• 한국어병학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2011

Transcriptional response patterns of mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis; Cypriniformes) hepcidin, a potential ortholog to human hamp1, in response to experimental challenges with non-pathogenic and pathogenic bacterial species were analyzed based on the semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay. Mud loach hepcidin transcripts were much more preferentially induced by pathogenic bacterial species (Edwardsiella tarda and Vibrio anguillarum) causing apparent pathological symptoms than by non-pathogenic species (Escherichia coli and Bacillus thuringiensis) displaying neither clinical signs nor mortality. However in overall, the induced amounts of hepcidin transcripts were positively related with the number of bacterial cells delivered in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacterial species. Inducibility of hepcidin transcripts were variable among three tissues examined (liver, kidney and spleen) in which kidney and spleen were more responsive to the bacterial challenge than liver. Time course expression patterns of hepcidin mRNAs after challenge were different between groups challenged with pathogenic and non-pathogenic species, although the overall pattern of hepcidin expression was in accordance with that generally observed in battery genes appeared during early phase of inflammation. Fish challenged with E. coli (non-pathogenic) showed the significant induction of hepcidin transcripts within 24 hr post injection (hpi) but the level was rapidly declined to the basal level either at 48 or 96 hpi. On the other hand, hepcidin transcript levels in E. tarda (pathogenic)-challenged fish were continuously elevated until 48 hpi, then downregulated at 96 hpi, although the level at 96 hpi was still significantly higher than control level observed in non-challenged fish. This expression pattern was consistent in all the three tissues examined. Taken together, our data indicate that hepcidin is tightly in relation with pathological and/or inflammation status during bacterial challenge, consequently providing useful basis to extend knowledge on the host defensive roles of hepcidin under infectious conditions in bony fish.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.109-111
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• 2010

다환 방향족 탄화수소(PAH; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon)는 발암성, 돌연변이 유발성, 유전독성을 지니기 때문에 인체위해성이 큰 물질로 알려져 있다. 기존 PAH 분해 미생물 탐색 방법중 독성이 강한 유기용매에 PAH를 용해시켜 미생물에 직접 분무하는 분무법, 미생물과 직접 혼합하는 한천중층법은 미생물 생장에 영향을 줄 뿐만 아니라, 특히 많이 쓰이는 분무법의 경우 분무되는 PAH의 양을 조절하기가 어렵고 멸균상태를 유지하기가 힘들다는 단점이 있다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 단점을 보완한 방법으로 승화법(Alley, Jeremy F. and Lewis R. Brown. 2000. Use of sublimation to prepare solid microbial media with water-insoluble substrates. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 439-442)을 도입하여 적용하였다. 그 결과 상용휘발유 및 태안유류유출지 시료로부터 분리한 350분리균주 중에서 7균주가 단일 PAH 또는 복수의 PAH 분해에 관여했다. 특히 Corynebacterium sp. SK20, Rhodococcus sp. TA24, Streptomyces sp. TA27은 시험한 pyene, phenanthrene, naphthalene에, Gordonia sp. H37는 pyrene, naphthalene에, Arthrobacter sp. S49는, naphthalene, phenanthrene에 활성이 있었다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2010

이 연구는 양식산 넙치의 성장단계별 및 계절에 따른 생리학적 반응과 혈액학적 요소들을 파악하고자 하였으며, 분석된 항목으로는 hematocrit, red blood cell, hemoglobin, 글루코스, 콜레스테롤, 총단백질, AST, ALT, $Na^+,\;K^+,\;Cl^-,\;Ca^{2+},\;Mg^{2+}$, osmolality, 코티졸 및 $T_3$였다. 성장단계별 혈액학적 성상에 있어 $T_3$는 어류의 크기가 클수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 반면, 콜레스테롤은 어체의 크기가 클수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 계절별 혈액학적 성상에 있어 Ht와 RBC는 가을에 가장 높은 수준을 나타냈다. 코티졸은 모든 그룹에서 $2.2{\pm}0.4{\sim}4.3{\pm}1.9ng/m{\ell}$의 농도를 보였다. 나머지 혈액학적 요소는 성장단계별, 계절별로 특이한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구에서 분석 비교한 각종 혈액학적 요소의 측정값은 양식산 넙치의 생리활성 평가에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2020

Changes of gonadal morphology and mRNA expression patterns of vitellogenin were investigated in Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii (Chondrostei) during its early gonadal maturation period. Early differentiations and morphological transitions of both ovaries and testes appeared to occur actively until the age of 3 years, however from then on, the maturation patterns to full maturity were largely gender-dependent, in which males showed a faster progression of maturation than did females while females experienced a steady-state progress with a lagged interval before entering the final maturation. Expression of vitellogenin mRNAs are closely correlated with transitional patterns of gonadal appearances. In both females and males, hepatic mRNA levels of vitellogenin exponentially increased in the earliest interval (up to 1-year-old). However, in subsequent periods, vitellogenin expression in females continued to increase with age, whereas in males, the expression stabilized at a younger age. Nevertheless, at the age older than or equal to 7-year-old, fully matured individuals showed a quite low level of vitellogenin expression in both females and males. Collectively, results from this study could be useful as a fundamental guideline to address the gonad maturation of this sturgeon species, which is helpful for making practical decisions about farming practices and management for caviar production on local sturgeon farms.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2015

A 8-week trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of photoperiod manipulation on the growth performance and hematological parameters of juvenile Caspian roach, Rutilus rutilus caspicus (average weight $1.46{\pm}0.12g$ mean${\pm}$SD) reared under five photoperiods (24 h Light, 24L; 18 h Light & 6 h Dark, 18L:6D; 12 h Light & 12 h Dark, 12L:12D; 6 h Light & 18 h Dark, 6L:18D; 24 h Dark, 24D) with constant light intensity 1,500 lx on the water surface. Triplicate of 20 fish were allocated into each of 15 fiberglass tanks of 50 L capacity and they were fed three times per day with the commercial feed (SFK, Co., Sari - Iran) contains 50.0% protein and 10.5% lipid. At the end of experimental period, final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rates of fish exposed to 24L were significantly higher than those of fish exposed to 12L:12D, 6L:18D and 24D (P < 0.05). Red blood cell and hemoglobin of fish exposed to 24L were significantly higher than those of fish exposed to 24D. No significant difference observed in hematocrit, white blood cell and plasma glucose among the different treatments groups. Therefore, these results demonstrated that the growth performance of juvenile Caspian roach can be significantly stimulated by using 24L and 18L:6D photoperiods without any measurable significant stress response such as plasma glucose concentration.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2015

A 10-day trial was conducted to evaluate the salinity tolerance and hematological responses of juvenile ship sturgeon Acipenser nudiventris under different salinity levels. A total of 240 fish averaging $6.2{\pm}0.13g$ (mean${\pm}$SD) were randomly distributed into 12 tanks in groups of 20, and each tank was then randomly assigned to one of three replicates of four different salinities at 0, 4, 8 and 12‰. At the end of 10 days of experimental period, plasma protein value of fish exposed to 0‰ and 4‰ salinities was significantly higher than those of fish exposed to 8‰ and 12‰ salinities (P < 0.05). Significantly higher values for plasma cortisol and glucose were obtained in fish exposed to 12‰ salinity compared to the fish exposed to 0‰ and 4‰ salinities (P < 0.05). Plasma potassium and sodium values increased significantly by increment of salinity levels (P < 0.05). Therefore, these results indicated that in natural environments, juvenile ship sturgeon, A. nudiventris in migratory populations could be able to migrate and adjust successfully into brackish water with a salinity of up to 8‰ without any short-term hematological stress responses.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2008

해양환경 오염에 대한 관심이 많아지면서 해양환경 인자에 대한 감시가 그 중요성을 더해 가고 있다. 지금까지는 이에 대한 감지를 위한 센서의 부재로 인하여 해수를 채취하여 실험실에서 고가의 장비를 이용하여 분석하여 왔다. 이는 해양의 실시간 감시가 어려울 뿐 아니라 급변하는 해양 상태를 정확하게 파악하기 어려운 면이 있어왔다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기위해서 나노기술을 이용한 해양용 센서 개발이 시급히 요구되는 바 이에 대한 기술적인 분야와 특징 및 타당성을 검토하였다 현재 기술적으로 개발이 가능하고 국제적으로 경쟁력이 있는 분야로는 나노스핀소자를 이용한 바이오분자 감지, 탄소나노튜브의 전도성 변화에 따른 해양인자 감시기술, 그리고 나노반도체를 이용한 적조관련 미생물 감지 기술을 제시하였다. 이 기술들의 특징과 해양환경에서의 적용을 위하여 개발하여야 할 요소 기술을 찾아보고 문제점들을 극복할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.551-558
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• 2015

This study was carried out to evaluate the dietary threonine requirement by measuring the plasma free threonine and ammonia concentrations in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss after dorsal aorta cannulation. A total of 70 fish (average initial weight $506{\pm}8.2g$) were randomly distributed into each of the 14 net cages (5 fish/cage). After 48 hours (h) of feed deprivation, each group was intubated at 1% body weight with one of the seven L-amino acid based diets containing graded levels of threonine (0.42%, 0.72%, 0.92%, 1.12%, 1.32%, 1.52%, or 1.82% of diet, dry matter basis). Blood samples were taken at 0, 5, and 24 h after intubation. Post-prandial plasma free threonine concentrations (PPthr) of fish 5 h after intubation with diets containing 1.32% or more threonine were significantly higher than those of fish intubated with diets containing 1.12% or less threonine (p<0.05). Post-absorptive free threonine concentrations (PAthr) after 24 h of intubation of the fish with diets containing 0.92% or more threonine were significantly higher than those of fish intubated with diets containing 0.72% or less threonine. Post-prandial plasma ammonia concentrations (PPA, 5 h after intubation) were not significantly different among fish intubated with diets containing 1.12% or less threonine, except the PPA of fish intubated with diet containing 0.42% threonine. Broken-line model analyses of PPthr, PAthr, and PPA indicated that the dietary threonine requirement of rainbow trout should be between 0.95% (2.71) and 1.07% (3.06) of diet (% of dietary protein on a dry matter basis).

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2018

To evaluate appropriate reference genes for the normalization of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) data with embryonic and larval samples from Russian sturgeon Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, the expression stability of eight candidate housekeeping genes, including beta-actin (ACTB), elongation factor-1A (EF1A), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), histone 2A (H2A), ribosomal protein L5 (RPL5), ribosomal protein L7 (RPL7), succinate dehydrogenase (SDHA), and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 (UBE2A), were tested using embryonic samples from 12 developmental stages and larval samples from 11 ontogenic stages. Based on the stability rankings from three statistic software packages, geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper, the expression stability of the embryonic subset was ranked as UBE2A>H2A>SDHA>GAPDH>RPL5>EF1A>ACTB>RPL7. On the other hand, the ranking in the larval subset was determined as UBE2A>GAPDH>SDHA>RPL5>RPL7>H2A>EF1A>AC TB. When the two subsets were combined, the overall ranking was UBE2A>SDHA>H2A>RPL5>GAPDH>EF1A>ACTB>RPL7. Taken together, our data suggest that UBE2A and SDHA are recommended as suitable references for developmental and ontogenic samples of this sturgeon species, whereas traditional housekeepers such as ACTB and GAPDH may not be suitable candidates.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.474-481
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• 2010

The sperm collection time, sex steroid hormones, and gonadal development of protandrous black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, acclimated in freshwater for more than 2 years were investigated to evaluate its reproductive capability. The gonadal development of black porgy reared in seawater and freshwater could each be classified into four successive stages. For black porgy reared in seawater (BSW) as the control, these were the growing (December to February), mature (February to March), spent (March to June), and degeneration and resting (July to December) stages; for black porgy reared in freshwater (BFW), these were the growing (November to January), mature (January to February), spent (February to May), degeneration and resting (June to November) stages. In both BSW and BFW, the plasma cortisol levels were the highest in March. The plasma testosterone (T) levels of BSW and BFW were the highest in March and February, respectively. The plasma estradiol-$17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) levels did not differ significantly between BSW and BFW. The 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) levels in the plasma of BSW and BFW were the highest in April. Sperm was collectible from March to June in BSW and from February to May in BFW. The results indicated that the gonadal maturation of BFW was about 1 month faster than that of BSW.