• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.27-40
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• 2016

This paper aims to analyze the business types of 237 IoT based smart home companies in the world (launched during 1999~2014) which got global investment last few years. For this, the previous literatures trying to analze technology and service types of smart home are searched and the typology of the platform is discussed. Based on it, this research conceptualizes an analysis framework that includes three areas of smart home like home automation, home security, and energy efficiency with the three platform types like product, software, and service. This study concludes that the development of business type for IoT based smart home ecosystem is from the product to software and it can be a platform or not. In current status, there are a few platforms of product and software, but in the device management (16%) and thermostat (11%), companies are persuing more platform like. It is difficult to find the service platform in overall areas, for application based service has a few attractions in the investment market due to the lack of cloud infrastructure and data analytics. The following three are the implication to domestic market: 1) More active offering of API and SDK, 2) more active introduction of wireless Intenet network protocols, and 3) more active interoperability efforts and alliance activities are needed.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.4 s.310
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• pp.55-65
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• 2006

Most of fast block motion estimation algorithms reported so far in literatures aim to reduce the computation in terms of the number of search points, thus do not fit well with multimedia processors due to their irregular data flow. For multimedia processors, proper reuse of data is more important than reducing number of absolute difference operations because the execution cycle performance strongly depends on the number of off-chip memory access. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Hexagon-shape line search (HEXSLS) algorithm using line search pattern which can increase data reuse from on-chip local buffer, and check sub-sampling points in line search pattern to reduce unnecessary SAD operation. Our experimental results show that the prediction error (MAE) performance of the proposed HEXSLS is similar to that of the full search block matching algorithm (FSBMA), while compared with the hexagon-based search (HEXBS), the HEXSLS outperforms. Also the proposed HEXSLS requires much lesser off-chip memory access than the conventional fast motion estimation algorithm such as the hexagon-based search (HEXBS) and the predictive line search (PLS). As a result, the proposed HEXSLS algorithm requires smaller number of execution cycles on media processor.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.611-624
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• 2000

In this study we analysed 3-12 grade science textbooks, many literatures and internet sites related to diffusion and dissolution concepts. From these data, we discovered that the explanations of diffusion that used in textbooks are not considered the site of collision with mediums, and confused with dissolution, state transition and effusion. In the case of dissolution, almost analysis data were short of the explanations of interaction effect. Most of all, the focus of dissolution explanations was to solve the calculation problems rather than to understand the concept. Every internet site was poor, just as the level of showing textbook contents with computer, so the only effect of using computer was the sense of sight and hearing. Chemistry must be understood nature phenomena with a view point of particle theory, but many textbooks and Internet sites didn't represent it sufficiently. We set up the correct scientific concept and linked micro world of particle theory with macro world of nature phenomena. With a use of computer which have the advantage of representing moving things, we developed the computer-assisted instruction programs related to diffusion and dissolution with the viewpoint of particle movement.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.175-188
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• 2009

In this study, we developed an experimental method of the Charles' law applicable to school. Science textbooks and literatures on this principle were analyzed to extract factors utilized in organizing the experimental setup and method. A combined structure such as with a vial and a glass tube, the former of which is for deciding the total volume and the latter of which is for easy measurement of volume, was better in measurement of volume with temperature rather than a simple structure such as syringe. Use of graduated cylinder as a water bath to control the temperature showed advantage in cooling time than using other bath of larger volume such as a beaker. A liquid drop was used as a plug in the glass tube. This plug has little resistance with the glass wall when the gas volume changes. Water as a liquid drop in the glass tube had a significant effect in volume change of gas due to evaporation, especially in the beginning of the measurement. Glycerol showing negligible effect in volume change was used. This method took about one hour and produced a good linear relationship between the temperature and volume of gas with $R^2$ = 0.999 and absolute zero temperature = $-216.7\;{^{\circ}C}$. The Charles' law experiment developed in this study can be performed with appropriate adjustment of procedure considering the purpose of the curriculum of science and chemistry subject at each school level.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.17 no.6 s.90
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• pp.993-1000
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• 2005

Various types of FRP materials have been applied for structural strengthening of RC beams in various forms. When CFRP plates are used, a premature failure used to occur before enough strengthening effect appears. This is primarily due to the rip-off of CFRP Plate attached on RC beams. Despite of numerous studies on the rip-off failure of externally strengthened RC beams, its failure mechanism is not definitely clarified yet. Investigations from literatures have shown that the rip-off failure is dependant on the vertical and shear stresses at the level of main reinforcements in RC beams. This study suggests an analytical model to Investigate the rip-off failure load based on the stress states at the level of main reinforcements. The proposed model is relatively simple and produces very comparable results to the test data. It is believed that the proposed model can be successfully used to provide more information on the rip-off failure mechanisms and its prevention.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.235-249
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the nature, role and development of pedagogical content knowledge in science teaching. Two research questions were considered: 1) What are the nature and the components of the pedagogical content knowledge in science teaching? 2) What is the value of pedagogical content knowledge and are there any routes and paths to developing pedagogical content knowledge for science teachers? In order to answer these questions instead of analyzing empirical data, former research literatures are reviewed. The results indicate that science pedagogical content knowledge is a special amalgam of science content knowledge and science method knowledge in a special context of science teaching that is uniquely the province of teacher based on their own special form of professional understanding. As a part of one's own distinctive bodies of knowledge, science teachers' pedagogical content knowledge is an important basis for professional development and competent teachers. It is knowledge of how to teach specific content in specific contexts, also it depends on each teachers' distinctive knowledge structure. Pedagogical content knowledge for science teaching is composed of five components: orientations toward science teaching, knowledge and beliefs about science curriculum, knowledge and beliefs about students' understanding of specific topics, knowledge and beliefs about assessment for teaching science, knowledge and beliefs about instructional strategies for teaching science. The development of science pedagogical content knowledge does not start until teachers have acquired a deeply principled conceptual knowledge of content, also it is promoted by the constant use of subject matter knowledge in teaching situations.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.473-479
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• 2012

Warthintumor (WT), also known as adenolymphoma or papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum, was described in 1895 for the first time. It is a common benign tumor of the parotid glands and the second most common neoplasm of the salivary gland, accounting for 5% to 14% of all parotid neoplasm. A 63-year-old man visited our clinic with the complaint of swelling on the right parotid gland. Physical examination showed a 3 cm, firm, well-circumscribed, painless mass on the right mandibular angle. Computed tomography imaging showed a $3.5{\times}2.0{\times}1.6$ cm well-defined cystic mass. WT is histologically characterized by bilayered, oncocystic cell, lymphoid stroma, and cystic space. With these typical cytomorphologic characteristics, the fine-needle aspiration cytology was performed as diagnostic tool before the surgery. The lymphocytes and oncocystic cell were not observed. The lesion was completely excised under general anesthesia. We diagnosed the case as WT, from the surgically excised specimen. We report on the case with a review of the literatures.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2008

Purpose: Chitosan & chitosan derivative(eg. membrane) have been studied in periodontal regeneration, and recently many studies of chitosan have reported good results. If chitosan's effects on periodontal regeneration are enhanced, we can use chitosan in many clinical and experimental fields. For this purpose, this study reviewed available literatures, evaluated comparable experimental models. Materials and Methods: Ten in vivo studies reporting chitosan's effects on periodontal tissue regeneration have been selected by use of the 'Pubmed' and hand searching. Results: 1. In Sprague Dawley rat calvarial defect models, amount of newly formed bone in defects showed significant differences between chitosan/chitosan-carrier/chitosan-membrane groups and control groups. 2. In beagle canine 1-wall intrabony defect models, amount of new cementum and new bone showed significant differences between chitosan/chitosan-membrane groups and control groups. The mean values of the above experimental groups were greater than the control groups. Conclusion: The results of this study have demonstrated that periodontal regeneration procedure using chitosan have beneficial effects, which will be substitute for various periodontal regenerative treatment area. One step forward in manufacturing process of chitosan membrane and in use in combination with other effective materials(eg. bone graft material or carrier) may bring us many chances of common use of chitosan in various periodontal area.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is learning the characteristics of literature applying single subject researches in the field of sensory integration therapy of Korean occupational therapy and evaluating the quality level of them. Methods : Analyzed the characteristics of 17 single subject research papers (independent variable, study design, study subject, total number of session, study period, intervention time, intervention place, dependent variable, measuring tool and result) published between 2002 and 2013 using the document delivery service of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, National Discovery for Science Leaders (NDSL), Nuri Media (DBpia), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS) and National Assembly Library and evaluated the literatures using quality evaluation scale. Results : According to the analysis result on the literature characteristics, reversal design was the most used study method. Total number of session was 10 sessions to 34 sessions. Study period was 4 weeks to 16 weeks. Intervention time was 8 minutes to 70 minutes and most interventions were done in occupational therapy room or sensory integration therapy room. According to the result of quality level evaluation, 4 papers out of 17 papers were on high level and remaining papers were on intermediate level. However, there was no study which included intervention blind. Conclusion : Suggested standards that need to be supplemented and discussions on qualitative improvement including repetitive research on the mediation effect during the application of the single subject research methodology, the securement of adequate data sections, and processing of a mediation blind. It is expected to be used as basic data for conducting a better qualitative research in the future.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.246-252
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• 2000

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis(LAM) is a rare disease of unknown etiology that occurs mainly in woman in her reproductive age. We recently experienced two cases of bilateral diffuse cystic lesion of the lung on chest X-ray and HRCT. The first case, a 26-year-old female, who had been diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis by the presence of clinical manifestation such as mental retardation, bilateral renal angiomyolipoma, adenoma sebaceum and generalized seizure, was admitted due to a recently developed hemoptysis. Chest PA showed diffuse ground-glass opacity with radiolucent cystic lesions of various sizes on both lung fields. HRCT showed innumerable small cystic lesions with suspicious diffuse ground-glass opacity on both lung fields The second case, a 30-year-old fema1e was admitted due to dyspnea and spewing of blood-tinged sputum for 2 weeks, shortly after delivery. Chest PA showed diffuse reticular and ground-glass opacities on both lung field. HRCT showed multiple well-defined and relatively uniform size air cysts with a uniform wall thickness on entire both lung fields, with small amount of right pleural effusion. By thoracoscopic lung biopsy she was diagnosed with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. We report these cases with a brief review of the literatures.