• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.630-634
• /
• 2015

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) of the breast is a benign mesenchymal lesion with incidental histologic findings. Surgical excision is recommended as the treatment of choice for PASH, although the recurrence rates after excision range from 15% to 22%. A 46-year-old-female presented with a six-month history of bilateral breast enlargement and painful sensation mimicking inflammatory carcinoma. Imaging studies demonstrated innumerable enhancing nodules in both breasts. Due to the growth of the lesions and progressive clinical symptoms, bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy was performed. Grossly, the specimens were round and well-circumscribed, and the histologic examination revealed PASH. After mastectomy, we created a pocket with the pectoralis major muscle and a lower skin flap, which was deepithelized. Anatomical mammary implants were inserted, and the nipple areolar complex was transferred to a new position as a free graft. The aesthetic result was satisfactory after twelve months of follow-up.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.356-361
• /
• 2008

In this work, we have studied the structural and functional linkage between lamin A/C, nuclear actin, and organization of chromosome territories (CTs) in mammary carcinoma MCF-7 cells. Selective down-regulation of lamin A/C expression led to disruption of the lamin A/C perinuclear layer and disorganization of lamin-bound emerin complexes at the inner nuclear membrane. The silencing of lamin A/C expression resulted in a decrease in the volume and surface area of chromosome territories, especially in chromosomes with high heterochromatin content. Inhibition of actin polymerization led to relaxation of the structure of chromosome territories, and an increase in the volumes and surface areas of the chromosome territories of human chromosomes 1, 2 and 13. The results show an important role of polymeric actin in the organization of the nuclei and the chromosome territories.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.18 no.7
• /
• pp.711-714
• /
• 1997

In an effort to enhance the lipophilicities, thereby, the penetration into the cell membrane and to increase the antitumor activities of modified derivatives of 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine (d4T, 1), derivatives of 1 were designed and synthesized. Starting from thymidine, 1, 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine-5'-phosphate, disodium salt (d4T-p, 7), and two nicotinate esters of 1; 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-5'-O-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)thymidine (d4T-NA, 5) and 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-5'-phosphoryl-O-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)thymidine (d4T-p-NA, 8) were synthesized. The lipophilicities of the synthesized compounds were measured by P-values and antitumor activities of those were estimated against mouse leukemia P388, murine mammary carcinoma FM3A, and human histiocytic lymphoma U937 tumor cells in vitro. Although the lipophilicities of the nicotinate esters, 5 and 8 were increased 2.75- and 9.71-fold relative to that of 1 and 7, respectively, the synthesized compounds, 1, 5, 7, and 8 were found to be inactive against P388 and FM3A cells except weak antitumor activity against U937 cell.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.85 no.2
• /
• pp.421-427
• /
• 2024

Ectopic breast tissue can develop along the mammary ridge from the axilla to the groin, and the most common site is the axillae. Primary carcinoma of ectopic breast tissue is extremely rare. We report a rare case of a 61-year-old woman with a palpable mass in her left axilla who had a history of surgical excision of accessory breast tissue in the same area. Mammography (MMG), including axillary tail view, ultrasound (US), and breast MRI were performed. We evaluated the extent and characteristics of the microcalcifications in the axillary tail view. A US-guided biopsy was done, and histopathology revealed an invasive ductal carcinoma. Enhanced abdominal CT revealed multiple hepatic masses consistent with metastases, and the patient received palliative chemotherapy. Herein, we present a rare case of breast cancer arising from accessory breast tissue in the axilla, best appreciated on the axillary tail view of the patient's MMG.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.9
• /
• pp.4347-4351
• /
• 2012

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer of women and the principal cause of death in middle aged women. The objective of this study was to describe the trend of breast cancer and its management in Aden and adjacent south-eastern governorates of Yemen during the last 20 years. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of previous studies on patients with breast cancer in Aden and adjacent south-eastern governorates, Yemen (January 1989 through December 2007). The studied variables were: sex, age, time and type of presentation, disease stage, pathological types and the performed surgical treatment. The sources of information were the treatment registry of Aden health office, archives of Al-Gamhouria teaching hospital; major referral and other public and private hospitals in Aden and Aden Cancer Registry. Results: The total number of patients was 476, 99% being females. The age range was 19-88 years. The most affected age was 30-50 years (60.5%), 95% presenting after one month of having breast symptoms. Forty-five percent presented with signs of advanced local disease, while 59.2% had palpable axillary lymph nodes on presentation. Early breast cancer (stages I-II) occurred in 47%, and late breast cancer (stages III-IV) in 51.5%. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the commonest pathology (89.3%). The main surgical treatment was mastectomy (modified radical mastectomy (50%). Conclusion: Breast cancer is predominantly a disease of young with late presentation and advanced disease. Improving health awareness and earlier diagnosis of the disease by health education, encouraging breast self-examination, and providing the mammography equipment and mammary clinics in hospitals are recommended. Establishment of oncology and radiotherapy centers in Aden is a necessity.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.81-84
• /
• 1988

Since the entity of postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma was first reported by Stewart and Treves in 1948, postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma has become a well recognized, uncommon malignant tumor which occurs in the upper extremity following mastectomy for mammary carcinoma. The postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma occurred at an average age of 63.9 years and at an average of 10 years and 3 months following mastectomy. The lymphangiosarcoma raised from blood and lymphatic vessel. The histologic appearance has been observed edematous dermiss and dilated lymphatics lining with malignant cells. Most authors recommend radical amputation for treatment, either shoulder disarticulation or forequarter amputation. Other modalities of treatment including radiotherapy were considered as ineffetive. The present report provides a case of the regression of postmastectomy lymphangiosarcoma with chronic lymphedema by external irradiation. Radiation therapy was used as primary therapy. Total tumor dose of 6500 cGy in 9 wks was delivered using 6 MV x-ray and 8 MeV electron.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.235-239
• /
• 1996

Six, heretofore undescribed, $5^I-Methyl-5^I-(5-Substituted uracil-1-ylmethyl)-2^I-oxo-3^I-methylenetetrahydrofurans(F, Cl, Br, l, CH_3, H)(6a-f)$were synthesized and evaluated against three cell lines (FM-3A, P-388 and U-937). For the preparation of .alpha.-methylene-.gamma.-butyrolactone bearing 5-substituted uracils (6a-f), the effcient Reformatsky type reaction was employed which involves the treatment of ethyl .alpha.(bromomethyl) acrylate and zinc with the respective 5-substituted uracil-1-ylacetones (5a-f). The acetone derivatives (5a-f) were directly obtained by the respective alkylation reaction of 5-substituted uracils with chloroacetone in the presence of $K_{2}$$CO_{3}$(or NaH). These lactone compounds 6a-f exhibited moderate to significant activity in all of the three cell lines, and 6b, 6c and 6e showed significant antitumor activities (inhibitory concentrations ($IC_{50}$) ranged from 1.3-3.8 .mu.g/ml.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.79.1-79.14
• /
• 2021

Background: In contrast to human medicine, only a small number of serum tumor markers are established in veterinary medicine even though they are a non-invasive diagnostic tool. Objectives: This study examined whether survivin could be suitable as a potential canine serum tumor marker. Methods: This study measured the serum survivin concentrations of dogs with mammary tumors (n = 33), squamous cell carcinoma (n = 9), soft-tissue sarcoma (n = 18) and multicentric lymphoma (n = 22), using a commercially available, competitive immunoassay kit (BlueGene). The serum survivin concentrations were compared with those of a healthy control group (n = 20) and a control group of dogs with non-neoplastic diseases (n = 17). Results: Dogs with malignant tumors had serum survivin concentrations between 15 and 5,906 pg/mL (median, 72 pg/mL), those in the healthy group ranged from 7 to 99 pg/mL (median, 21 pg/mL) and those in the group of dogs suffering from non-neoplastic diseases from 15 to 93 pg/mL (median, 42 pg/mL). The differences in the survivin concentrations between the healthy dogs and dogs with malignant tumors and between the dogs with non-neoplastic diseases and those with malignant tumors were significant (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusions: The serum survivin concentrations in dogs with malignant tumors, with some exceptions, are higher than in dogs with benign tumors and dogs that do not suffer from a malignancy. Therefore, survivin can provide information on the presence of malignant tumors and be used as a tumor marker in dogs.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.15-28
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This study was designed to examine the anti-cancer activity by innate immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory effects of liriopis tuber water extract (LPE). Methods: Cell cytotoxicity was tested with 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma cells, spleen cells, macrophage, and RAW264.7 cells. To investigate innate immunomodulating effects of LPE on macrophage, we measured tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). To investigate innate immunomodulating effects of LPE on RAW264.7 cell, we measured TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6). In addition, TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were measured after treating with LPE to observe innate immunomodulating effect of LPE on RAW264.7 cell. Also, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) were examined by western blot analysis. Results: In an in vitro cytotoxicity analysis, LPE affected tumor cell growth above specific concentration. As compared with the control group, the production of TNF-α, IL-12, and IL-10 were increased in macrophage. As compared with the control group, the production of TNF-α and IL-6 were increased in RAW 264.7 cell. The expression of TNF-α and NO induced by LPS after treating LPE was decreased. In addition, treatment of RAW 264.7 cell with LPE increased the phosphorylation levels of p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), p-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), and p-p38. Conclusions: LPE might have impact on the anti-cancer effect by activation of innate immune system and inflammation control.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.15 no.3 s.70
• /
• pp.397-405
• /
• 2005

Sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate derived from hydrolysis of glucoraphanin in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables, was shown to induce phase II detoxification enzymes and inhibit chemically induced mammary tumors in rodents. Recently, sulforaphane is known to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human cancer cells, however its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that sulforaphane acted to inhibit proliferation and induce morphological changes of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Treatment of HeLa cells with $10{\mu}M\;or\;15{\mu}M$ sulforaphane resulted in significant G2/M cell cycle arrest as determined by flow cytometry. Moreover, $20{\mu}M$ sulforaphane significantly induced the population of sub-G1 cells (9.83 fold of control). This anti-proliferative effect of sulforaphane was accompanied by a marked inhibition of cyclin A and cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)4 protein and concomitant induction of Cdc2, Cdk inhibitor p16 and p21. However, sulforaphane did not affect the levels of cyelooxygenases and telomere-regulatory gene products. Although further studies are needed, the present work suggests that sulforaphane may be a potential chemoprevetive/ chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of human cancer cells.