• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.343-349
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• 2019

This study used data from the 3rd and 11th year of the Korean Welfare Panel to evaluate the effects of the Long-Term Care Insurance(LTCI) system on the consumption and expenditure of LTCI users' households. The study consisted of program group using LTCI and control group not using. Chi-square and t-test were used for the characteristic differences among the groups, and the difference of consumption expenditure was identified by multiple regression analysis. As a result, LTCI had a statistically significant effect on the health care costs of LTCI users' households, resulting in an increase in health care costs(${\beta}=3.06$). However, there was no statistically significant effect on the total cost of living, basic cost, education cost, and recreation/entertainment cost. Therefore, in order to show the effect of LTC system, we should try to reduce of self-pay and improve the contents and quality of the service of the LTC system.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.83-92
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• 2011

Apartment is settled down as a main housing type and massive supply has been conducted since 1990's. The government has focused on the housing supply to improve the housing number and cut its price. On the contrary, the management of the housing has been neglected to get an early deterioration. Since 1995's, various ways have been made to improve and maintain the building function and performance. Among these, the long-term repair plan has played a main role to manage the housing condition and plan the repair schedule for preparing the massive cost of repair such as a roof proof, elevator change. The long-tern repair plan provides the repair time and repair rate according to various construction types. Most of the management agent apply the repair standard into the field area. But the repair time could not reflect the present condition and bring into the wrong maintenance. Therefore, the repair time for the long-term maintenance plan would be revised and reflected from the material and technology development. |n this study, it aimed at improvement for the repair time in various construction types which are provided in the long-term repair plan. For this, the 22 management agents are surveyed directly. This study shows that the repair time of the painting are correspondent to the repair time of the long-term plan irregardless of the painting materials. Most of other areas would correspondently similar to the long-term plan. This study could not include the building location, material and other haracteristics. Therefore, the further study would be needed to reflect the building and materials attributes to get the detailed repair time.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.270-280
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• 2022

There has been a stream of literature studying moderators of the relationship between organizational ambidexterity and firm performance, but there remains a lack of research on moderators with a strategic perspective. We examined the effect of organizational ambidexterity on a firm's long-term performance and the moderating effect of a firm's relative exploration and exploitation based on a sample of 8,916 firms. We found a positive relationship between organizational ambidexterity and long-term performance measured by Tobin's q. The results also suggest that a firm's relative exploration positively moderates the relationship between organizational ambidexterity and long-term performance, whereas exploitation negatively moderates this relationship. We contribute to the current ambidexterity literature by integrating it with strategy literature. We found that the positive relationship between organizational ambidexterity and long-term performance is enlarged and long-lasting when a firm is a differentiator. In contrast, this positive relationship is lessened and short-lasting when a firm is a cost-leader.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.257-262
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• 2018

This study reviews the advent of long-term care (LTC) hospitals and its key issues in Korea. For analysis, enforcement ordinances and enforcement rules related to LTC hospitals were reviewed. Official statistic data were used for quantitative analysis and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development data were utilized for comparative analysis. Various references and expert interviews were conducted for status analysis. As of 2016, the number of LTC hospitals was 1,386 and the number of beds were 246,373. It showed the trend of increasing medical care costs and the cost of care at LTC hospitals increasing from 998.8 billion Korean won in 2008 to 4,745.6 billion Korean won in 2016, accounting for 7.3% of the total National Health Insurance expenditure. From the societal perspective, several issues were pointed out within the current health care system related to LTC hospitals: establishment of roles, concerns about the increase in medical expenses, and the quality of medical personnel.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 2007

Autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) is the neuromuscular junction disorder mostly caused by antibody against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR antibody) at the muscle endplate. The goal of treatment is to induce and maintain remission, i.e., absence of symptoms, with the least cost-to-benefit ratio. Although corticosteroids are effective in inducing remission in most patients, they have numerous potentially serious adverse effects with their long-term use. In addition, some patients do not respond or are intolerant to the conventional treatment. In this article, we discuss the difficulties encountered in long-term immunosuppressive treatment of MG, and review useful tips for the use of corticosteroids. Long-term immunosuppressive agents that can be used in steroid-refractory or -dependent patients will be reviewed with their safety profiles and efficacy in MG.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2024

In this study, four types of fall detection systems - designed with YOLOPose, principal component analysis (PCA), convolutional neural network (CNN), and long short-term memory (LSTM) architectures - were developed and compared in the detection of everyday falls. The experimental dataset encompassed seven types of activities: walking, lying, jumping, jumping in activities of daily living, falling backward, falling forward, and falling sideways. Keypoints extracted from YOLOPose were entered into the following architectures: RAW-LSTM, PCA-LSTM, RAW-PCA-LSTM, and PCA-CNN-LSTM. For the PCA architectures, the reduced input size stemming from a dimensionality reduction enhanced the operational efficiency in terms of computational time and memory at the cost of decreased accuracy. In contrast, the addition of a CNN resulted in higher complexity and lower accuracy. The RAW-LSTM architecture, which did not include either PCA or CNN, had the least number of parameters, which resulted in the best computational time and memory while also achieving the highest accuracy.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.311-335
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• 2009

This study investigates the factors barrier the performance of Korean manufacturing firms in China. Also an empirical data use the field survey of Korean manufacturing firms in China. as a result, First, we find that employment-cost factor, that is rising labor costs, a change of occupation is an effect the performance of Korean manufacturing firms in China. Second, business beginning year and by 7 region factor is very significant on the performance of Korean FDI firms in china. And then, Korean corporate investment in China is a desirable form of long-term investment shall be determined. also we know that regions of China, differentiated investment approach is effective. finally, The result shows that FDI to China is need of the long term plan, and In actual use, these FDI should be applied flexibly in china business environment.

• Proceedings of the Society of Korea Industrial and System Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.343-348
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• 2002

We are concerned with a long-term replenishment contract for the ARIMA demand process in a supply chain. The chain is composed of one supplier, one buyer and consumers for a product. The replenishment contract is based upon the well-known (s, Q) policy but allows us to contract future replenishments at a time with a price discount. Due to the larger forecast error of future demand, the buyer should keep a higher level of safety stock to provide the same level of service as the usual (s, Q) policy. However, the buyer can reduce his purchase cost by ordering a larger quantity at a discounted price. Hence, there exists a trade-off between the price discount and the inventory holding cost. For the ARIMA demand process, we present a model for the contract and an algorithm to find the number of the future replenishments. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and accurate.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.308-316
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• 1985

This paper proposes an analytic tool for long-term generation expansion planning based on the maximum principle. Many research works have been performed in the field of generation expansion planning. But few works can be found with the maxinmum principle. A recently published one worked by professor Young Moon Park et al. shows remarkable improvements in modeling and computation. But this modeling allows only thermal units. This paper has extended Professor Park's model so that the optimal pumped-storage operation is taken into account. So the ability for practical application is enhanced. In addition, the analytic supply-shortage cost function is included. The maximum principle is solved by gradient search due to its simplicity. Every iteration is treated as if mathematical programming such that all controls from the initial to the terminal time are manipulated within the same plane. Proposed methodology is tested in a real scale power system and the simulation results are compared with other available package. Capability of proposed method is fully demonstrated. It is expected that the proposed method can be served as a powerful analytic tool for long-term generation expansion planning.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.193-197
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• 2002

Polyurethane casting wing fairings included in F-5E/F 15% spar kit are to be installed on aircraft wing surfaces and used for compensating the changes of the aerodynamic configuration by the leading edge extension fairings. These fairing are mandatory items in repairing wing areas and was imported from foreign supplier with long term delivery and high cost. Accordingly, local manufacturing is necessary to get rid of above disadvantages such as long term delivery and high cost. Basic properties test of specimen to be developed and part's requirements after localization was taken and its values were similar or higher when comparing with the original's even in low temp test at -55C. Casting mold process was used to manufacture the polyurethane fairings and its demensional stability ＆ physical condition was proper and met to the related specification and drawing's requirements