• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.405-406
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• 2014

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.342-350
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• 1999

Two location algorithm (TLA) considers two location areas (LAs) to track the location of a mobile station (MS). The TLA significantly outperforms the single location algorithm when the call-to-mobility ratio (CMR) is low (i.e., the user moves more frequently than to receive calls). However, because of the paging cost for the users moving back to the previously visited LA, the performance of the TLA degrades when the CMR is high. To reduce those paging cost, we propose the new algorithm called TLA with call information (TLAC). In TLAC, we use the location information of the MS within the setup message when the MS originates a call in the previously visited LA. Through the setup message, the system can know the exact location of the MS without the additional location registration operation, and the paging cost for the arriving calls in the visited LA can be reduced. An analytical model is proposed to compare the TLAC and previous TLA protocol. Our study indicates that the TLAC always guarantees better performance than the TLA. We also observe that the TLAC is much better than the TLA when the CMR is high.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.19-27
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• 2020

This research investigates the determinants of investment capital size in Vietnam's small and medium-sized firms. The study employs a sample of 458 small and medium-sized enterprises in the country. The study is based on data collects in the areas of Hanoi, Bac Can, Buon Ma Thuot and Pleiku Provinces at time series data of October 2019. This study also identifies the factors that affect the size of investment capital in medium and small-sized enterprises in Vietnam. Data are processed via STATA 14.0 and SPSS 20.0 software. The research results indicate that (1) business lines, (2) import and export business, (3) type of business registration, (4) business location, (5) operating time, and (6) the percentage of the organization's capital contribution are factors that impact on the size of the investment capital of the business. Business line and business location have negative impacts on investment capital size. The operating time, the percentage of the organization's capital contribution, import and export business, and the type of business registration have positive impacts on investment capital size. In addition, the findings of this study also suggest that the operation time has the highest impact on investment capital size of the small and medium-sized firms in Vietnam.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.406-416
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• 1995

This paper is concerned with a routing protocol for cost-effective communications between mobile hosts on computer networks in which mobile hosts can move freely their physical positions. The proposed routing protocol consists of two protocols : one is called location registration protocol performing registration of the location information as the mobile host does move; the other one is called message transfer protocol which actually delivers a message to the destination mobile host. The detailed protocol's operational behavior and major characteristics are presented. And it is shown that our protocols are superior to previous ones, in terms of the communication cost(i.e, number of messages) required for routing a message, and are functionally improved ones.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.253-264
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• 2002

Recently, hierarchical architectures of databases for location management have been proposed in order to accommodate the increase in user population in future personal communication systems. In particular, a 3-level hierarchical database architecture is compatible with current cellular mobile systems. In the architecture, a newly developed additional databases, regional location database(RLR), are positioned between HLR and VLRs. We propose an efficient cache scheme, called the Double T-thresholds Location Cache Scheme. The cache scheme extends the existing T-threshold location cache scheme which is competent only under 2-level architecture of location databases currently adopted by IS-41 and GSM. The idea behind our scheme is to use two pieces of cache information, VLR and RLR serving called portables. The two pieces are required in order to exploit root only locality of registration area(RA) but also locality of regional registration area(RRA) which is the wide area covered by RLR. We also use two threshold values in order to determine whether the two pieces are obsolete. In order to model the RRA residence time, the branching Eralng-$\infty$ distribution is introduced. Our minute cost analysis shows that the double T-threshold location cache scheme yields significant reduction of network and database costs for molt patterns of portables.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.1309-1314
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• 2007

The assignment of cells to reporting or non-reporting cells is an NP-hard problem having an exponential complexity in the Reporting Cell Location Management (RCLM) system. Frequent location update may result in degradation of quality of service due to interference. Miss on the location of a mobile terminal will necessitate a search operation on the network when a call comes in. The number of reporting cells and which cell must be reporting cell should be determined to balance the registration (location update) and search (paging) operations to minimize the cost of RCLM system. T1is paper compares Max-Min ant system (MMAS), rank-based ant system (RAS) and hybrid method of MMAS and RAS that generally used to solve combinatorial optimization problems. Experimental results demonstrate that hybrid method of MMAS and RAS is an effective and competitive approach in fairly satisfactory results with respect to solution quality and execution time for the optimal design of location management system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.249-251
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• 1998

본 논문은 개인 휴대통신망네에서의 각 노드간 시그날링 트래픽을 감소시키기 위한 기법에 관한 연구이다. 미래의 개인휴대통신망에서는 셀 크기가 더욱 작이지고 사용자가 증가혀 현 개인휴대통신의 문제점인 HLR로의 시그날 병목현상. 인접지역에서의 핑퐁효과 발생이 더욱 심화돌 것이다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제의 해결을 위해 각 VLR들이 자신을 중심으로 일정한 Circle Registration area를 가지면 이 area내의 VLR 들의 id를 가지는 DCLR(Dynamic Circle Location Register)이 되도록 한다. 단말이 다른 지역으로이동할 때 마다 단말이 현 DCLR area에 있는지를 검사후 해당 DCLR 로 단말의 최신 위치정보를 연속적으로 전송하고, 또한 이러한 이동에 따라 동적으로 단말의 DCLR이 변화되며, 호 발생시는 단말의 해당 DCLR을 조회함으로써 수신자의 위치를 추적한다. 이 방식은 기존 방식에서 사용자가 다른 지역으로 이동할 때마다 HLR로 매번 등록하고 질의함으로써 발생되는 HLR로의 시그널링 신호 과부하를 효율적으로 분산, 감소시키며 인접지역 경계간에 발생되는 핑퐁효과가 발생되지 않도록 한다.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.21 no.B
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• pp.257-263
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• 2001

Terminal paging is the process of determining the exact location of a particular mobile terminal. The paging cost is related to the number of paging cycles and the number of cells being polled by each cycle. In this paper, we first analyze the performance of various terminal paging strategies in terms of the number of polling cycles and the number of polling signals. Then we present a paging scheme which combines Shortest-Distance-First with movement history list. Simulation results show that the proposed paging scheme reduces the number of polling signals as well as the number of polling cycles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.485-491
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• 2008

LiDAR systems are usually incorporated a laser scanner and GPS/INS modules with a digital aerial camera. LiDAR point clouds and digital aerial images acquired by the systems provide complementary spatial information on the ground. In addition, some of laser scanners provide intensity, radiometric information on the surface of the earth. Since the intensity is unnecessary of registration and provides the radiometric information at a certain wavelength on the location of LiDAR point, it can be a valuable ancillary information but it does not deliver sufficient radiometric information compared with digital images. This study utilize the LiDAR points as ground control points (GCPs) to adjust exterior orientations(EOs) of the stereo images. It is difficult to find exact point of LiDAR corresponding to conjugate points in stereo images, but this study used intensity of LiDAR as an ancillary data to find the GCPs. The LiDAR points were successfully used to adjust EOs of stereo aerial images, therefore, successfully provided the prerequisite for the precise registration of the two data sets from the LiDAR systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.142-145
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• 2004

More complex geometric shapes, including freeform surfaces, are adopted for the design of products to emphasize styling or aesthetics. Modeling of these products is extremely difficult, and often impossible. Reverse engineering is an emerging technology that can resolve this problem by generating CAD models from the physical mockups or prototype models. The laser scanner if often used to acquire the surface information of the part, but is limited in its measuring direction, which if fixed only along the z-axis. A Designed fixture of new shape to supplement these problems in this paper. The new fixture using several joints and an tooling ball holder is designed considering the convenience of the part set-up and the accuracy of the registration. The location of the tooling balls can be arranged to avoid the occlusion of the part and to minimize the registration error. The new fixture is apply to an object part having freeform surfaces to verify the effectiveness of the proposed design.