• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.5 s.57
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• pp.101-108
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• 2009

Mathematical basis of interpretation of data from nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods in condition assessment of structures is presented. In structural inspection with NDE methods, NDE data are not directly used for the condition assessment. Instead, NDE data must be interpreted as condition of inspected element. Correct assessments of conditions depend on many factors such as the inaccuracy and the variability in NDE measurements and the uncertainty in correlation between attributes (what is measured) and conditions (what is sought in the inspection). A full description of the performance of NDE methods considers the relation of test data to conditions of elements. The quality of the test itself is important, but equally important is the interpretation that occurs after the test. The effects of variability in test data and uncertainty in correlations of attributes and conditions are presented in three examples of field testing methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.79-85
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• 2022

Various non-face-to-face services are being activated due to the influence of the Corona 19 virus around the world. However, unlike the rapid development of delivery services, social awareness of delivery services is causing many problems. Therefore, in this study, we analyze the quality attributes of delivery services from the consumer's point of view, and based on the results, we try to derive a direction for service improvement. In this study, quality factors were established through interviews and surveys with actual consumers, and quality attributes were classified through the Kano model and Timko's customer satisfaction coefficient. "Attractive" is ('Ease of ordering, Accurate delivery to the designated place'), "One Dimensional" is ('Variety of payment methods, Accurate delivery on time, Accurate delivery of ordered food, Degree of non-deformation of packaging conditions, etc., Convenience of use time'), "Must be" is ('Kindness of the delivery person'), "Reverse" is ('provision of services, service response to order discrepancies'). This study has academic significance in that it compensated for the disadvantage of not being able to interpret the mathematical meaning of the Kano model with Teamco's customer satisfaction coefficient. It also has practical implications in that it provides an indirect clue to future improvement directions.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-32
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the competitiveness of ports in ASEAN(Association of Southeast Asian Nations), which plays a leading role in basing the hub of global logistics strategies as a countermeasure in changes of logistics environments. This region represents most severe competition among Mega Hub ports in the world in terms of container cargo throughput at the onset of the 21st century. The research method in this study accounted for overlapping between attributes, and introduced the HFP method that can perform mathematical operations. The scope of this study was strictly confined to the ports of ASEAN, which cover the top 100 of 350 container ports that were presented in Containerization International Yearbook 2002 with reference to container throughput. The results of this study show Singapore in the number one position. Even when we compare with major ports in Korea (after getting comparative ratings and applying the same data and evaluation structure), the number one position still goes to Singapore and then Busan(2) and Manila(2), followed by Port Klang(4), Tanjung Priok(5), Tanjung Perak(6), Bangkok(7), Inchon(8), Laem Chabang(9) and Penang(9). In terms of the main contributions of this study, it is the first empirical study to apply the combined attributes of detailed and representative attributes into the advanced HFP model which was enhanced by the KJ method to evaluate the port competitiveness in ASEAN. Up-to-now, none has comprehensively conducted researches with sophisticated port methodology that has discussed a variety of changes in port development and terminal transfers of major shipping lines in the region. Moreover, through the comparative evaluation among major ports in Korea and ASEAN, the presentation of comparative competitiveness for Korean ports is a great achievement in this study. In order to reinforce this study, it needs further compensative research, including cost factors which could not be applied to modeling the subject ports by lack of consistently quantified data in ASEAN.

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.651-674
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• 2011

Functional thinking is a central topic in school mathematics and the purpose of teaching functional thinking is to develop student's functional thinking ability. Functional thinking which has to be taught in elementary school must be the thinking in terms of phenomenon which has attributes of 'connection'- assignment and dependence. The qualitative methods for evaluation of development of functional thinking can be based on students' activities which are related to functional thinking. With this purpose, teachers have to provide students with paradigm of the functional situation connected to the other subjects which have attributes of 'connection' and guide them by proper questions. Therefore, the aim of this study is to find teaching method for functional thinking by situation posing connected with other subject. We suggest the following ways for functional situation posing though the process of three steps : preparation, adaption and reflection of functional situation posing. At the first stage of preparation for functional situation, teacher should investigate student's environment, mathematical knowledge and level of functional thinking. With this purpose, teachers analyze various curriculum which can be used for teaching functional thinking, extract functional situation among them and investigate the utilization of functional situation as follows : ${\cdot}$ Using meta-plan, ${\cdot}$ Using mathematical journal, ${\cdot}$ Using problem posing ${\cdot}$ Designing teacher's questions which can activate students' functional thinking. For this, teachers should be experts on functional thinking. At the second stage of adaption, teacher may suggest the following steps : free exploration ${\longrightarrow}$ guided exploration ${\longrightarrow}$ expression of formalization ${\longrightarrow}$ application and feedback. Because we demand new teaching model which can apply the contents of other subjects to the mathematic class. At the third stage of reflection, teacher should prepare analysis framework of functional situation during and after students' products as follows : meta-plan, mathematical journal, problem solving. Also teacher should prepare the analysis framework analyzing student's respondence.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.441-457
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• 2014

This study starts with the idea that Korean mathematical word 'byon' which means 'side' of polygons or angles is very ambiguous. The purpose of this study is to make the concept and range of 'byon' clear and to suggest the ideas which can help children understand the concept of 'byon'. For this, various dictionary and the past Korean mathematics curriculums are reviewed. As a result, two attributes 'byon' has are identified and some reasons which block children from understanding 'byon' are detected in its introduction method of mathematics text books and inkhorn of the mathematical term. Finally, two different ideas for helping children understand the concept 'byon' are suggested based on the conclusion of this research.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.543-567
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• 2008

The current 2007 Mathematics Curriculum in Korea emphasizes mathematical problem solving, advanced mathematical thinking and effective mathematical communicating. Therefore, in order to assess and evaluate these important thinking attributes, performance evaluation using descriptive and essay type of assessments are emphasized. In this paper, analysis of the elementary mathematics curriculum is used to develop descriptive assessment problems and grading rubrics that could be used objectively and consistently by teachers of the grade 6 school mathematics. The assessment problems were developed, pilot tested, revised, implemented and analyzed in detail to understand the overall effectiveness of the descriptive evaluation method in school mathematics.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.141-155
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• 2010

We develop an intelligent information system in a multilayer electronic supply chain network. Using the internet for supply chain management (SCM) is a key interest for contemporary managers and researchers. It has been realized that the internet can facilitate SCM by making real time information available and enabling collaboration between trading partners. Here, we propose a multi-agent system to analyze the performance of the elements of a supply network based on the attributes of the information flow. Each layer consists of elements which are differentiated by their performance throughout the supply network. The proposed agents measure and record the performance flow of elements considering their web interactions for a dynamic route selection. A dynamic programming approach is applied to determine the optimal route for a customer in the end-user layer.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.307-322
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• 1992

For designing the radar integrated data network, we construct the network structure with a spatial hieratchy decomposition scheme. The RIDN can be decomposed into several subent classes, those of which are composed of the several group classes of radar sites, In a group class. The communication nodes of a radar site are modeled by the software modules formulated with the statistical attributes of discrete events. And we get the analysis over the network through the separately constructed infra group level models which were coded with the C language.From the result of the simulation. We could findthe fact that the data integration system;s performance approaches to the theordtically calculated value after being stable. And also we could get the packet processing status of a communication module’s inner processor which is difficult to oberve through the mathematical calculation tin the subnet model of the integrated data network.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2004.07b
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• pp.620-624
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• 2004

Th is paper presents a systematical approach to study carrier based PWM techniques (CPWM) in diode-clamped and cascade multilevel inverters by using the proposed multi-modulating pattern method. This method is based on the vector correlation between CPWM and space vector PWM (SVPWM) and applicable to both multilevel inverter topologies. The CPWM technique can be described in a general mathematical equation, and obtain the same outputs similarly as of corresponding SVPWM. Control of the fundamental voltage, vector redundancies and phase redundancies in multilevel inverter can be formulated separately in the CPWM equation. The deduced CPWM can obtain a full vector redundancy control, and fully utilize phase redundancy in a cascade inverter. In the paper, CPWM equations and corresponding algorithm for generating multi-modulating signals will be performed, in which SVPWM attributes will be presented by corresponding controllable factors.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.407-414
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• 2010

This paper proposes a probability measure for the evaluation of relay performance from two aspects, namely, correct trip and no-unwanted trip. They are developed based on the relationship between relay settings and relay measurements, which follow a Gaussian probability model. The proposed method based on strict mathematical derivation is applied to protection capability evaluation of distance relays under various settings. Considering the specific attributes of each protection zone, the optimal settings are also determined accordingly. The protection capability could demonstrate clearly the relay performance under various settings and the optimal settings could provide good references for engineering applications.