colored by hot dip and electrochemical treatment in a solution containing sulphuric and chromic acids. In the process, treatment variables such as operating time and methode were changed. The surface characteristics that changed by the treatment of the samples such as surface composition, oxide film thickness, color, surface roughness and reflectivity were studied. Surface composition was varied as follows. Fe was decreased, but Cr and O were increased. Ni was increased until 20 min, but reveals decreasing tendency as time passed after that. These means the surface film becomes chrome rich oxide phase as the treatment times increase. The thickness of film was about 220 nm at 30 min by dip treatment and it reduced as the treatment times increased. On the other hand, the thickness was about 150 nm at 10 min by electrochemical method and it doesn't increased with time. Surface color changed from metallic white of the base plate to gray, black, red, and green-blue, gradually, as the treating time increased. The reflectivity of colored surface measured by UVVIS-NIR spectrophotometer was reduced from max 38% of basis metal to min 3.5%.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2015

In this study, ternary compound Max Phase $Ti_2AlC$ material was mixed by 3D ball milling as a function of ball milling time. More than 99.5 wt% pure $Ti_2AlC$ was synthesized by using spark plasma sintering method at 1000, 1100, 1200, and $1300^{\circ}C$ for 60 min. The material characteristics of synthesized samples were examined with relative density, hardness, and electrical conductivity as a function of sintering temperature. The phase composition of bulk was identified by X-ray diffraction. On the basis of FE-SEM result, a terraced structures which consists of several laminated layers were observed. And $Ti_2AlC$ bulk material obtained a vickers hardness of 5.1 GPa at the sintering temperature of $1100^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.181-187
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• 1997

The purpose of this work was to investigate pharmacokinetics of alcohol as a function of dose and time of administration of ethanol. The pharmacokinetics of alcohol 15 min after and before oral administration of aspartate-containing compositions to rats were also evaluated. The retention time of acetaldehyde, alcohol and isopropyl alcohol an internal standard in gas chromatogram was 3.6, 6.0 and 10.5 min, respectively. The maximum concentration of alcohol $(C_{max})$ and area under the blood concentration (AUC) were significanly increased as a function of ethanol dose in a nonlinear fashion. The significant diurnal variation of alcohol pharmacokinetics was also noted, showing fast metabolism and elimination when given orally in the night time. When APAP was given after administration alcohol (1g/kg) to rats, AUC and $C_{max}$ were increased when compared to alcohol only. However, AUC and $C_{max}$ were decreased when aspartate or standard complex compositions containing aceaminophen (APAP, 250mg). sodium L-aspartate(25 mg), dl-methionine (125 mg) and anhydrous caffeine (25 mg) was orally given by coupling malate/asparate shuttle in hepatocyte. The blood alcohol concentration profiles between aspartate and standard complex compositions were similar when given before or after administration alcohol (1g/kg) to rats. No significant difference of administration sequence was observed. However, it was noted that AUC and $C_{max}$ of standard complex compositions given before alcohol administration were significantly lower when compared with alcohol only. Based on these findings, dose, time of administration and composition of drugs to improve alcohol metabolism and elimination were considered to be important in the pharmacokinetics of alcohol. The administration sequence of drug compositions and alcohol might be also considerd.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국약용작물학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.78-79
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• 2007

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국약용작물학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.45-46
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• 2007

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics such as spatial composition, areas, location of functional unit space and comparing the type and the number of operating programs by type of managements of multipurpose senior center in Youngnam metro area. first, the consignation management facilities had functional unit space of 152 things and the direct management facilities had 115 things. When comparing average areas composition ratio, direct management is public welfare, social education, public part, medical and rehabilitation order and consignation management is public part, social education, public welfare and rest part order. Second, medical part must be located around the first floor or the elevator, because many people can frequently use this area at the same time. Third, as a result of analysis of management programs indicated that the total number of programs is as a whole 74 things a range of $min12\~max20$ in the each direct management facilities and 111 things a range of $min20\~max24$ in the each in the each consignation management facilities. This fact shows that consignation management provided many people with more various programs than direct management. Finally, the number of staff in the direct management is less than consignation management. When comparing programs per staff and space, the direct and consignation management each appeared (2.74, 0.64) and (1.35, 0.73). This fact implied that the consignation management was more specialized than direct management in the service and function.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.151-159
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• 1998

자동차 모터 작동시에 사용되는 전류 제어 소자의 써미스터 조성을 개발하기 위하여 $BaTiO_3$에 첨가제로써 $Y_{2}O_{3}CaO,SiO_{2}$ 및 Mn을 선정하여 실험하였다. 0.2mol%의 $Y_{2}O_3$, 첨가에서 가장 낮은 상온 저항 16.5${\Omega}{\cdot}$cm를, 1.6mol% $SiO_2$ 첨가에서 50${\Omega}{\cdot}$cm를 보였다. 5mol%의 Ca를 Ba와 치환한 조성에서는 결정립의 크기가 34.95${\mu}$m에서 13.4${\mu}$m로 감소하였으며, 0.04mol% Mn에서 상온저항 및 ${\rho}_{max}/{\rho}_{min}$가 각각 30~40${\Omega}{\cdot}$cm, $1.5{\times}10^5$의 우수한 특성을 나타내었다.