• Title/Summary/Keyword: livestock virus

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Monitoring of Sacbrood virus from Korean native honeybees in Jeonbuk province, Korea (전북지역 토종벌에서 낭충봉아부패병 관찰)

  • Shon, Ku-Rye;Kim, Ji-Hyun;Chu, Keum-Suk;Lee, Jeong-Won
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.57-59
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    • 2015
  • This study was carried out to investigate the Sacbrood virus (SBV) of Korean native honeybees causing serious damage in Jeonbuk area. Korean native honeybees completing the after overwinter 60 farms and March to April active phase adult bees and larvae 52 farms were collected from farms in 7 counties. Active phase of the adult bees 39 (75.0%) and larvae 24 (46.2%) farms was infected with SBV in 52 farms. This result indicate that SBV was the highest in Imsil-gun than other areas.

STRAINS OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS OF BANGLADESH

  • Chowdhury, S.M.Z.H.;Rahman, M.F.;Rahman, M.B.;Rahman, M.M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.315-317
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    • 1996
  • An investigation was carried out to find out the strains of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus in 24 districts of Bangladesh. A total of 505 FMD virus samples were collected from June, 1989 to June, 1991 and tested by complement fixation test (CFT). Of these, 276 (54.7%) were found positive for different strains of FMD virus and the rest 45.3% were either negative or anticomplementary. Strains identified were O, C, Asia-1 and sub-strains $A_5$ and $A_{22}$. Strain O was found to be most prevalent(39.8%) followed by Asia-1 (5.7%), C (5.3%), $A_5$ (3.4%) and $A_{22}$ (0.4%). Prevalence of sub-strain $A_5$ was reported for the first time in Bangladesh. District-wise typing of FMD virus has been done which would be helpful for appropriate vaccination programme in different districts of Bangladesh for control of the malady.

Peripheral lymphocyte counts in Holstein-Friesian cattle infected with bovine leukemia virus in Korea (Bovine leukemia virus에 감염된 우리 나라 젖소의 말초혈액 내 림프구 수)

  • Suh, Guk-hyun;Lee, Chung-gil;Lee, Chai-yong;Hur, Tai-young;Lee, Jeong-chi;Kang, Seog-jin;Son, Dong-soo;Ahn, Byeong-seog;Kim, Nam-chul
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.239-244
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    • 2005
  • Hematologic investigations were made on the blood samples taken from bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-seropositive Holstein-Friesian cattle in Korea, and their absolute lymphocyte count was compared with that of BLV-seronegative cattle. The incidence of persistent lymphocytosis (PL) was also determined. The normal bovine lymphocyte count was established on the basis of studies of 656 blood samples taken three times from 297 seronegative animals aged from 0~6 months to over 5 years at 5~6-month intervals. The data were examined according to 7 age groups of samples placed into their respective age groups. A peak in average total count was reached at 6~12 months ($5.36{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$) and thereafter the count declined continuously until over 5 years ($3.17{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$). From the results, 99.74 percent limits were calculated, and the upper limit of the range was chosen as the cutoff point for lymphocytosis. A PL was defined as a lymphocyte count that exceeded the above 99.74 percent limits and persisted over an interval of at least three months. The criterion for PL was applied to classifying 515 blood samples obtained four times from 189 seropositive animals without clinical signs at 5~7-month intervals. It was found that 54 (28.5%) of seropositive animals were with PL; cattle with PL were in age groups of 2~3 years to over 5 years.

Validation and Application of OpenFOAM for Prediction of Livestock Airborne Virus Spread (공기 중 축산질병 확산예측을 위한 오픈폼 도입 및 검증)

  • Roh, Hyun-Seok;Seo, Il-Hwan;Lee, In-Bok
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2014
  • Accurate wind data is essential for predicting airborne spread of virus. OpenFOAM was used for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation procedure which is under GNU GPL (General Public License). Using complex terrain, DEM (Digital Elevation Map) that was prepared from GIS information covering a research site is converted to a three dimensional surface mesh that is composed by quad and full hexahedral space meshes. Around this surface mesh, an extended computational domain volume was designed. Atmospheric flow boundary conditions were used at inlet and roughness height and was considered at terrain by using rough wall function. Two different wind conditions that was relatively stable during certain periods were compared in 3 different locations for validating the accuracy of the CFD computed solution. The result shows about 10 % of difference between the calculated result and measured data. This procedure can simulate a prediction of time-series data for airborne virus spread that can be used to make a web-based forecasting system of airborne virus spread.

Investigation of carprine arthritis-encephalitis from dairy goat in Jeonnam province (전남지역의 유산양 관절염.뇌염 감염 실태조사)

  • Lim, Jong-Soo;Kim, Hui-Joung;O, Hyun-Yi;Lee, Tea-Uk;Park, Suk-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.273-281
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    • 2008
  • This survey was conducted to investigate the infection of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). From April to October 2007, we examined a total of 173 goats in 7 dairy goat-breeding farms located in Na-ju, Hae-nam, Young-am, and Young-gwang area of Jeonnam province. The results show that 41 (23.7%) goats are positive for CAEV, confirmed by nested PCR of 173 blood samples. Regional analysis revealed that a positive proportion for CAEV was 50.0% in Young-gwang, 25.6% in Young-am, 25.0% in Hae-nam, and 10.9% in Na-ju. Clinical signs were observed in 17 (9.8%) goats, of which 6 suffered from arthritis, 7 from mastitis, and 4 from pneumonia. Among the examined 173 goats, 8(4.6%) goats are positive for CAEV accompanied with CAE symptoms. There was a tendency to be much higher(p<0.05) levels of natrium(Na), chlorine(Cl) in CAEV-positive than in CAEV-negative goats. However, other serum biochemical values were no statistically significant effect.

Aerodynamic Approaches for Estimation of Waste Disease Spread in Pig Farm through Airborne Contaminants (양돈장의 소모성질병 확산 분석을 위한 현장 모니터링 및 공기유동학적 분석)

  • Seo, Il-Hwan;Lee, In-Bok;Moon, Oun-Kyung;Kwon, Kyeong-Seok
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.41-49
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    • 2014
  • Pig chronic wasting disease, including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), have made a continuous economic damage in pig farms. Airborne spread of livestock viruses are an important spread factor which is difficult to analyze due to invisible airflow and limitation of measurement. The objective of this study is to analyze airborne disease spread between buildings in the experimental pig farm by means of field experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The field experiments were conducted to capture airborne virus using air sampler and teflon filter along multi points in the experimental pig farm. The samples were tested in terms of virus detection resulting in positive reaction for PRRS and PCV-2 viruses, which can be a firm evidence of airborne virus spread. The CFD simulation model was developed by considering complex topography, wind conditions, building arrangement, and ventilation systems and was used to analyze airborne virus spread according to different wind conditions. The CFD computed result showed a possibility of airborne virus spread via livestock aerosol from infected pig house to neighboring pig houses according to wind directions. The CFD simulation technique is expected to provide significant data for estimating and making a counterplan against airborne disease spread.

The comparative study on Newcastle disease virus antibody titer by hemagglutination inhibition test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (혈구응집억제반응과 효소면역측정법을 이용한 닭 뉴캣슬병 바이러스에 대한 혈중항체가 비교)

  • Han, Sung-Tae;Lee, Cheong-San;Kwak, Hak-Koo;Song, Jong-Han;Lee, Jong-In
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.215-219
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    • 2003
  • This study was conducted to investigate the similarity between hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) titers and sample to positive ratio (S/P ratio) of Newcastle disease(ND) virus. To perform this study, the 372 sera of broiler chicks and 120 sera of layers and breed chicks were collected from slaughter house and farms, respectively. As a result of HI test out of different chicks, the positive percentage of ND antibody titer of broiler, layer and breeder, when a standard positive HI titer were '2', was 84.4%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The positive percentage of ND antibody titer by ELISA was shown 38.4%, 100% and 100% and S/P ratio were also shown 81.5%, 98.2% and 99.2%, respectively. The results of comparative survey with same sera by two experimental methods were as follows; In low HI titer, ELISA titer was not similar to HI titer, but S/P ratio was similar to it. In high HI titer, ELISA titer was not similar to HI titer. Therefore, HI titer was more similar to S/P ratio than ELISA titer.

Characterization of the infection pattern of porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) in the northern area of Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (경상남도 북부지역 돼지 사육농가에 대한 돼지호흡기복합감염증 양상 조사)

  • Kim, Min-Hee;Park, Jong-Sik;Lee, Min-Kweon;Kim, Chul-Ho;Shin, Jung-Sup;Kim, Hyun-Joon
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.133-138
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    • 2011
  • The prevention of porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is very important because of its high infection-rates in the swine farms and the economic impact in swne industry in Korea. To control the prevalence of PRDC, it is important to know about infection patterns of it. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the infection patterns of PRDC in the northern area of Gyeongsangnam-do. To this end, the infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MH), and Swine influenza virus (SIV) were examined using 120 pig lung tissues by PCR analysis. As a result, single pathogen positive specimens were 25.0% and the others (75.0%) were turned out to be PRDC with at least two pathogens. Among PRDCs, 50 specimens (41.7%) was infected with PRRSV, PCV2, MH and SIV. Ten specimens (8.3%) showed triple infections of PRRSV, PCV2 and MH. Double infected specimens for PRRSV and PCV2 were 10 (8.3%), and for PCV2 and APP were 20 (16.7%).

The first outbreak of lumpy skin disease in Jeollabuk-do, Korea (전북지역 사육 소에서 첫 럼피스킨 발생 보고)

  • Keum Sook Chu;Woo Ri Jung;Seung Hyuk Yang;Myung Chan Lee;Ku Rye Shon
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.339-348
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    • 2023
  • The outbreak of lumpy skin disease (LSD), caused by LSD virus (LSDV), in Jeollabuk-do was first confirmed at a Korean cattle farm in Buan-gun on October 24, 2023. Afterwards, thirteen cases (twelve cases in Gochang-gun and a case in Imsil-gun) were further confirmed, resulting in a total of fourteen cases over 25 days until November 17, 2023. Clinical examination were conducted on infected and co-habitting cattle from the LSD-affected farms with particular focus on the presence of nodules throughout the body such as head, neck, chest, femur, head, and perineum. As a results, abnormal clinical signs were observed in fifteen cows: loss of appetite in six cows, high fever in three cows, eye mucosal nodules in a cow, nasal mucosal nodules in six cows, nodules on perineum in five cows, scrotum nodules in two cows, papillary nodules in a cow, and/or skin nodules in eleven cows. By the PCR methods, the common gene of capripox virus and/or the specific gene of LSDV were detected in 35 of the 69 cows tested this study. In the Farm1, capripox virus-specific gene, LSDV wild strain-specific gene, and LSDV vaccine strain-spcific gene were simultaneously detected in affected cows, indicating the cattle farm was affected by various strain of LSDV. As a result of combining clincal examination and PCR test, it was found that clinically and subclinically infeted cows coexist in the LSDV-infected farms. These finding in this study will be a great help in diagnosis and prevention of the LSD in Korean cattle farms.

Seroprevalence of chicken infectious anemia virus in breeder and broiler chicken in Jeonbuk Iksan area (전북 익산지역 종계 및 육계에서 전염성빈혈 항체가 조사)

  • Um, Sung-Shim;Kwak, Kil-Han;Lee, Joung-Won
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.149-152
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    • 2011
  • From January to November in 2010, a result of chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) antibodies ELISA test about 500 number in 25 broiler breeder farms and 500 number in a broiler chickens slaughterhouse from 25 farms in Iksan area, Jeonbuk. The result of 100% (25/25) positive rate in broiler breeder farms group and 98.6% (493/500) positive rate from each individual. In each week-age group, 98.8% of 18~20 weeks and 98.3% of 21~24 weeks showed positive without any significant differences. In slaughterhouse case, broilers from the farms showed 36.0% (9/25) positive rate and each individual showed 20.4% (102/500) positive rate.