• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.825-830
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• 2005

Traffic control is the center of the railway traffic control system. The main objective of railway traffic control system is to minimize delays, providing the customers with on-time train operating service according to the given train schedule. Particularly, within the station control area, the departure & arrival of train. the decision on the train priority and the shunting of train are decided by the authority of the local traffic controller. Therefore, it is necessary to have a lot of information and communications between each departments. And for such decision making of the local traffic controller, not only the communication between each stations are needed, but also the communication between other stations are needed too. In this paper, we have analyzed the main work of the local traffic controller in large scale stations and have designed the station traffic control system needed to be built within the station considering the local traffic. And we have proposed not only the communication with other system within station, but also the communication methods for communications with the neighboring stations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2021

Many approaches to local anesthesia have been studied in dentistry. In this study, we introduce a new local anesthetic method, "Point-Inject Technique (PIT)", and compare it with traditional injection techniques. The PIT method utilizes both the vasoconstrictive and antinociceptive properties of local anesthetics as well as the application of controlled pressure during injection, reducing the time to complete anesthesia. Fifty patients were selected as the experimental group who were anesthetized using PIT, and the other 50 patients were selected as the control group using the direct injection method with a carpool syringe. The PIT group received 0.25 cartridges of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. The control group received 1.5~2 cartridges of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. Both groups were asked to mark the intensity of the pain caused by anesthesia using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale. The average time to recover from anesthesia was 40 minutes in the experimental group and 90 minutes in the control group. Additionally, 96% of the experimental group reported feeling no pain, while 78% of the control group reported having some form of pain during injection. The PIT method reduced both the reported pain scores of patients as well as time to recover from local anesthesia than the widely-used syringe injection method.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.103-112
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• 1998

In this paper insertion of numerous control points to be performed by using the Chebyshev polynomial root at the selection of knot vector. This method introduces a simple method of knot refinement and it is applied in a developed program. The Chebyshev roots exist densely in broth ends of the range and are proposed more effective knot refinement to modify a surface. Therefore, generated control points are relatively uniform in specified knot interval. In the surface generation, a local insertion of numerous control points are easily inserted by using the characteristic of Chebyshev polynomial roots at knot refinement. It is possible to create a complex surface with a single surface. The number of control point can be reduced by using the local insertion of control points in a required shape

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2004

Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition(SCADA) of electric power system refersto the system that displays, monitors and executes the control commands for remote electric power system. KNR's existing electric power control system is built on UNIX platform such that it costs more for system construction, and people with UNIX skills can only be an operator who controls and manages the system. Moreover, since the system is mainly operated in local offices, system operators must communicate with local operators to investigate the cause of the accident and react the accident every time the system fails. As a new integrated SCADA system is constructed, establishment of small-unit electric power control system, that alters local electric power control system in designated stations, is required. In this study, the electric power control system, which accommodates all functions of UNIX-based SCADA system and facilitates operation and even maintenance for local operators, is to be developed. In order to develop small-unit electric power control system, the industrial automation program, "Cimon", is used. The small-unit electric power control system that accommodatesRTU and newly installed electronic switchboard is being developed and tested at Chulam station of KNR.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.179-188
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• 2013

Background: Today, there are computer controlled local anesthesia devices used clinically. The main principle is to control injection speed by computer aided system, and it relieves pain. However, there are few objective data considering this subject. In this literature review, we researched studies about computer controlled anesthetic delivery. We compared pain control effect of computer controlled to conventional local anesthetic syringe system. Methods: A bibliographic search in PubMed was performed and we reviewed original articles. Results: There were 18 publications that compared pain control effect of computer controlled to conventional system. There were 8 articles reported of children, similar pain control effect was found in 7 of them. One study showed superior pain control effect of computer controlled anesthetic delivery. For adults, 10 studies showed superior pain control effect in computer aided system. Conclusions: Computer controlled anesthetic delivery has similar or superior pain control effect compared to conventional local anesthetic syringe system. For both children and adults, computer controlled anesthetic delivery could be clinically useful, still it may be more effective for adults.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.2336-2347
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• 2018

The azeotrope of methyl acetate methanol and water was isolated using extractive distillation with water as entrainer. The pressure-swing extractive distillation (PSED) process and vapor side-stream distillation column (VSDC) with the rectifier process were designed to separate the methyl acetate, methanol and water mixture. It was revealed that the VSDC with the rectifier process had a reduction in energy consumption than the PSED process. Four control schemes of the two process were investigated: Double temperature control scheme (CS1), $Q_R/F$ feedforward control of reboiler duty scheme for PESD (CS2), $Q_R/F$ feedback control scheme for VSDC (CS3), the feedback control scheme of sensitive plate temperature of side-drawing distillation column to dominate the compressor shaft speed (CS4). Feed flow and composition disturbance were used to evaluate the dynamic performance. As a result, CS4 is a preferable choice for separation of methyl acetate-methanol-water mixture. A control scheme combining the operating parameters of dynamic equipment with the control indicators of static equipment was proposed in this paper. It means using the sensitive plate temperature of side-drawing column to control the compressor shaft speed. This is a new control scheme for extractive distillation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1916-1927
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• 2018

Corynebacterium glutamicum is an excellent platform for the production of amino acids, and is widely used in the fermentation industry. Most industrial strains are traditionally obtained by repeated processes of random mutation and selection, but the genotype of these strains is often unclear owing to the absence of genomic information. As such, it is difficult to improve the growth and amino acid production of these strains via metabolic engineering. In this study, we generated a complete genome map of an industrial L-valine-producing strain, C. glutamicum XV. In order to establish the relationship between genotypes and physiological characteristics, a comparative genomic analysis was performed to explore the core genome, structural variations, and gene mutations referring to an industrial L-leucine-producing strain, C. glutamicum CP, and the widely used C. glutamicum ATCC 13032. The results indicate that a 36,349 bp repeat sequence in the CP genome contained an additional copy each of lrp and brnFE genes, which benefited the export of L-leucine. However, in XV, the kgd and panB genes were disrupted by nucleotide insertion, which increase the availability of precursors to synthesize L-valine. Moreover, the specific amino acid substitutions in key enzymes increased their activities. Additionally, a novel strategy is proposed to remodel central carbon metabolism and reduce pyruvate consumption without having a negative impact on cell growth by introducing the CP-derived mutant $H^+$/citrate symporter. These results further our understanding regarding the metabolic networks in these strains and help to elucidate the influence of different genotypes on these processes.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2000

In this paper, we introduce a conservative control approach using a full feedback map and suggest a switching control between the conservative and default control. For the conservative control, we use the coordinator which performs the conjunction operation of the full feedback map information of local supervisors. Since the switching control with the coordinator extends the ability of local supervisors in the decentralized supervisory control, we can solve the problem in case the coobservability condition can not be satisfied.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1086-1091
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• 2005

This paper focuses on intelligent control of induction motor by hybrid system consisting of GA-PSO. Induction motor has been using in industrial area. However, it is challengeable on how we control effectively. From this point, an optimal solution using GA (Genetic Algorithm) and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) is introduced to intelligent control. In this case, it is possible to obtain local solution because chromosomes or individuals which have only a close affinity can convergent. To improve an optimal learning solution of control, This paper deal with applying PSO and Euclidian data distance to mutation procedure on GA's differentiation. Through this approaches, we can have global and local optimal solution together, and the faster and the exact optimal solution without any local solution. Four test functions are used for proof of this suggested algorithm.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.358-367
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• 2003

We consider discrete-time factorial Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) in multiple decision-makers environment for infinite horizon average reward criterion with a general joint reward structure but a factorial joint state transition structure. We introduce the "localization" concept that a global MDP is localized for each agent such that each agent needs to consider a local MDP defined only with its own state and action spaces. Based on that, we present a gradient-ascent like iterative distributed algorithm that converges to a local optimal solution of the global MDP. The solution is an autonomous joint policy in that each agent's decision is based on only its local state.cal state.