• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.87-107
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• 2015

Considering the localization estimation issue in mixed line-of-sight (LOS)/non-LOS(NLOS) environments based on received signal strength (RSS) measurements in wireless sensor networks, a grid-based correlation method based on the relationship between distance and RSS is proposed in this paper. The Maximum-Likelihood (ML) estimator is appended to further improve the localization accuracy. Furthermore, in order to reduce computation load and enhance performance, an improved recursively version with NLOS mitigation is also proposed. The most advantages of the proposed localization algorithm is that, it does not need any prior knowledge of the propagation model parameters and therefore does not need any offline calibration effort to calibrate the model parameters in harsh environments, which makes it more convenient for rapid implementation in practical applications. The simulation and experimental results evidence that the proposed localization algorithm exhibits good localization performance and flexibilities for different devices.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2015

Most research on Official Development Assistance (ODA) targeted the recipients, but this study examines the effect of ODA on the donor's exports to the recipient. To do this, a panel analysis was carried out with ODA and macroeconomic data on the United States and 33 other countries from 1999 to 2009. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The economic influence on the donor varies with the recipient's localization effort. (2) High-tech exports to the recipient are independent of ODA. (3) In medium-to-low-technology areas, ODA has a positive effect on exports to the recipient with low absorption efforts. (4) Both High-tech and LM-tech product exports decreases with the technological innovation efforts of recipients with high absorption efforts, while High-tech product exports only increases with that of recipients with low absorption efforts. These results indicate that a strategic approach for ODA program is more effective and useful to the donor's economy.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.142-154
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• 2015

Fault localization techniques help locate faults in source codes by exploiting collected test information and have shown promising results. To precisely locate faults, the techniques require a large number of test cases that sufficiently exercise the executable statements together with the label information of each test case as a failure or a success. However, during the process of software development, developers may not have high-coverage test cases to effectively locate faults. With the test case generation techniques, a large number of test cases without expected outputs can be automatically generated. Whereas the execution results for generated test cases need to be inspected by developers, which brings much manual effort and potentially hampers fault-localization effectiveness. To address this problem, this paper presents a method to select a few test cases from a number of test cases without expected outputs for result inspection, and in the meantime selected test cases can still support effective fault localization. The experimental results show that our approach can significantly reduce the number of test cases that need to be inspected by developers and the effectiveness of fault localization techniques is close to that of whole test cases.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.145-150
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• 2016

Finding the exact location of faults in a program requires enormous time and effort. Several fault localization methods based on control flows of a program have been studied for decades. Unfortunately, these methods are not applicable to programs based on data-flow languages. A recently proposed mutation-based fault localization method is applicable to data-flow languages, as well as control-flow languages. However, there are no studies on the effectiveness of the mutation-based fault localization method for data-flow based programs. In this paper, we provided an experimental case study to evaluate the effectiveness of mutation-based fault localization on programs implemented in Function Block Diagram (FBD), a widely used data-flow based language in safety-critical systems implementation. We analyzed several real faults in the implementation of FBD programs of a nuclear reactor protection system, and evaluated the mutation-based fault localization effectiveness for each fault.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.240-243
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• 2022

Tracking the location of program defects is an essential task for software maintenance and repair. When a bug report is submitted, bug localization is a costly task because of the developer's manual effort. Many researchers have tried to automate the task, but according to the reported results, the performance is still insufficient in practice. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed a large amount of bug report data and the latest research and found that the existing studies used only one preprocessing without considering the characteristics of the bug report. In this paper, to solve the problems mentioned earlier, we propose a pre/post-processing operator selection approach for bug localization.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.455-465
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• 2008

Augmented reality (AR) has tremendous potential in visualizing geospatial information, especially on the actual physical scenes. However, to utilize augmented reality in mobile system, many researches have undergone with GPS or ubiquitous marker based approaches. Although there are several papers written with vision based markerless tracking, previous approaches provide fairly good results only in largely under "controlled environments." Localization and tracking of current position become more complex problem when it is used in indoor environments. Many proposed Radio Frequency (RF) based tracking and localization. However, it does cause deployment problems of large RF-based sensors and readers. In this paper, we present a noble markerless AR approach for indoor (possible outdoor, too) navigation system only using monoSLAM (Monocular Simultaneous Localization and Map building) algorithm to full-fill our grand effort to develop mobile seamless indoor/outdoor u-GIS system. The paper briefly explains the basic SLAM algorithm, then the implementation of our system.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.127-131
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• 2022

The structural safety of prototype transport and storage containers for very low-level radioactive liquid waste was experimentally estimated for its localization development. Transport containers for radioactive liquid waste have been researched and developed, however, there are no standardized commercial containers for very low-level radioactive waste in Korea. In this study, the structural safety of the designated IP-2 type container capable of transporting and temporarily storing large amounts of very low-level liquid waste, which is generated during the operation and decommissioning of nuclear power plants, was demonstrated. The stacking and drop tests, which were conducted to determine the structural integrity of the container, verified that there was no external leakage of the contents in spite of its structural deformation due to the drop impact. This study shows the effort required for the localization of the technology used in manufacturing transport and storage containers for very low-level radioactive liquid waste, and the additional structural reinforcement of the container in which the commercial intermediate bulk container (IBC) external frame was coupled.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11c
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• pp.426-428
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• 2004

Sensor network supports data delivery from physical world to cyber space Sensors get physical events then wireless network transfers sensor data to service server. We use sensor network technology to manage location information of asset. In ubiquitous computing environment, user localization is basic context for intelligent service. A lot of research group make effort to develop low cost localization technology. In this paper, we propose asset monitoring system using wireless sensor network. It is implemented using ad hoc network technology which can be adopted to smart home and this system can monitor the asset location and movement.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.176-202
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• 1999

Korea has exerted her efforts to assimilate nuclear power technology, and reportedly localized 95 percent of nuclear power technology by 1995. This paper investigates the evolution of nuclear power program in Korea to exploit the development process of the nuclear power industry and key factors for the technological localization of nuclear power plant. In developing countries, an imitative catching-up process can be shown as a course for developing the absorptive capacity of foreign technology, which depends on prior knowledge base and the intensity of effort. The process of technological learning consists of five stages including preparation, implementation of foreign technology, acquisition of peripheral technology, acquisition of core technology, and improvement f foreign technology. Moreover, this paper discusses six essential factors that have influenced the successful achievement of technological localization of nuclear power plants in Korea. They include the role and strategies of the government, the leading role of utility firm, the development and cooperation of the related organizations, the development of human resources and their efforts, market conditions and the assistance of foreign donors, and social conditions. Finally, this paper discusses about implications offered by the Korean experience for other developing countries.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.88-96
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• 2001

Rail crossings are major accident-prone areas. Higher traffic volume, frequent rail operation, increased train speed all contribute to increased accident rate and severity In Korea efforts are being made to upgrade currently at-grade rail crossings to grade crossings. There is, however, no quantified analysis measures to analyse the impact of rail grade crossing, thus make it difficult to prioritize different projects under the budget constraints. Projects are selected based on the negotiation between Korea National Railway(KNR) and local governments. To shed light on the development effort for Korean procedure, GradeDec 2000 program of Federal Railroad Adminstration(FRA) was applied for Korean context. Case study involving three rail crossing was ca]lied out, and results are analyzed. Research efforts which need further attention are identified, research direction is analyzed considering local procedure, and issues in the application of the procedures are discussed in detail.