• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권13호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2008

이 논문은 국정홍보처 폐지와 관련하여, 각 지자체가 정책 활동의 주체가 되어 정책 및 서비스를 국민전체에게, 주민의 알권리 충족을 위하여, 어떤 홍보마케팅의 노력을 하고 있는지 알고자 하였다. 그래서 효율적인 정책홍보 방안과 각 지자체에서 만화를 활용하여 정책을 알리고 있는 자료를 각 지자체에 요구하였다. 각 지자체의 일반 정책전달 매체는 공보팀의 광고홍보, 통, 리, 반장을 활용한 홍보, 인터넷, 전광판, 홈페이지, 언론 (신문, 방송), 각종 교육 및 간담회, 간행물, 현수막 게시대 등이었다. 만화를 이용한 정책전달 분야는 국정분야, 지자체, 우리고장 알리기, 인터넷활용, 주민교육, 지역홍보 등이다. 이 자료를 바탕으로 정책을 홍보 객체에게 설득함으로써 호의와 신뢰를 확보하려는 지자체의 정책홍보활동과 홍보만화의 활용에 대한 효과를 중점적으로 연구해 보고자 하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.211-222
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• 1996

수태기간중 태아가 모체에 의해 면역학적으로 거부반응을 일으키지 않고 동종이식 상태로 유지되는 기작을 밝히는 연구의 일환으로 C3H/HeJ계의 암컷 생쥐와 DBA/2계의 수컷 생쥐를 교배하여 모체에서 발생되는 체계적인 면역기능 및 국소적 면역기능현상에 대하여 연구하고자 수태기 간별로 비 장 및 자궁으로 들어가는 림프절에서 T세포 및 B세포의 아형을 측정하였고 자연살해 세포의 활성도를 측정하였다. 또한 수태혈청 및 수태성 호르몬이 자연살해세포의 활성도에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 각 수태기간별로 비장세포에 있어서 T세포와 B세포의 아형을 관찰한 결과, Thy-1.2$^{+}$세포는 수태기간중 중기 이후에 감소하기 시작하여 수태 4기에는 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 감소하였으며 수태말기에는 회복하였다. L3T4$^{+}$세포도 Thy-1.2$^{+}$ 세포와 비교하여 비슷한 경향으로 감소 또는 증가하였다. Ly2$^{+}$세포는 수태중기 이후부터 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였으며 B세포는 수태중기 이후부터 수태말기까지 계속 증가하였다. 비장에 있어서 자연살해세포의 세포독성은 수태 5일에서 수태 8일 사이에 가장 증가하였으며 그 이후는 대조군 수준으로 감소하였다. 정상혈청 및 수태혈청의 자연살해세포의 세포독성에 대한 영향을 수태시기별로 조사한 결과, 정상혈청과 수태혈청 모두 자연살해세포의 세포독성을 유의하게 억제하였으며, Progesterone은 시험관내실험과 생체내 실험 모두 약리적인 농도이상에서 농도에 의존적으로 자연살해세포의 세포독성을 증가시켰으며, HCG는 5 unit/ml에서 5000 unit/ml까지 처리농도에 비례하여 자연살해세포의 세포독성을 억제하였다. 자궁으로 들어가는 림프절에서 T세포의 아형은 Thy-1.2$^{+}$세포는 수태 2기부터 증가하여 대조군에 보다 유의하게 증가하였으며, L3T4$^{+}$세포의 유의한 변화없이 Ly2$^{+}$세포가 수태 2기 이후부터 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였고 분만 직전에는 조금 감소하였다. 자궁으로 들어가는 림프절에서의 자연살해세포의 세포독성은 착상직후 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였으며, 수태중기와 수태후기에도 대조군에 비하여 세포독성이 증가하였으며, 같은 시기의 비장세포의 자연살해세포의 세포독성보다 높게 나타났다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2019

Background: Uncooperative behavior of children due to dental anxiety may interfere with the effective delivery of dental care and compromise the quality of treatment provided. Injection of local anesthesia is one of the most anxiety-inducing stimuli in pediatric dentistry. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of a child-friendly device, having a combined effect of vibration and distraction, with the conventional method of injection on pain, anxiety, and behavior of pediatric patients aged 6-11 years. Methods: This randomized, crossover, split-mouth study included 30 children requiring a bilateral inferior alveolar nerve block. The children were equally divided into two groups: group 1, aged 6-8 and group 2, aged 9-11 years. All children were injected with anesthesia using the conventional and device method in two separate sessions. They were assessed for anxiety by measuring the pulse rate before and during the administration of local anesthesia. Behavior was assessed using Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale, and the child's experience while receiving anesthesia was assessed using the Wong Bakers Pain Rating Scale. Results: Results showed that the children who received local anesthesia using the device method had a lower mean pulse rate, FLACC scores, and pain rating scores than those who received local anesthesia using the conventional method. Conclusion: The device method was more effective than the conventional method in managing pain, anxiety, and behavior of patients aged 6-11 years. The device is a cost effective, simple, and child-friendly product for administrating local anesthesia in pediatric patients.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2018

This study aims to identify more reasonable and efficient development plans to engage local university students in landscape improvement projects in rural areas. To survey university students, residents, administrators and experts involved in such projects on important considerations in this regard, SWOT analysis was employed to identify important factors, followed by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate their relative importance, identify problems and suggest implications for improvement. The results are summarized as follows: the relative importance of the SWOT group was in the order of opportunity, strength, threat, and weakness. For each SWOT factor, the relative importance of strengths was in the order of students' aspiration and passion, availability of creative ideas and designs, and improved attachment to their community. The relative importance of weaknesses was in the order of the lack of spontaneous participation of residents, short preparation periods and insufficient budgets, and the lack of experience in similar projects. The relative importance of opportunities was in the order of young students' activity itself being a boost factor to the community, students' endeavors arising a consensus among residents, and students feeling a sense of duty as representatives of their school. The relative importance of threats was in the order of projects being one-shot, temporary events, immaturity, and differences in preferences between older and younger generations. To draw an overall ranking of the sub-factors evaluated, the overall relative importance of the decision-making factors was evaluated. Among the sub-factors for each SWOT group, young students' activity itself being a boost factor to the community as an opportunity factor was shown to be the most important, while the lack of experience in similar projects was shown to be the least important as administrators and experts made appropriate interventions in each stage.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.405-415
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to compare greenhouse gas emissions from road transportation by calculation methods (Tier 1, Teir 2, and Tier 3). Tier 1 based on 2006 IPCC guidelines default emission factor and amount of fuel consumption. The Tier 2 approach is the same as Tier 1 except that country-specific carbon contents of the fuel sold in road transport are used. Tier 2 based on emission factor of guidelines for local government greenhouse gas inventories (Korea Environment Corporation), the fuel consumption per one vehicle, and the registered motor vehicles. The Tier 3 approach requires detailed, country-specific data to generate activity-based emission factors for vehicle subcategories (National Institute of Environmental Research) and may involve national models. Tier 3 calculates emissions by multiplying emission factors by vehicle activity levels (e.g., VKT) for each vehicle subcategory and possible road type. VKT was estimated by using GIS road map and traffic volume of the section. The GHG average emission rate by the Tier 1 was 728,857 $tonCO_2eq$/yr, while Tier 2 and Tier 3 were 864,757 $tonCO_2eq$/yr and 661,710 $tonCO_2eq$/yr, respectively. Tier 3 was underestimated by 10.1 and 20.7 percent for the GHG emission observed by Tier 1 and Tier 2, respectively. Based on this study, we conclude that Tier 2 is reasonable GHG emissions than Tier 1 or Tier 3. But, further study is still needed to accurate GHG emission from Tier 3 method by expanding the traffic survey area and developing the model of local road traffic.

• 한국잔디학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잔디학회 2002년도 제15차 한국잔디학회 정기총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.3-5
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• 2002

This study was carried out to get better understandings about morphological, ecological, and genetical characteristics of annual bluegrass collected from different golf courses in Korea and eventually to establish a successful control strategy. Twenty five local lines of annual bluegrass collected from 20 golf courses in Korea were classified into annual or perennial type on the basis of morphological characteristics. Twelve local lines showing obvious morphological differences were selected and then genetically assessed using RAPD analysis. Classification of the 12 local lines through RAPD analysis were considerably similar to that determined by both of morphological differences and phenotype. Responses of the two types of annual blugrass to herbicides were also examined. Shoot growth of annual bluegrass was significantly suppressed by flazasulfuron and the annual type was more susceptible than perennial type, regardless of flazasulfuron concentrations used. By pendimethalin treatment, there was no clear difference in susceptibility between the two types of annual bluegrass. However, by the treatment of dithiopyr, annual type was more sensitive than perennial type in both shoot and root growth. Nine tree species were screened to detect their allelopathic potential on turfgrasses and annual bluegrass. Acacia (Robinia pseudo-acacia) leaves showed selective inhibition in the shoot and root growth as well as their seed germination when treated with 2% and 10%(v/v) of the extract. However, the other leaf extracts except acacia inhibited non-selectively the growth of three turfgrass species such as bentgrass, perennial ryegrass and zoysiagrass and annual bluegrass. The PAL activities of annual bluegrass increased at 24 h after treatment of acacia leaf extract and peaked at 36 h and then decreased till 60h. The highest PAL activity was observed at 36h after treatment of 10%. The highest activity of CA4H in annual bluegrass was observed at 2h after treatment of acacia extract and the level was 4 times greater than that of the control. The phenolic acids such as p-coumaric acid, salicylic acid and ferulic acid were increased with the treatment of acacia leaf extract. The chloroplast membrane and cell wall of annual bluegrass were destroyed by treatment of acacia leaf extract and its inner materials were released. The membranes in annual bluegrass cells might be destroyed by phytotoxic compounds from acacia leaf extract.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.67-93
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• 2014

The social capital of an organization is recognized as the origin of the knowledge capital creation, and it becomes the mechanisms which explain the interaction of members or which accelerate the behavior of the members to attain the goal of an organization (Park, 2001; Jang et al., 2011). Lots of researches show that this causal relationship empirically exists. Social capital and knowledge capital of an organization are one of the most important competitive advantages that a company needs. They are also the main dynamic drivers of the innovation activity. This study analyzes the relationship and examines the impact and role of an organization's social capital on intellectual capital and innovation activities in an organization. In other words, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of social capital on the intellectual capital and innovation activities of, in particular, China local companies. This study empirically analyzed the survey data collected from the employees of the companies located in China. Our empirical results of this study showed that social capital has significantly causal effects on intellectual capital partially and also showed the intellectual capital has significantly positive effects on the innovation activities partially.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2022

When free-ranging birds are accidentally killed or die, there may be greater potential for their associated ticks to detach, seek alternate hosts, and become established. We examined 711 carcasses of 95 avian species for ticks at a stopover island of migratory birds in the Republic of Korea where only Ixodes nipponensis and I. persulcatus were previously reported from local mammals and vegetation. A total of 16 ticks, I. turdus and Haemaphysalis flava, were collected from 8 fresh carcasses belonging to 5 avian species. Despite their known abundance on migratory birds and mainland Korea, these species had not colonized the isolated insular ecosystem possibly due to the low abundance and diversity of local hosts. The results imply that increasing human impact, such as the anthropogenic mortality of migratory birds and the introduction of non-native mammalian hosts, will increase the potential invasion and colonization risk of ticks. This finding also suggests that tick surveillance consisting of fresh carcasses of dead migratory birds may provide additional information, often ignored in surveillance of ticks on live birds, for the potential introduction of non-native ticks and associated pathogens affecting animal and human health.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 1995

Pharmacognostic study was carried out on the seeds of Trigonella foenumgraecum L. (fenugreek) in order to establish its pharmacognostic characteristics. In view of its renewed interest as a dietary supplement among the local inhabitants afflicted with diabetes, its hypoglycaemic activity in normal as well as diabetic rats was also investigated. Oral glucose tolerance test showed that a suspension of the powdered trigonella seed inhibited the increase in blood glucose levels in normal rats that had been treated with an oral glucose load prior to the test. A reduction in the blood glucose levels was also observed when a suspension of the powdered seed was given by gastric intubation to the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. These findings suggested that trigonella seeds possessed some hypoglycaemic activities that might be useful to the diabetics.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 1999

Ethanolic extracts of different parts of 10 local traditional vegetables (ulam) (Amaranthus gangeticus, Jussiaea linifolia, Eugenia polyantha, Trapa incisa, Trichosanthes anquina, Mangifera indica, Pachyrrhirus erosus, Barringtonia mcarostachya, Carica papaya, and Coleus tuberosus) were screened for in vitro antitumor promoting activity using the inhibition test of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activation in Raji cells induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and sodium-n-butyrate. All the extracts were found to have strong inhibition activity toward EBV-activation, except for leaf extract of T. anquina. The extracts were non-cytotoxic to the Raji cells except for the extracts of A. gangeticus (leaves), B. macrostachya (leaves), E. polyantha (young leaves), and J. linifolia (leaves) where the viability of the cells were decreased significantly.