• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.541-550
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• 2022

Filamentous marine fungi have proven to be a plentiful source of new natural products. Chaetomium, a widely distributed fungal genus in the marine environment, has gained much interest within the scientific community. In the last 20 years, many potential secondary metabolites have been detected from marine-derived Chaetomium. In this review, we attempt to provide a comprehensive summary of the natural products produced by marine-derived Chaetomium species. A total of 122 secondary metabolites that were described from 2001 to 2021 are covered. The structural diversity of the compounds, along with details of the sources and relevant biological properties are also provided, while the relationships between structures and their bioactivities are discussed. It is our expectation that this review will be of benefit to drug development and innovation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.675-680
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• 2009

There is considerable interest in the isolation of potent radical scavenging compounds from natural resources to treat diseases involving oxidative stress. In this report, four new fungal metabolites including one new bisdihydroanthracenone derivative (1, eurorubrin), two new seco-anthraquinone derivatives [3, 2-O-methyl-9-dehydroxyeurotinone and 4, 2-O-methyl-4-O-(${\alpha}$-D-ribofuranosyl)-9-dehydroxyeurotinone], and one new anthraquinone glycoside [6,3-O-(${\alpha}$-D-ribofuranosyl)-questin], were isolated and identified from Eurotium rubrum, an endophytic fungal strain that was isolated from the inner tissue of the stem of the marine mangrove plant Hibiscus tiliaceus. In addition, three known compounds including asperflavin (2), 2-0-methyleurotinone (5), and questin (7) were also isolated and identified. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.73-76
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• 2007

A large number of natural products were worldwidely discovered from maine organisms. There are many secondary metabolites produced by maine organisms which showed very strong bio-activities and distinct bio-active mechanisms. In korea, about 350 secondary metabolites including more than 280 novel compounds have been isolated and structually defined. Many researches for developing products such as cosmetics, functional food materials, anti-fouling substances are being performed using distinct activities of marine organisms. Although the research on marine natural products has been remained at its initial or developing stage of drug development, significant progress has been made for isolation, structure determination and bioassay of secondary metabolites.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.150-154
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• 2009

We examined ethanol extracts prepared from the Korean marine algae belonging to the Sargassaceae family for their inhibitory effects on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity and free radicals in vitro. Among five marine algae, the extracts of Sargassum yezoense were found to possess strongly ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition and free radicals scavenging activities. Two compounds were isolated via bioactivity guided isolation and tested for their effects on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, DPPH, $ABTS^{+}$ and $Photochem^{(R)}$ analysis. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectral analysis and direct comparison with authentic compounds; their structures were identified as sargaquinoic acid (1) and sargahydroquinoic acid (2). The inhibitory effects of compound 1 and 2 ($IC_{50}$ value:14.2 and 12.8 ${\mu}M$, respectively) on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase were more potent that of deoxynojirimycin as a positive control ($IC_{50}$ value:18.0 ${\mu}M$). All compounds displayed antioxidative activity which was measured by DPPH, $ABTS^{+}$ and $Photochem^{(R)}$ apparatus.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.942-945
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• 2006

A novel quinone derivative, Griseusin C (1), along with a known quinone, Naphthoquinone C (2), was isolated from the lyophilized culture broth of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. The structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D-and 2D-NMR, as well as HRESIMS, spectroscopic analysis. The relative stereochemistries of the compounds were assessed by NOESY analysis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.202-205
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• 2014

Three compounds including 7,7-bis(3-indolyl)-p-cresol (1), cyclo-(S-Pro-R-Leu) (2) and cyclo-(S-Pro-R-Val) (3) were isolated from the strain of Bacillus megaterium LC derived from the marine sponge Haliclona oculata. All the isolated compounds showed antimicrobial activity at MIC values ranging from 0.005 to $5{\mu}g/mL$ against Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus, gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus and Micrococcus luteus, and the dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The results suggested that these compounds might have potential to be developed as agents treating dermatosis and controlling vibriosis in aquaculture.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.225-231
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• 2006

The secondary metabolites from Taiwanese marine soft corals and sponges have attracted much attention because they possess considerable potential biological activities. To explore the origin of bioactivity, many cytotoxic natural products were isolated and characterized in the past few years. For examples, The lipophilic extracts from marine sponges Petrosia elastica and Ircinia formosana were found active against several human tumor cells. The investigation of the gorgonian Junceela has also resulted in the discovery of a series of new juncenolides. Bioassay-directed fractionation of Clavularia viridis yielded seven new prostanoids. These compounds have been tested and evaluated as potential antitumor agents. The soft corals of the genus Cespitularia produced novel secondary metabolites with diverse chemical structures and interesting biological activities. Four new norditerpenoids, designated cespitulactones and cespihypotins were isolated from Cespitularia hypotentaculata. Cespitulactones are novel structures having a bond cleavage between C-10 and C-11. In addition, three novel diterpenes were isolated from C. taeniata and designated cespitulactams A, B and C having a phenylethyl amino side chain.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2013

Potassium N-heterobiaryltrifluoroborates were successfully prepared via a selective Cu-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction. The $BF_3K$ moiety was well tolerated under the reaction conditions involving CuI and dimethyl-ethylenediamine (DMEDA) in the presence of DMSO. The Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross couplings of potassium N-heterobiaryltrifluoroborates with bromoarenes were studied to prepare the N-heterotriaryl compounds. Moreover, homocoupling, iodination, and hydroxylation of potassium N-heterobiaryltrifluoroborates provided the corresponding products in high yields.

• Mycobiology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.246-255
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• 2023

Genus Penicillium comprising the most important and extensively studied fungi has been well-known as a rich source of secondary metabolites. Our study aimed to analyze and investigate biological activities, including in vitro anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties, of metabolites from a marine-derived fungus belonging to P. levitum. The chemical compounds in the culture broth of P. levitum strain N33.2 were extracted with ethyl acetate. Followingly, chemical analysis of the extract leaded to the isolation of three ergostane-type steroid components, namely cerevisterol (1), ergosterol peroxide (2), and (3β,5α,22E)-ergosta-6,8(14),22-triene-3,5-diol (3). Among these, (3) was the most potent cytotoxic against human cancer cell lines Hep-G2, A549 and MCF-7 with IC₅₀ values of 2.89, 18.51, and 16.47 ㎍/mL, respectively, while the compound (1) showed no significant effect against tested cancer cells. Anti-inflammatory properties of purified compounds were evaluated based on NO-production in LPS-induced murine RAW264.7 macrophages. As a result, tested compounds performed diverse inhibitory effects on NO production by the macrophages, with the most significant inhibition rate of 81.37±1.35% at 25 ㎍/mL by the compound (2). Interestingly, compounds (2) and (3) exhibited inhibitory activities against pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase enzymes in vitro assays. Our study brought out new data concerning the chemical properties and biological activities of isolated steroids from a P. levitum fungus.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.174-174
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• 1998

Twelve different derivatives were synthesised from chitin/chitosan[1, 2, 3]. Their structures have been determined by different physical methods. The bioassay screening on antifungal and antibacterial activities of all these compounds showed that most of them had significant activity and they can inhibite the growth of some fungi and bacterias : E. coli, S. pyogenes, F. oxysporum, P. oryzae, that caused the spoilage of fresh fruits and foods. Furthermore, all of these compounds are non-toxic (LD$\_$50/>50g/kg) and can be applied for food preservation.