• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.364-372
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to test whether maternal uncertainty and the general characteristics of mothers and children influenced maternal coping. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 190 mothers whose children had been admitted to the pediatric ward of a general hospital completed self-report questionnaires during their children's hospitalization. The questionnaires assessed the general characteristics of the mothers and children, maternal uncertainty, and maternal coping. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the research model. Results: In the multivariable model, help from one's spouse (t=3.10, p=.002), religion (t=2.68, p=.008), overall ambiguity (t=2.64, p=.009), and family income (t=2.33, p=.021) were associated with higher coping scores. Conclusion: This research model presents possible guidelines for pediatric nurses to provide comprehensive and accurate information on children's illnesses and treatments for mothers of children hospitalized in general hospitals. In particular, nurses should pay more attention to mothers who are not receiving help from their spouses, are not religious, and have a low family income.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.6 s.72
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• pp.201-218
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• 2004

The factors that affect the adjustment of the siblings of handicapped children were explored in this study. More specifically, how social and demographic variables affect the burdens the handicapped children's siblings experience, and how such burdens affect their adjustment in school and in the family were examined. The participants of this research were 139 students in elementary schools and middle schools, who have one or more handicapped siblings. The participants were recruited through their handicapped siblings who received services from social wet(are facilities in Daejon and Chungchong area. The scales used in this study were the measurement or Burdens for Handicapped children's siblings (Lee, Yoon Hwa, 2002), FACES (Olson et al, 1986). and The Measurement of Children's Adjustment in the School (Lim Jung Soon, 1993). The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, average. standard deviation, T-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. 'rho results show that handicapped children's siblings have no difficulty in adjusting in the family if they have a religion, an elderly mother, and a high family income. They have no difficulty in adjusting in the family and in school, as long as they have no or little negative change in family relationship, low psychological burden, and no negative relational change for the handicapped sibling. Father's age and the family income their the only factors that affect their adjustment in school.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.236-252
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of home-delivered meals during production and delivery for children from low-income families. Production flows from a facility in Seoul that provides home-delivered meals were analyzed and the time-temperature of the food was measured. Microbiological assessment was performed for the production environment, personal hygiene, and food samples at each production and delivery step based on the process approach. It took 2 hours or longer from completion of production to meal delivery. An aerobic colony count (ACC) and coliform were not detected at knives, cutting boards, and dish towels. However, ACC (at pre-preparation, preparation, and packing areas) and coliform (at the preparation area) were detected on the hands and gloves of employees. Air-borne bacterial counts varied according to day and preparation area (ND~6 CFU/plate/15 min). Food temperatures, on the completion of production and meal delivery, fell into temperature danger zones. ACC and coliform counts of raw ingredients did not decrease after pre-preparation (washing and sanitizing) for menus involving food preparation with no cook step. ACC decreased after cooking step for menus of food preparation with cook step, but the ACC of the stir-fried and seasoned dried filefish fillet on the completion of cooking was too numerous to count due to improper heating. The ACC of seasoned young Chinese cabbages (a menu with complex food preparation) increased during delivery (from 2.5 log CFU/ml to 5.0 log CFU/ml). This qualitative assessment of foodborne pathogens revealed that B. cereus was detected in vegetable and meat product menus. These results suggest time-temperature control is necessary during production and delivery and management guidelines during production of home-delivered meals are provided for safe production.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.233-246
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• 2014

This study investigates the level of satisfaction with quality attributes of meal services for low-income children in Wonju, Korea. Based on interviews with 287 subjects (users of meal boxes: 17.4%, card users: 82.6%; boys: 48.4%, girls: 51.6%; elementary school students: 44.4%, middle school students: 33.0%, high school students: 22.6%; two parents household: 29.8%, single- or no- parent household: 70.2%) through consent from their guardians, some key characteristics of the subjects and the relationships between their characteristics and the level of their satisfaction with meal services were examined. According to the results, the level of satisfaction ranged from 54.7% to 66.0% (those respondents indicating "very good" and "good") indicated that the meals were generally acceptable. The highest level of satisfaction was for sanitation (66.0%), followed by taste (64.0%), ease of choosing preferred menu items (61.9%), a proper temperature (61.9%), a sufficient amount (60.8%), diversity (56.3%), the comfortableness of the dining area (54.7%), and sufficient nutrition (41.0%). For these eight quality aspects of meal services, users of meal boxes were more likely to be satisfied with the comfortableness of the dining area, whereas card users, with the taste and temperature of the food. The type of meal service, the attitudes toward talking to friends about supporting meals, and subjectively perceived health status had significant effects on the level of satisfaction with meal services.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.333-344
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• 2018

The purpose of the study is to analyse the management state of three education welfare policies such as education welfare priority support program, Dream Start and after school program, the main education welfare policy for children and adolescent of the low income group and to suggest the development plan for the establishment of the effective and efficient education welfare policy. The study examines the advanced research and uses literature review to meet the purpose. The study draws the problem of each program and suggests the development plan of the education welfare policy for the children and adolescent of the low income group on the basis of the result of the comprehensive analysis. First, the related projects run separately by each government department should be rearranged into an integrated system in order to control comprehensively and together. Second, the system should be established to improve the expertise personnel in charge and increase the employment stability of the private personnel. Third, the authorities should raise the awareness on education and welfare through the connection and the discussion between each institution and the experts. Fourth, a new service model should be invented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.54
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• pp.173-197
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• 2016

This study aims to examine developmental trajectories and predictor variables of problem behaviors and school adjustment trajectories among children from low-income families using latent growth modeling. The data was collected from the 2nd year to the 4th year (2012-2014) of a community child center child panel survey conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. The major findings are as follows. First, as the grade went up, the problem behaviors of children from low-income families increased while school adjustment decreased. Second, multi-level domains, such as individual, school, and family variables influenced school adjustment trajectory, while only individual variables, such as depression, isolation, and motivation for achievement influenced problem behavior trajectory. Third, common protective factors between problem behaviors and school adjustment trajectories were motivation for achievement in and satisfaction of the community child center. Common risk factors between problem behaviors and school adjustment trajectories were isolation and aggression. Based on the results, the implications for child welfare practices were discussed.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.79-101
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• 2014

The main objective of this study is to explain the differences in intergenerational resource transfers among the middle-aged at various income levels. Analyses of data on financial resource transfers from the 2nd wave of the Korean Retirement and Income Study were conducted. The study sample consisted of 931 middle-aged individuals who had at least one living parent and one child. The data analysis methods were ${\chi}^2$ analysis, one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA), logistic regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Financial resource transfers are statistically significant factors explaining the preparation for later life and life satisfaction of middle-aged individuals. The empirical results reveal that the frequency of intergenerational financial transfers was significantly higher in high-income households than in middle- and low- income households. A comparison of high-, middle- and low-income households shows that financial resource transfers had a greater influence on the preparation for later life and life satisfaction of the middle-aged in middle-income households than in low- or high-income households. The level of life satisfaction was dependent upon to whom middle-aged individuals gave financial resources. In the middle-income group, the middle-aged who gave financial resources to their parents were more likely to have higher life satisfaction than those who did not. Receiving financial transfers from parents or children did not have a statistically significant impact on the life satisfaction of the middle-aged in any income-level group.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.42-52
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to find grounds for the development of a health promotion program by examining the risk factors affecting children in low-income families. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The subjects were 288 children under 13 years of age in We-Start, W city. The tools used included a household information questionnaire and risk assessment tools. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regressions. Results: Risk factors like disability problems (β=.38, p<.001), residential environment (β=.37, p<.001), parenting type (β=.27, p=.003), the foster's educational level (β=.22, p=.011), and the gender of the child (β=.19, p=.030) explained 51% (p<.001) of the preschoolers in crisis. For the schooler, academic achievement (β=.39, p<.001), disability problems (β=.24, p<.001), adaptation to school (β=.23, p<.001), noise from the environment (β=.20, p<.001), and the foster's job (β=-.15, p=.007) explained 50% (p<.001) of crisis of schooler. Conclusion: The study found that children (disability, gender), family (residential environment, type of parenting), and caregivers (educational level, economic competence) had a complex impact on crisis situations. In children of a school-going age, school life appeared to be an important influencing factor. Therefore, an integrated case management approach that considers children, carers, and the home environment is necessary.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1237-1248
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• 2008

This is to study the effects of the program of group art therapeuties for the low-income bracket children's melancholy and uneasiness. The experimental group is 19 children at their option of all 38 children in P child center at J city, Jeonbuk. The program has been going on after-school hours program at the facilities at 16times from May. 4 to August. 17, 2007. I have made the before-medium-after examination the COD, RCMAS and K-MFF through Repeated Measures ANOVA. The result is as follows, The melancholy of experimental group in comparison with that of control group is reduced by control group 0.42 and experimental group 2.67. And in lower rank group, the melancholy of experimental group for control group is dropped in the same way. In uneasiness, by the decrease of control group 0.10, experimental group 0.33, the uneasiness of experimental group for that of control group is decreased. In all drive, the drive of experimental group for that of control group is decreased by control group 0.12 and experimental group 0.33. And similarly, in all lower field, the drive of experimental group is reduced for that of control group. It is through our help to learn the proper way that they express their experience before the group members, listen to another person's story with attention, recognize their own and other's emotion, and are aware of feeling and action.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of being from low-income families on children's behavior problems and obesity. Methods: The research design was a descriptive survey study, and the participants were 197 children from low-income families who took part in activities at a local children's center. They were selected through convenience sampling. The participants completed a questionnaire, BASC-2 (Behavior Assessment System for Children). Results: The results are as follows: 22.3% had obesity, a rate higher than that of children in general. Further, 37.3% had attention deficit problems, 33.8% had problems adapting to school and 49% had other adaption problem. There was a gender-specific difference with respect to all of the behavior problems. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a lack of an identified child policy for behavior problems and health, and suggest a need for various programs and policies which could lead to development of behavior screening programs for children from low-income families.