• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 2013

Amyloid-${\beta}$ peptide ($A{\beta}$), generated by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The key step in the generation of $A{\beta}$ is cleavage of APP by beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). Levels of BACE1 are increased in vulnerable regions of the AD brain, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. In the present study, we reported the effects of ferrous ions at subtoxic concentrations on the mRNA levels of BACE1 and a-disintegrin-and-metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) in PC12 cells and the cell responses to ferrous ions. The cell survival in PC12 cells significantly decreased with 0 to 0.3 mM $FeCl_2$, with 0.6 mM $FeCl_2$ treatment resulting in significant reductions by about 75%. 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining showed that the nuclei appeared fragmented in 0.2 and 0.3 mM $FeCl_2$. APP-${\alpha}$-carboxyl terminal fragment (APP-${\alpha}$-CTF) associations with ADAM10 and APP-${\beta}$-CTF with BACE1 were increased. Levels of ADAM10 and BACE1 mRNA increased in response to the concentrations of 0.25 mM, respectively. In addition, p-ERK and p-Bad (S112, S155) expressions were increased, suggesting that APP-CTF formation is related to ADAM10/ BACE1 expression. Levels of Bcl-2 protein were increased, but significant changes were not observed in the expression of Bax. These data suggest that ion-induced enhanced expression of AMDA10/BACE1 could be one of the causes for APP-${\alpha}/{\beta}$-CTF activation.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.25-32
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• 2016

This study aims to suggest app programming education plan by analyzing the effects of app programming education using m-bizmaker on the creative problem solving ability in specialized high school students. Currently, The South Korean government is preparing to conduct SW education in primary and secondary schools. Developing smartphone apps that are familiar to students can be seen as a very effective tool of SW educational measures. In general, app development can only be achieved through specialized training on how to use the app programming language. So, many students think the app programming is difficult areas before creating apps because tired of learning how to an app programming language. As a result of applying app programming education using m-Bizmaker, which is one of the app authoring tools, to the class, it is desirable as an app programming education plan. And according to survey results, it has been proved that the app programming education plan using m-Bizmaker is effective to improve creative problem solving ability.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1275-1281
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• 2005

The $G_{q/11}$ protein-coupled receptors, such as muscarinic (M1 & M3) receptors, have been shown to regulate the release of a soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP$\alpha$) produced from $\alpha$-secretase processing. However, there is no direct evidence for the precise characteristics of G proteins, and the signaling mechanism for the regulation of $G_{q/11}$ protein-coupled receptor mediated sAPP$\alpha$ release is not clearly understood. This study examined whether the muscarinic receptor-mediated release of sAPP$\alpha$ is directly regulated by $G\alpha_{q/11}$ proteins. The HEK293 cells were transiently cotransfected with muscarinic M3 receptors and a dominant-negative minigene construct of the G protein $\alpha$ subunit. The sAPP$\alpha$ release in the media was measured using an antibody specific for sAPP. The sAPP$\alpha$ release enhancement induced by muscarinic receptor stimulation was decreased by a $G_{q/11}$ minigene construct, whereas it was not blocked by a control minigene construct (the G$\alpha$ carboxy peptide in random order, G$\alpha_{q}$R) or $G\alpha_{j}$ constructs. This indicated a direct role of the $G\alpha_{q/11}$ protein in the regulation of muscarinic M3 receptor-mediated sAPP$\alpha$ release. We also investigated whether the transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by a muscarinic agonist could regulate the sAPP$\alpha$ release in SH-SY5Y cells. Pretreatment of a specific EGFR kinase inhibitor, tyrophostin AG1478 (250 nM), blocked the EGF-stimulated sAPP$\alpha$ release, but did not block the oxoM­stimulated sAPP$\alpha$ release. This demonstrated that the transactivation of the EGFR by muscarinic receptor activation was not involved in the muscarinic receptor-mediated sAPP$\alpha$ release.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.183-190
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• 2015

This paper investigates the three main functions of a typical visual app programming environment for Novice Programming developers, and compares the features. The Scratch is a visual programming environment for education, anyone can create a story easy as possible variously interaction, games, animations and more. App inventor provides precise and professional application development capabilities as compared with scratch. App Inventor in runs independently of the computer platform, and has a feature that must be constantly connected to the server over the internet, while the Inventor app runs. M-Bizmaker is suitable for commercial application development, consists of m-BizBuilder, m-BizEngine, m-BizServer or the like, provides a cross-platform visual programming environment.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.466-471
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• 2005

An Escherichia coli strain with high phytase activity was screened from pig excreta. The phytase gene, appA, was amplified by PCR technique. To obtain large amounts of appA phytase, the appA gene was subcloned into the baculovirus transfer vector pVL1393 under the control of the Polyhedrin promoter. The recombinant baculovirus harboring the appA gene was obtained after co-transfection and screening. The early $5^{th}$ instar larvae of silkworm were infected with the recombinant virus. Using this system, the appA phytase was overproduced up to 7,710 U per ml hemolymph. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed the baculovirus-derived appA phytase to be approximately 47 kDa in size. The optimal temperature and pH of the expressed phytase were $60^{\circ}C$ and pH 4.5, respectively. The enzymatic activity was increased by the presence of 1 mM $Ca^{2+}$, 1 mM $Mn^{2+}$, or $0.02\%$ Triton X-100.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.41-48
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• 2018

This study aims to present a method for app programming education by analyzing the effect of Learning Flow and Learning Satisfaction from app programming education using m-Bizmaker in specialized high school students. Currently, SW education to increase computational thinking is actively carried out in schools that are leading SW education school and various SW education methods are being applied. In particular, the app programming education could continue when the learner is engaged in Learning Flow and Learning Satisfaction with the learning. And according to survey results, it has been proved that the app programming education using m-Bizmaker is effective to improve some factors of Learning Flow(control sense, loss of consciousness) and Learning Satisfaction in specialized high school students.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.1012-1018
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to determine whether Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein (APP) is dysregulated in adipose tissues of C57BL/6 male mice by high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity, aging, or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. APP mRNA expression was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) in subcutaneous (SAT) and epididymal adipose tissues (EAT) from mice in 8 different condition groups. By combining conditions of age (16 weeks/26 weeks of age), diet (normal diet (ND)/high-fat diet), and induction of diabetes (non-diabetic/diabetic), 88 mice were divided into 8 different groups. QPCR demonstrated that APP expression in SAT was significantly increased by about two-fold in HFD-induced obese mice compared to both 16 week-old and 26 week-old mice in the ND group (16 weeks p=0.001; 26 weeks p<0.0001), but no changes in EAT was found. Particular effects of aging on APP gene expression were not observed in either adipose tissue depots. Significantly decreased APP expression was found in SAT in STZ-induced diabetic mice fed on ND or HFD at 16 weeks of age (ND p<0.05; HFD p<0.01). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that APP expression levels correlated with body weight in both the non-diabetic group (R=0.657, p<0.0001, n=39) and the diabetic group (R=0.508, p=<0.0001, n=49), but did not correlate with plasma glucose levels, which suggests that decreased APP expression in STZ-induced diabetic mice is most likely due to weight loss rather than hyperglycemia. These data confirm APP dysregulation by weight changes in humans and suggest a possible role linking midlife obesity with the later development of amyloidogenesis in the brain of older patients with Alzheimer's disease.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.1223-1225
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• 2012

현재 앱과 모바일 콘텐츠 개발이 활발해지고 있으며, 이에 따르는 기술들이 새로이 개발됨에 따라 다양한 도구들도 함께 등장하고 있다. 이러한 가운데 앱을 쉽게 개발할 수 있는 도구로는 Htrnl5, App Inventor, M-Biz Naker 가 있다. 따라서 이와 같은 도구들의 장단점을 살펴봄으로써, 향후 앱 개발 시장에 미칠 영향을 분석해보도록 한다.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.169-183
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• 2019

The growth of mobile commerce (m-commerce) has been accelerated around the world. Why do e-retailers have to put a great deal of effort for the distribution of their mobile apps? The literature has paid little attention to the influence of the introduction of an e-commerce app on shopping behaviors of consumers. By analyzing the dataset of 2,342 users in Korea, this study aims to broaden our understanding of mobile shopping app usage across competing e-retailers and different channels. We found that a user's prior usage of a specific e-commerce mobile app increases her subsequent usage of its website through a mobile web browser. Thus, mobile apps do not cannibalize the mobile web channel, and there could be a complementary relationship. We also found that a user's usage of competitors' apps is positively associated with her subsequent usage of a specific e-commerce app. Because many consumers search products and compare prices across multiple e-retailers, having a mobile app helps an e-retailer be exposed to more potential consumers. This study is among the first to study the role of mobile apps in e-commerce by showing the dynamics of cross-channel and cross-vendor usage by a user.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.317-320
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• 2016

In embedded system, if firmware code is opened by other company, must devise hardware copy prevention. That guard valuable product. Not used security IC, Suggested platform is source code open method that prevent core code and hardware copy. And that open firmware code for other company programmer. Suggest system security platform based on Corex-M3. that consist of IAP(In-application programing) and APP(Applicataion). IAP contain core code and security confirm code. APP is implement by other company developer using core function prototype.