• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2010년도 제39회 하계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.74-74
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• 2010

The aqua-plasma is the non-thermal plasma in electrical conductive electrolyte by generates the vapor film layer on the immersed metal electrode surface. This plasma can generate the hydroxyl radical by dissociate the water molecule with the plasma electron. To develop the plasma discharge device for high efficiency in the hydroxyl radical generation, proper model for estimation of plasma power is necessary. In this work, the 1-D spherical model was developed, considering temperature dependence material constants. The relation between the plasma power and hydroxyl generation was also studied by the comparison between the optical emission intensity from the hydroxyl radical using monochromator and estimated plasma power. First, the thickness of vapor layer thickness was estimated using the Navier-Stokes fluid equation in order to calculate the discharge E-field inside vapor layer. Using the E-field magnitude and power balance on the plasma generation, it was possible to estimate the plasma power. The plasma power was assumed to uniformly fill the vapor layer and the temperature of vapor layer was fixed in the boiling temperature of electrolyte, 375K. In the experiment, the aqua-plasma was discharged in the saline by applied the voltage on the bipolar electrode. The range of applied voltage was 234 to 280V-rms in the frequency of 380 kHz. Two type electrodes were produced with two ${\Phi}0.2$ tungsten. The plasma power was estimated from the V-I signal from the two high voltage probes and current probe. The estimated plasma power agreed with the profile of emission intensity when the plasma discharged between the metal electrode and vapor layer surface. However, when the plasma discharged between the metal electrodes, the increasing rate of emission intensity was lower than the increase of plasma power. It implies that the surface reaction is more sufficient rather than the volume reaction in the radical generation, due to the high density of water molecule in the liquid.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.110-116
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• 2016

This study was performed to evaluate and compare the antioxidant substance content and antioxidant activities of white (Superior) and colored (Hongyoung, Jayoung, Jasim, Seohong, and Jaseo) potatoes. The potatoes were extracted with 80% ethanol and were evaluated for the total polyphenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents and for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)/2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and ferrous metal ion chelating effect. The total polyphenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents of Hongyoung and Jayoung were higher than white and other colored potatoes. All colored potato extracts, except for Jaseo and Seohong, showed higher ABTS radical scavenging activities than the general white potato extract. Hongyoung and Jayoung had the highest ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Optical density values for the reducing power of Jayoung and Jaseo at concentration of 2 mg/mL were 0.148 and 0.090, respectively. All colored potato extracts had lower ferrous metal ion chelating effect than the white potato. A significant (P<0.05) positive correlation was observed between total polyphenol content and total flavonoid content (r=0.919), anthocyanin content (r=0.992), and ABTS radical scavenging activity (r=0.897). Based on these results, this research may be useful in developing the Hongyoung and Jayoung cultivars with high antioxidant activities.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1216-1220
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• 2003

밤꽃의 항산화효과를 측정하기 위해 밤꽃의 수꽃을 수집하여 메탄올로 추출한 후 추출물의 항산화 효과를 측정하였다. 밤꽃 조추출물의 추출수율은 6.26% 였으며, 총 페놀함량은 0.199 mg/mL 인 것으로 나타났다. DPPH법으로 free radical 소거능을 측정한 결과 밤꽃 추출물이 17.22%로 기존의 항산화제에 비해서는 소거능이 다소 낮은 것으로 측정되었다. SOD 유사활성 측정은 밤꽃 추출물이 65.10%로 BHT(95.70%)와 quercetin(93.29%)에 비해 낮았지만, ascorbic acid(30.30%) 보다는 높은 활성을 나타내었다. Lecithin 산화저해율은 밤꽃 추출물이 51.45%, BHT(67.08%), quercetin(63.46%), ascorbic acid(23.60%), chlorogenic acid(48.76%), tannic acid(50.10%)로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과 밤꽃 추출물이 DPPH free radical 소거능에서 기존 항산화제에 비해 낮은 활성을 나타냈지만, 시간경과에 따른 활성의 지속성과 50% 이상의 지질과산화 억제효과가 있어 천연항산화제로서의 가능성이 충분히 있는 것으로 추정된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2015

The present study was to investigate the antioxidant activity in ethanol and water extracts of root and stem of Sargassum coreanum. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by total polyphenol contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, chelating effect, reducing power, and rancimat method. Total polyphenol contents of ethanol and water extracts were 32.79 mg/g and 15.55 mg/g, respectively. Ethanol extract showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than water extract and similar activity to BHT. Reducing power of extracts was increased in a concentration-dependent manner and ethanol extract had more reducing power than water extract. Ethanol and water extracts have little chelating effect at all concentrations. Antioxidant index (AI) of ethanol extract measured by Rancimat was higher than that of water extract, but their AI was lower than that of BHT. These results indicate that ethanol extract of S. coreanum root and stem has more potent antioxidant activity than water extract through DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power, and could potentially be used as a good source of natural antioxidants.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.180-187
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• 1992

This study investigated the hypothesis that carcinogen-induced elevation of oxyradical during the hepatocarcinogenesis in rat. The hepatic preneoplastic lesions in the Spraque-Dawley rats were induced by the carcinogen treatment such as diethylnitrosamine(DEN) and acetylaminofluorene(AAF) in combination with partial hepatectomy(PH). The liver sample was taken at 2, 6, 10 and 16 months after carcinogen treatments followed by PH. Carcinogen treatments initially increased the indices of oxidative damage(activities of xanthine oxidase and production rates of superoxide anion, microsomal hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical) in the liver compared to PH groups. However, cytosolic hydrogen peroxide did not change significantly throughout the full time period. Of hydrogen peroxide scavenger, the catalase was remained lower than PH groups, whereas the peroxidase was increased after carcinogen treatments. Morphologically, the immunohistochemical analysis with glutathione-S-transferase of a placenta form(GSTP) antibody was used to detect the induction of preneoplastic nodules. During the hepatocarcinogenesis, both production rate of hydroxyl radical and activity of glutathione-S-transferase(GST) markedly increased with the appearance of the preneoplastic nodule. These results indicated that the hydroxyl radical of reactive oxygen species seemed to have a major influence on the hepatocarcinogenesis and the effect of time after removal of the carcinogen also appeared to be highly critical in the hepatocarcinogenesis.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.319-323
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• 2020

This study investigated the physicochemical properties of Pekin duck breast meat obtained from ducks fed diets consisting different types of sipjeondaebo-tang by-products and red ginseng marc with fermented red koji during storage. A total of 180 Pekin ducks (0-day old) were divided into four groups, each consisting of three replicates (15 ducks per pen). This study investigated diets with four types of treatments: control (basal diet),1% blend powder, pelleted 1% blend, and coated pellets of 1% blend; the blend was a mixture of sipjeondaebo-tang by-products powder and red ginseng marc with fermented red koji. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in duck breast meat pH on storage days 3 and 7, TBARS on storage days 0 through 7, and DPPH radical scavenging on storage days 0 and 7. However, the pH values on storage day 0 and DPPH radical scavenging on storage day 3 were significantly different (p<0.05) in the meats from control and treated diet fed ducks. Especially, on storage day 7, the breast meat from ducks treated with different types of sipjeondaebo-tang by-products and red ginseng marc with fermented red koji showed lower TBARS values and increased DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to the control. In conclusion, addition of different types of sipjeondaebo-tang by-product and red ginseng marc with fermented red koji to 1% blend might be helpful in increasing antioxidant effects and reducing product wastage.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.401-404
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 청국장의 기능성과 관능적 품질개선을 위한 연구의 일환으로 서리태청국장에 녹차를 0.5%, 2.0%, 5.0% 첨가(w/w)하여 청국장을 제조한 후 특성을 비교하고 항산화능을 검토하였다. 녹차 5% 첨가한 서리태청국장이 in vitro상에서 DPPH와 ${\cdot}OH$ 소거능이 우수하였고 관능검사 결과는 향, 맛, 종합적 기호도가 일반청국장과 유사하게 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 녹차 5% 첨가 서리태청국장이 청국장의 관능적 품질이 뛰어날 뿐만 아니라 항산화활성이 가장 높은 것으로 평가되었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.437-440
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• 2006

To explore the possible usefulness of ${\beta}$-glucans as natural antioxidants, the antioxidant profiles of ${\beta}$-glucan, extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7911, and water soluble and insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan, isolated from yeast mutant S. cerevisiae IS2, were examined by five different in vitro evaluation methods: lipid peroxidation value (POV), nitric oxide (NO), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reducing power, and ${\beta}$-carotene diffusion assay. The antioxidant activities of all ${\beta}$-glucans evaluated in POV test were comparable to or better than that of the known antioxidant, vitamin C. Remarkably, the ${\beta}$-glucan and water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan possessed 2.5-fold more potent activity than vitamin C at a dosage of 2 mg. Although vitamin C showed 100-fold greater activity than all ${\beta}$-glucans in NO and DPPH tests for measuring the radical scavenging capacity, all ${\beta}$-glucans revealed higher radical scavenging activity than the known radical scavenger, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), in DPPH test. The water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan had 2.6- and 5-fold greater antioxidative activity than water soluble ${\beta}$-glucan in NO and DPPH tests, respectively, showing that all ${\beta}$-glucans were able to scavenge radicals such as NO or DPPH. While all ${\beta}$-glucans revealed lower antioxidant profiles than vitamin C in both reducing power activity and ${\beta}$-carotene agar diffusion assay, the ${\beta}$-glucan and water insoluble mutant ${\beta}$-glucan did show a marginal reducing power activity as well as a considerable ${\beta}$-carotene agar diffusion activity. These results confirmed the potential usefulness of these ${\beta}$-glucans as natural antioxidants.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.183-194
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• 1995

식이내 비타민 E 함량을 0mg vit. E/kg diet(STZ-OE군), 40mg vit. E/kg diet(STZ-40E군) 그리고 40mg vit. E/kg diet(STZ-400E군)로 달리하여 4주간 사육한 후 streptozotocin으로 당뇨병을 유발한 후 4일째에 희생시켜, 당뇨병 쥐에 있어서 MT합성에 미치는 비타민 E의 영향을 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 체중증가는 STZ을 투여하기 전까지는 대조군에 비해 STZ-0E군만 낮았으나 STZ투여한 후에는 STZ투여군들 모두가 현저하게 감소하였다. 실험군간을 비교해 보면 STZ-400E군이 STZ-0E, STZ-40E군에 비해 STZ을 투여한 후 감소율이 낮았다. 혈당량은 당뇨군들이 대조군에 비해 약 3배 정도 높았으나, 당뇨군들 중에서 비타민 E의 영향은 없었다. 간조직 중의 비타민 E 함량은 STZ-0E 및 STZ-40E군에서는 대조군 보다 각각 50, 36%씩 크게 감소되었으나 STZ-400E군은 차이가 없었다. Glutathione(GSH) 함량은 비타민 E의 다량 첨가군(STZ-400E)에서 GSH 함량과 GSH/GSSG비가 증가되었다. 간조직 중의 지질과산화가는 STZ-0E군과 STZ-40E군이 대조군 보다 5.6, 2.5배씩 높았으나 STZ-400E군은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. Piasma insulin level은 대조군에 비해 당뇨유발군 모두가 현저하게 감소하였고, 비타민 E의 효과는 관찰되지 않았다. Piasma cortisol level은 대조군에 비해 STZ-0E, STZ-40E군이 증가하였으나 STZ-400E군은 이들 두군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하여 대조군 수준이었다. 간장, 신장, 소장조직의 MT 함량은 대조군에 비해 당뇨유발군이 각각 5.3, 2.8, 16배 정도 현저히 증가되었는데 STZ-400E군은 STZ-0E, STZ-40E 이들 두군에 비해 현저하게 감소되었다. Sephadex G-75를 사용하여 간조직 중의 Zn-MT를 분리한 결과 당뇨 유발군에서 대조군 보다 Zn-MT peak가 증가되었으나 Cu-MT는 변화가 없었다. Zn-MT는 DEAE A-25를 사용하여 MTI, MTII peak를 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 STZ유발 당뇨쥐는 산화적 stress에 더욱 감수성이 높으므로 지질과 산화 반응이 정상군에 비해 촉진되었으며, 식이 중 공급되는 비타민 E 함량이 부족시는 더욱 가속화되었다. 더불어 간조직 중의 MT합성도 같은 양상으로 증가되어 당뇨병이 free radical 생성으로 인해 MT를 유도하는 하나의 새로운 인자인 것으로 확인하였다. 그러나 식이 중 비타민 E의 다량 급여시는 생체내 항산화계 효소들이 정상군에 가깝게 활성화되고, 생리적 항산화물질이 증가되었다. 따라서 식이비타민 E가 당뇨병으로 인한 지질과산화에 대한 항산화적 방어기구를 강화시키므로써 조직의 과산화적 손상을 환화시키는데 크게 기여함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 비타민 E 다량 투여로 간조직과 신장, 소장조직내의 total MT 함량이 감소되고 분리정제한 Zn-MT의 peak가 감소하는 것으로 보아 MT가 free radical scavenger로서 작용한 것이라고 생각된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 고기능성 쌀인 큰눈자미 배아의 phytosterols 함량 및 in vitro 항산화 활성을 평가하고, 성숙기 흰쥐에게 보충 급여한 당질 대사, 항산화 활성 및 일부 cytokines 개선 효과 여부를 검증하였다. Phytosterols 분석에서 NG보다 KG의 campesterol과 stigmasterol의 함량이 유의하게 높았다. NG에 비해 KG가 DPPH radical 소거 활성, 환원력 및 ABTS radical 소거능 측정에서 유의적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 실험동물은 각 10마리씩 3군으로 나누어 일반 식이를 급여하는 NC군, 일반현미배아 3%를 첨가하는 NG3군, 큰눈자미배아 3%를 첨가하는 KG3군으로 나누어 사육하였다. 그 결과 KG3군에서 체중증가량, 신장주위 및 총 지방량이 유의하게 감소하였다. 당질 대사에서 실험군들 간에 glucose, 인슐린, C-peptide 및 HOMA-IR의 수준이 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. KG3군에서 혈중 TNF-α 수준이 NG3에 비해 유의적으로 감소하고, SOD 활성이 유의하게 증가하였으며, leptin, AOPP 및 IL-6 수준이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 큰눈자미 배아는 높은 함량의 phytosterols과, 우수한 in vitro 항산화활성, 그리고 in vivo 실험에서 일부의 cytokine 개선 및 항산화에 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 제시하였고 향후 더 많은 생리활성물질 분석, 대사 지표 개선, 작용 기전 규명 등 세부적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.