• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2016

Purpose: Frequently, the apartment management offices have difficulties in effective repair works due to their insufficient technological capability to operate long-term repair program. There also have been many cases of failure in executing urgent repairs mainly because the repair allowance has not accumulated enough for the repair works on time. This study aimed to determine core items in apartment maintenance in order to reduce the confusion and unnecessary efforts for the management office by suggesting simple list of repair items. Method: Core items are defined using several indicators. The degrees of necessity for repair work(NRW) are calculated combining the impacts to living, safety, and aesthetics. Then the degrees of burden of repair cost(BRC) are estimated by analyzing actual long-term repair program of three apartment complexes. Lastly the degrees of accumulation demand for repair allowance(AD) are calculated with NRW and BRC. Result: The core items and essential items are suggested for three apartment types as case studies based on the indicators of NRW, BRC, and AD. Then, the required accumulated allowance per $m^2$ was calculated to effectively implement repair works.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.43-49
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to provide the fundamental data for the gradual apartment management plan. Through the questionnaire survey, residential satisfactions and maintenance consciousness were investigated. As the result of statistic analysis, the residents' needs for improvement according to the life span of apartment communities were found out. And we can also compare the differences about maintenance consciousness to the life span of apartment. The major research findings are as follows. First, the satisfaction averages according to the life span of apartment communities were classified two groups, less than 10 years' and over than 10 years'. By the requirement for improvement according as the life span apartment communities, habitability factors was demanded in less tham 10 years' group and safety factors was required in over than 10 years' group, Second, dwellers have high preference about remodeling to reconstruction. Especially we have to pay attention to the result that positive consciousness of remodeling and long term reparative marked highly in the group which has the short elapsed years. These results represent the possibility gradual step-by-step remodeling. In other words, the object of remodeling is not only odeteriorated apartments but also new apartments to have short elapsed years.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1889-1897
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• 2023

Objective: 'Cultured meat' has been suggested as means of solving the problems associated with overpopulation and gas emissions. Satellite cells are a major component in the production of cultured meat; however, these cells cannot be maintained in vitro over long periods. Fibronectin is a glycoprotein that affects biological processes such as cell adhesion, differentiation, and migration. Unfortunately, the characteristics of porcine satellite cells grown in a long-term culture when exposed to fibronectin-coated dishes are unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the appropriate concentration of fibronectin coated dishes for proliferation and maintenance of porcine satellite cells at long-term culture. Methods: In this study, we isolated the satellite cells and fibroblast cells with pre-plating method. We next analyzed the cell doubling time, cell cycle, and rate of expressed paired box 7 (Pax7) and myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD1) in porcine satellite cells cultured with 20 ㎍/mL of fibronectin-, gelatin-, and non-coated dishes at early and late passage. We then analyzed the proliferation of porcine satellite cells with various concentrations of mixed gelatin/fibronectin. We next determined the optimal concentration of fibronectin that would encourage proliferation and maintenance of porcine satellite cells in a long-term culture. Results: Doubling time was lowest when 20 ㎍/mL of fibronectin was used (as tested during an early and late passage). Levels of expressed Pax7 and MyoD1, assessed using immunocytochemistry, were highest in cells grown using fibronectin-coated dishes. The proliferation of gelatin/fibronectin mixed coatings had no significant effect on porcine satellite cells. The concentration of 5 ㎍/mL fibronectin coated dishes showed the lowest doubling time and maintained expression of Pax7. Conclusion: Fibronectin with 5㎍/mL effectively maintains porcine satellite cells, a discovery that will be of interest to those developing the next generation of artificial meats.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.50-61
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• 2015

Advances in healthcare technology and rapid economic growth lead to the increased life expectancy and consequently the size of elderly population. Korea is one of the countries that are rapidly aging. Thus, it is particularly important to prepare for the aging society. Recently, the number of healthcare institutions for the elderly citizens has increased. The purpose of selecting a hospital for the elderly is, in general, maintenance of health rather than improvement of health receiving proper treatment. Unlike choosing a hospital for treatment, customers of a long term care hospital have a different set of factors to consider. Especially, when choosing a long term care hospital, the influence of patient's family is greater than the patient. This study examines the factors they consider for long term care hospital. A total of 198 questionnaires were collected from the families of actual patients of long term care hospitals. Twelve questionnaires were found to be non-usable because of missing and unsatisfactory responses. Consequently, 186 questionnaires were used for the analyses. Findings of this study are as follows. First, seven factors have been identified to consider when choosing a long term care hospital for the elderly. They include convenience of facilities, costs variety of facility programs, service hours, reputation, accessibility, quality of medical staff, medical facilities, and facility size. Second, This study measured both importance and satisfaction with these attributes and analyzed the difference between them. Satisfaction was lower than importance in the categories of convenience of facilities, costs, and programs, and accessibility. On the other hand, satisfaction was higher in terms of service hours, reputation, and quality of medical staff. Finally, the current study found positive impact of accessibility and quality of medical staff on reuse intention of a long term care hospital.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.232-238
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• 2003

A health monitoring system becomes a very useful tool to obtain information on long term behavior of the important railway structures such as very long span and special type bridges. It can be also used to give a warning signal to the maintenance engineer when the structure shows abnormal behavior. However, due to long term use and temperature changes, the health monitoring system needs to be calibrated periodically. In this study, calibration and gauge factor readjustment process made for the health monitoring system installed in the railroad bridges and tunnel are reviewed and a few findings are updated. Future work will be concentrated on the long-term analysis of the measurement data and on the database structures so that the assessment of the structure is possible

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2013

Purpose - This study examines the adverse press coverage that has increased in proportion to the remarkable growth of various kinds of franchise businesses in the food service industry. Today, the trust of franchisees in relation to their franchisor, and the maintenance of good relations between the two, has become a significant social issue. This study investigates relationship satisfaction and the long-term commitment between the franchisor and franchisee. Research design, data, methodology - We used a path analysis to investigate the relationship between justice and trust, trust and relationship satisfaction, justice and relationship satisfaction, trust and long-term commitment, and relationship satisfaction and long-term commitment. Structural Equation Modeling and a Sobel test were used to investigate the mediating effects of trust and relationship satisfaction. Data were collected from 237 Food Franchisees in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in order to test the theoretical model and its hypotheses. Two research methodologies are generally used in the distribution management field. For this study, an empirical method was used. Results - A causal analysis was carried out to test if the research model has a sufficient fit index (for instance, χ² = 46.694, df = 10, p = .000, GFI = 0.946, AGFI = 0.850, RMR = 0.034, NFI = 0.966, CFI = 0.973), and the results showed that the model was sufficient, thus demonstrating the suitability of the research model. Each hypothesis had a positive influence, both on long-term commitment and relationship satisfaction. Justice with the franchisor had a positive influence on trust. Relation satisfaction cognized by franchisees was found to positively influence long-term commitment. The franchisee perception of justice in relation to the franchisor had no significant influence on long-term commitment. The study investigated the hypothesis that trust could mediate justice and long-term commitment, and that relationship satisfaction could also mediate long-term commitment Both trust and relationship satisfaction were found to be important for long-term commitment. Specifically, trust sub-factors and justice sub-factors influenced long-term commitment. Identification-based and knowledge-based trust were more important than calculus-based trust. Distributive justice was deemed more important than procedural justice; distributive justice should thus be strengthened. Conclusions - Both franchisor and franchisee were independent businesses. Evidently however, the franchisor could not ensure profit without long-term commitment from the franchisee. As for the success of the franchise business, the franchisor should carry out appropriate strategies leading to a satisfactory relationship. For example, transparency makes it possible to maintain and enhance trust and to improve relationship satisfaction. Just relations between franchisor and franchisee should make it possible to maintain and enhance the franchisee's trust. The franchisor should provide a variety of information with respect to the franchisee's business success. Finally, in order to improve the franchisee's long-term commitment, the franchisor should ensure a just approach with trust and relationship satisfaction among their strategies.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to suggest the more efficient system for management in urban park through the investigation of the managemental condition. Research sites for managemental condition were 9 municipal park managemental offices in Seoul, Pusan and Taegu. The degree of the managemental state in these parks was generally passive and low. So, each of them had to consider the ways how to buy private-owned sites, to standardize facility maintenance, to characterize the managemental objects, to enlarge managemental personnels and systems, to apply entrusting management, to plan user-service strategies and to shorten expenditures. Particularly the positive managemental improvement in user control was demanded to cope with the changing social needs. In long term, they had to develop basic elements for the reasonable park management, clear park maps, area of facilities, the event, citizen participation, budgets and etc., and had to prepare the middle-long term management plan and the precise analysis to the managemental criteria.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2006

In this paper, an advanced demand clustering algorithm which can explore the planned maintenance outage of generators in changed electricity industry is proposed. The major contribution of this paper can be captured in the development of the long-term estimates for the generation availability considering planned maintenance outage. Two conflicting viewpoints, one of which is reliability-focused and the other is economy-focused, are incorporated in the development of estimates of maintenance outage based on the advanced demand clustering algorithm. Based on the advanced clustering algorithm, in each demand cluster, conventional effective outage of generators which conceptually capture maintenance and forced outage of generators, are newly defined in order to properly address the characteristic of the planned maintenance outage in changed electricity markets. First, initial market demand is classified into multiple demand clusters, which are defined by the effective outage rates of generators and by the inherent characteristic of the initial demand. Then, based on the advanced demand clustering algorithm, the planned maintenance outages and corresponding effective outages of generators are reevaluated. Finally, the conventional demand clusters are newly classified in order to reflect the improved effective outages of generation markets. We have found that the revision of the demand clusters can change the number of the initial demand clusters, which cannot be captured in the conventional demand clustering process. Therefore, it can be seen that electricity market situations, which can also be classified into several groups which show similar patterns, can be more accurately clustered. From this the fundamental characteristics of power systems can be more efficiently analyzed, for this advanced classification can be widely applicable to other technical problems in power systems such as generation scheduling, power flow analysis, price forecasts, and so on.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.45-62
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• 2006

This research is carried out to inspect the Apartment Management System of Japan, to examine the similarities and differences between the Korean Apartment Management System and the Japanese Apartment Management System. First, as the basis law of apartment management, there exists the Building Unit Ownership Act, the Promotion Law fur Adequate Mansion Management of Japan, the Housing Law, Housing Execution Law and Rule of Korea. Second, the Association of Apartment Owners, an organization of owners of apartments in Japan and the Commission of the Representatives of the Occupants in Korea become the subject of maintenance. The Japan structure is made of the Assembly, the Director and the President. The Korean structure is made of Regular and Temporary Conferences and elected Officers(1 president, at least 2 directors and at least 1 inspector). The Commission of the Representatives of the Occupants and the Organization of Owners of Apartments make bylaws and diverse maintenance rules. Third, the foremost reason why the Korean structure of maintenance of apartments is less efficient than Japan is because of the small number of people dispatched to the living-environment maintenance team and their short terms. It is necessary to grow professionals related to this sector and to have enough public servants that specialize in this. Fourth, although it is compulsory to make long term plans for maintenance based on the Housing Law, because the reserve fund is decided by the maintenance rule(with no compulsory standards of reservation) of each apartment, it is difficult to reserve an adequate amount of reserve fund. So as in the example of the state of Hawaii in America, based on long term plans for maintenance, an execution rule of the Housing Law should be made which enforces to reserve at least 50 percent of future maintenance expenses.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.483-488
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 엔진유지관리 개선을 위해 Web 기반 선박엔진성능분석용 장기모니터링시스템을 구현하고자 한다. 이 시스템은 시뮬레이터, 다채널 A/D 변환기가 내장된 감시모듈, 모니터링 컴퓨터, 네트워크저장기(NAS), RS485 및 무선인터넷 통신시스템으로 구성된다. 기존 제품은 각 엔진마다 압력센서를 설치하고 이를 감시모듈에서 실시간으로 계측한 후 통신에 의해 현장 제어실 PC나 Web 상에서 모니터링이 가능하지만 많은 샘플링 압력데이터 용량으로 인해 통신전송속도가 느려지고, 장기모니터링에 오류가 발생할 수 있다. 이와 같은 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 각 실린더별 압력센서에서 받은 원본 압력데이터는 NAS에 저장하고, 원본 압력데이터를 구간별 다운샘플링을 하여 제어실에서 장기모니터링하고, Web에서의 장기모니터링을 위하여 다운샘플 데이터를 무선전송 한다. 제안한 방식에서는 전송량을 1/10로 하였으므로 작은 용량을 가진 메모리를 사용할 수 있고, 빠른 통신속도를 유지할 수 있어 통신비용이 절감되며, 화면전체에 약 30일간의 장기모니터링이 가능하여 엔진의 유지관리에 큰 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.