• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2005.11b
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• pp.236-244
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• 2005

Radioactive wastes arising from a wide range of human activities are in many different physical and chemical forms, contaminated with varying radioactivity. Their common feature is the potential hazard associated with their radioactivity and the need to manage them in such a way as to protect the human environment. The geological disposal is regarded as the most reasonable and effective way to safely disposal high-level radioactive wastes in the world. The conceptual model of geological disposal in China is based on a multi-barrier system that combines an isolating geological environment with an engineered barrier system. The buffer is one of the main engineered barriers for HLW repository. The buffer material is expected to maintain its low water permeability, self-sealing property, radio nuclides adsorption and retardation property, thermal conductivity, chemical buffering property, overpack supporting property, stress buffering property over a long period of time. Benotite is selected as the main content of buffer material that can satisfy above. GMZ deposit is selected as the candidate supplier for Chinese buffer material of High Level Radioactive waste repository. This paper presents geological features of GMZ deposit and basic property of GMZ Na bentonite. GMZ bentonite deposit is a super large scale deposits with high content of Montmorillonite (about $75\%$) and GMZ-l, which is Na-bentonite produced from GMZ deposit is selected as reference material for Chinese buffer material study.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.455-492
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• 2009

(Background) Recent biotechnological breakthroughs are shedding new lights on various ethical and legal issues about human biological material. Since Rudolph Virchow, a German pathologist, had founded the medical discipline of cellular pathology, issues centering around human biological materials began to draw attention. The issues involving human biological materials were revisited with more attention along with series concerns when the human genome map was finally completed. Recently, with researches on human genes and bioengineering reaping enormous commercial values in the form of material patent, such changes require a society to reassess the present and future status of human tissue within the legal system. This in turn gave rise to a heated debate over how to protect the rights of material donors: property rule vs. no property rule. (Debate and Cases) Property rule recognizes the donors' property rights on human biological materials. Thus, donors can claim real action if there were any bleach of informed consent or a donation contract. Donors can also claim damages to the responsible party when there is an infringement of property rights. Some even uphold the concept of material patents overtaking. From the viewpoint of no property rule, human biological materials are objects separated from donors. Thus, a recipient or a third party will be held liable if there were any infringement of donor's human rights. Human biological materials should not be commercially traded and a patent based on a human biological materials research does not belong to the donor of the tissues used during the course of research. In the US, two courts, Moore v. Regents of the University of California, and Greenberg v. Miami Children's Hospital Research Institute, Inc., have already decided that research participants retain no ownership of the biological specimens they contribute to medical research. Significantly, both Moore and Greenberg cases found that the researcher had parted with all ownership rights in the tissue samples when they donated them to the institutions, even though there was no provision in the informed consent forms stating either that the participants donated their tissue or waived their rights to ownership of the tissue. These rulings were led to huge controversy over property rights on human tissues. This research supports no property rule on the ground that it can protect the human dignity and prevent humans from objectification and commercialization. Human biological materials are already parted from human bodies and should be treated differently from the engineering and researches of those materials. Donors do not retain any ownership. (Suggestions) No property rule requires a legal breakthrough in the US in terms of donors' rights protection due to the absence of punitive damages provisions. The Donor rights issue on human biological material can be addressed through prospective legislation or tax policies, price control over patent products, and wider coverage of medical insurance. (Conclusions) Amid growing awareness over commercial values of human biological materials, no property rule should be adopted in order to protect human dignity but not without revamping legal provisions. The donors' rights issue in material patents requires prospective legislation based on current uncertainties. Also should be sought are solutions in the social context and all these discussions should be based on sound medical ethics of both medical staffs and researchers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.291-297
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• 2003

With the development of information communication technology, the demands for various, profound and advanced information on science and technology and the necessity for establishing science and technology information infrastructure with the aim of future oriented industry are ever increasing. Advanced countries are providing material property DB as well as bibliographic DB though the Internet. Establishment and dissemination of bibliographic DB at domestic is properly settled but research on material property DB is much to be desired. Accordingly, development and research on material property DB to construct the information infrastructure in science and technology are highly necessary. In this study, we have developed superconducting materials property DB which is highly advanced industry field in future. We provide the thermal and mechanical, and superconducting property data for oxide superconductors, and the database is designed by bibliographic information, material information and material property information section.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2009

There are increasing developments and uses of functional building materials are recently developed and introduced to the test method for the materials. Especially, moisture problem has a major role are also being established in indoor air quality problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water vapour adsorption/desorption property of a ceiling material. The variation of the temperature and moisture were measured with the application materials by mock up test based on JIS 1470-1. The result shows that water vapour adsorption/desorption property of ceiling material is appeared in changes of moisture adsorption and desorption in comparison with that of a general ceiling material. Therefore, in case of decreasing and increasing in humidity, these materials can be used as an finishing material to sustain comfort condition.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.293-310
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• 2012

This paper discusses a new constitutive model called the high-rate brittle microplane (HRBM) model and also presents the details of a new software package called the Virtual Materials Laboratory (VML). The VML software package was developed to address the challenges of fitting complex material models such as the HRBM model to material property test data and to study the behavior of those models under a wide variety of stress- and strain-paths. VML employs Continuous Evolutionary Algorithms (CEA) in conjunction with gradient search methods to create automatic fitting algorithms to determine constitutive model parameters. The VML code is used to fit the new HRBM model to a well-characterized conventional strength concrete called WES5000. Finally, the ability of the new HRBM model to provide high-fidelity simulations of material property experiments is demonstrated by comparing HRBM simulations to laboratory material property data.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2013

This paper presents a survey results on the material properties sharing system database on composite in USA. The requirements on management and database for Korean composite product that meet KAS (Korean Airworthiness Standard) are suggested. The certification policy on composite material qualification of also introduced. The benefits to material supplier, aircraft manufacturer and certification authority, which get through the database have been considered. The database managing process, composite material manufacturing process, properties and design allowable meeting KAS have been suggested.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.769-776
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• 2012

The damage analysis method in this paper needs a material property and failure criteria. The material properties and the failure criteria could be easily obtained from the results of notched bar tensile tests carried out on other materials studied previously. However, for the cast stainless steel (CF8M) material in this paper, because of the variance in the results from notched bar tensile tests under the same conditions, the material property and the failure criteria could be obtained differently, depending on the analyzer. Therefore, a proper procedure that can confirm the material property and failure criteria are needed. In this work, the averaged material property was obtained from the notched bar with a 16-mm notch radius, and three failure criteria for CF8M material by finite element analysis were obtained. Applying the material property and the failure criteria, FE damage analysis for the J-R fracture toughness test was conducted. For validation, the simulated results were compared with the experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.154-157
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• 2005

MLRS is the weapon system which has been mass-produced since 2004. MLRS launch tube has developed and produced independently refer to the facilities and process condition of General Dynamics Co, USA. The purpose of this research is base establishment for the launch tube performance improvement and application of another weapon system. Research performed about material property, process condition, and structural property.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.164-164
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• 2009

This paper had analyzed property of LED chip which has appropriate distribution and had designed modeling in order to experiment optical property of LED module through simulation. also throughout error value between street light and simulation data, precisive simulation could be inferred. as a consequent, transformation of optical property had henceforth verified the first value of module array.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.74-79
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• 2010

Automotive industries are interested in material development with low weight and recycling. Grommet is made from EPDM at rubber and used as an automotive component. The nonlinear material properties of rubber are important to predict the behaviors of rubber product. This study concerns material property test to achieve stress-strain curve. Curve fitting is carried out to obtain the nonlinear material constant. The nonlinear material constants of rubber are used for the nonlinear finite element analysis. The results of finite element analysis is executed to predict the behavior property of grommet.