• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.164-168
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• 2002

Phthalate analogues are a plasticizer and solvent used in industry and were reported to be a potential carcinogen classified in the category of suspected endocrine disruptors. Most common human exposure to these compounds may occur with contaminated food. They may migrate into food from plastic wrap or may enter food from general environmental contamination. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of phthalates that possibly threaten the public health. To determine whether seven phthalate analogues i.e. diallyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, di-n-nonyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, di-tridecyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate, can induce DNA strand breakage that is one of the various factors related to the mechanism of carcinogenicity, the comet assay which has been widely used for the detection and measurement of DNA strand breaks, was conducted in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. From these results, seven phthalates revealed dose-dependent decrease of cell viability, however, no remarkable cytotoxicity was observed even at high concentration of 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ phthalates. And also, the results showed that the induction of DNA strand breaks by seven phthalates was not significantly different from the control in this study.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.244-250
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• 2006

The detection of many synthetic chemicals used in industry that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, to regulate and to evaluate the chemical hazard will be important to environment and human health. The genotoxicity of 3 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in L5178Y $tk^{+/-}$ mouse lymphoma cells in vitro. 9H-carbazole (CAS No. 86-74-8) did not induce significant mutation frequencies both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation system. 1, 3-Dichloro-2-propanol (CAS No. 96-23-1) revealed a significant increase of mutation frequencies in the range of $625-373\;{\mu}g/mL$ in the absence of metabolic activation system and $157-79\;{\mu}g/mL$ in the presence of metabolic activation system. And also, fenpropathrin (CAS No. 64257-84-7) appeared the positive results only in the absence of metabolic activation system. Through the results of MLA tk assay with 3 synthetic chemicals in L5178Y cells in vitro, we may provide the important clues on the genotoxic potentials of these 3 chemicals.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.141-143
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• 2018

A 6-year-old spayed female Turkish Angora cat presented with sneezing, nasal discharge, and decreased appetite lasting for 21 days. Skull radiography revealed slightly increased density of soft tissue in the left nasal cavity. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an extensive mass with nasal septum destruction and moderate contrast enhancement in the left nasal cavity. After surgical biopsy, histopathological examination confirmed that the mass was an infiltrative round cell neoplasm, composed of sheets of large neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that most of the neoplastic cells were strongly positive for CD79a and weakly positive for PAX5. Additionally, numerous mature lymphocytes were found to be positive for CD3. This is the first reported case of nasal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a Turkish Angora cat in Korea.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.111-121
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• 2003

Recombinant single chain Fv (scFv) antibodies offer many advantages over mouse monoclonal antibodies such as faster clearance from blood, improved tumor localization, reduced human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response, and the availability to manipulate the scFv through genetic approaches. The recombinant phage display was constructed using lym-l hybridoma cells as a source of genetic starting material. mRNA was isolated from the corresponding antibodies hybridoma cells. VH and VL cDNA were amplified with RT-PCR and linked with ScFv by linker DNA to form ScFv DNA, which then were inserted into phagemid pCANTAB5E. The phage of positive clones selected with tube containing raji lymphoma cell and infected by competent E. coli HB2151 to express soluble scFv. The scFv lym-l was secreted into the cytosol and culture supernatant and shown to be of expected size (approximately 32 kDa) by western blot. An active scFv lym-l could be produced in E. coli with soluble form and high yield from hybridoma cell line, using phage display system. Immunoreactivity indicated that scFv lym1 showed a potential biding affinity against the raji lymphoma cell as its parental antibody (intact lym-l Ab).

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.97-100
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• 1998

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a severe cutaneous-systemic disorder of unknown etiology, It is represented with erythematous patches on the face in a so-called butterfly distribution, and characteristically classified as an autoimmune disease with antinuclear antibodies. The autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, $Sj{\ddot{o}}gren$ syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis have been associated with lymphoid malignancy - leukemia, malignant lymphoma - which could involve various organs(spleen, liver, brain, mediastinal lymph node, supraclavicular lymph node, inguinal lymph node, cervical lymph node etc.). Many authors have studied about the association of systemic lupus erythematosus and malignant lymphoma, but exact etiology is still unknown. A common viral etioloty for systemic lupus erythematosus has been suggested since virus-like particles have been found in the glomerular endothelium of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. These oncogenic viruses may be responsible for the higher frequency of malignant lymphoma in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. In the other theory, the causes of malignant lymphoma are the defect of immune system due to systemic lupus erythematosus and the long-term use of therapeutics for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. When the cellular immune system(delayed hypersensitivity) is impaired by immunosuppressive drugs, it is likely that the body is no longer able to recognize and reject malignant cells as they arise; they continue to grow and divide unhindered. The impairment of the cellular immune system may allow growth of oncogenic virus or the survival of neoplatic tissues. 47-year old female patient treated systemic lupus erythematosus with steroid and immunosuppressive drugs for 5 years visited to our hospital due to elevated mass on left upper anterior maxilla area. By performing biopsy, we diagnosed this lesion as malignant lymphoma and referred to oncologist for chemotherapy. So we report a case of malignant lymphoma due to systemic lupus erythematosus with review of literatures.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is known to mediate cancer cell death. Here, we show that B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), an anti-apoptotic protein, is regulated by GSK-3β and that GSK-3β-mediated regulation of Bcl-2 is crucial for mitochondrial-dependent cell death in paclitaxel-stimulated cells. We demonstrate that MCF7 GSK-3β siRNA cells are more sensitive to cell death than MCF7 GFP control cells and that in the absence of GSK-3β, Bcl-2 levels are reduced, a result enhanced by paclitaxel. Paclitaxel-induced JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) activation is critical for Bcl-2 modulation. In the absence of GSK-3β, Bcl-2 was unstable in an ubiquitination-dependent manner in both basal- and paclitaxel-treated cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that GSK-3β-mediated regulation of Bcl-2 influences cytochrome C release and mitochondrial membrane potential. Taken together, our data suggest that GSK-3β-dependent regulation of Bcl-2 is crucial for mitochondria-dependent cell death in paclitaxel-mediated breast cancer therapy. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(1): 51-56]

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.427-431
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• 2007

The bronchus-asociated lymphoid tissue(BALT) lymphoma is a low-grade primary malignant lymphoma that originates from bronchus associated lymphoid tissue. A 67-year-old woman was admitted for evaluation of cough, sputum, rhinorrhea which had persisted for one month. Physical examination showed decreased breathing sound on the left upper lung field. High resolution chest computed tomography demonstrated consolidation which showed air-bronchogram and surrounding ground glass opacity in left upper lobe. These findings implicated inactive tuberculosis, organizing pneumonia, or bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma. The histologic findings from percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy revealed aggregated atypical small lymphoid cells with lymphoepithelial lesions. With immunohistochemical staining, the atypical lymphoid cells reacted positively with CD 20 antibody and negatively with CD 3 antibody. Thus, we could diagnosed her as a patient with BALT lymphoma. After left upper lobectomy, she has been well without recurrence of the disease for 14 months. In this country of Republic of Korea, it was the 1st case of BALT lymphoma surgically treated when histological diagnosis had been done. Based on this case, we wanted to demonstrate the importance of early histological diagnosis and treatment of BALT lymphoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2045-2049
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• 2012

Objective: To investigate the effect of down-regulation of Sentrin/SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1) expression on the apoptosis of human Burkitt lymphoma cells (Daudi cells) and potential mechanisms. Methods: Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting SENP1 was designed and synthesized and then cloned into a lentiviral vector. A lentiviral packaging plasmid was used to transfect Daudi cells (sh-SENP1-Daudi group). Daudi cells without transfection (Daudi group) and Daudi cells transfected with blank plasmid (sh-NC-Daudi group) served as control groups. Flow cytometry was performed to screen GFP positive cells and semiquantitative PCR and Western blot assays were employed to detect the inference efficiency. The morphology of cells was observed under a microscope before and after transfection. Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot assays were conducted to measure the mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis related molecules (caspase-3, 8 and 9). After treatment with $COCl_2$ for 24 h, the mRNA and protein expression of hypoxia inducible factor -$1{\alpha}$ (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) was determined. Results: Sequencing showed the expression vectors of shRNA targeting SENP1 to be successfully constructed. Following screening of GFP positive cells by FCM, semiqualitative PCR showed the interference efficiency was $79.2{\pm}0.026%$. At 48 h after transfection, the Daudi cells became shrunken, had irregular edges and presented apoptotic bodies. Western blot assay revealed increase in expression of caspase-3, 8 and 9 with prolongation of transfection (P<0.05). Following hypoxia treatment, mRNA expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ remained unchanged in three groups (P>0.05) but the protein expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ markedly increased (P<0.05). However, in the sh-SENP1-Daudi group, the protein expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ remained unchanged Conclusion: SENP1-shRNA can efficiently inhibit SENP1 expression in Daudi cells. SENP1 inhibition may promote cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that SENP1 may serve as an important target in the gene therapy of Burkitts lymphoma.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.234-240
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• 2007

The present study investigated the anti-tumor activity of ethyl acetate extract of Acanthospermum hispidum DC against daltons ascites lymphoma in mice. The extract was prepared by cold maceration with ethyl acetate for 3 - 7 days and evaporated in vacuum to dry. (Yield : 14.2 g, 1.42% w/w). The extract was fractionated by column chromatography by using gradient elution technique and the diterpenes fraction isolated (0.649 g). Both extract and the fraction were administered as oral suspension with tween 20 in water to tumor bearing mice (DAL) and changes in dead cell count, histopathology of tumor cells, hematological parameters and median survival time (MST) were examined and compared with that of tumor control or 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). The results indicate that both ethyl acetate extract and fraction possess anti-tumor activity. The study suggests that Acanthospermum hispidum DC seems promising as a source of diterpenes for potential anti-tumor activity.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.214-218
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• 2004

A 16-month old female Golden retriever dog was presented with a 2-week history of left-sided exophthalmos, third eyelid prominence, some scale of the trunk, mild anorexia, mild diarrhea and depression. In radiographic findings, a mass with increased opacity in the left retrobulbar area was observed. Cytologic and histopathologic examinations after enucleation and mass excision showed diffuse round cell accumulation and adjacent small area of elongated cell proliferation were shown. They also illustrated the neoplastic cells with large nucleoli, multiple nucleoli that differ in size and scant cytoplasm with several clear vacuoles. Extent of local invasiveness and central necrosis of the retrobulbar mass was identified by magnetic resonance imaging. Based on the physical and laboratory examination, radiographic, cytologic and histopathologic findings this case was diagnosed as extranodal malignant lymphoma of the retrobulbar area.