• 산업기술연구
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• 제21권A호
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• pp.343-349
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• 2001

This study characterizes the growth of white rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium IFO 31249) and lignin peroxidase(LiP) activity in different submerged culture media. P. chrysosporium was grown in the form of pellet of various sizes from a spore inoculum under shaking liquid culture condition. While the growth of mycelia was higher under the nitrogen-sufficient culture than under the nitrogen-limited culture, ligninase activity was relatively lower. The lignin peroxidase appeared in nitrogen-limited culture and was suppressed by excess nitrogen. High level(40U/l) of lignin peroxidase activity was obtained in the growth medium containing 1.5mM veratryl alcohol, a secondary metabolite of P. chrysosporium. Lignin peroxidase production was not observed under conditions of nitrogen sufficiency or in balanced media, suggesting that control parameters could increase the activity by manipulating the secondary metabolism.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2010

The objectives of this study were to conduct a prevalence survey of trichomoniasis in pregnant women and to evaluate the utility of different methods for its diagnosis. A total of 597 vaginal exudates from pregnant women who were examined at the Hospital de Clinicas in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 1 August 2005 to 31 January 2007, were prospectively and consecutively evaluated. The investigation of Trichomonas vaginalis was made by different microscopic examinations, and culture on liquid medium. The sensitivity and specificity of the microscopic examinations were assessed considering culture on liquid medium as the "gold standard". The prevalence of T. vaginalis obtained by culture on liquid medium was 4.0% (24/597). The prevalence of T. vaginalis obtained by direct wet smear, prolonged May-Grunwald Giemsa staining, and sodium acetate-formalin (SAF)/methylene blue staining-fixing technique was 1.8%, 2.3% and 2.5%, respectively. The sensitivity of the direct wet smear was 45.8%, that of the prolonged May-Grunwald Giemsa staining was 58.3%, and that of the SAF/methylene blue method was 62.5%. Considering the 3 microscopic examinations altogether, the sensitivity rose to 66.7% and the specificity was 100% for all of them. This is the first time that the prevalence data of T. vaginalis by culture in pregnant women are published in Argentina. Due to the low sensitivity obtained by microscopy in asymptomatic pregnant women, the use of the liquid medium is recommended during pregnancy, in order to provide an early diagnosis and treatment.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2015

본 연구는 유채 꽃가루 분말의 영양성분 분석과 파쇄한 꽃가루 분말을 이용하여 효모 배양용 액체배지와 고체배지를 제조하여 효모 배양효율을 분석하였다. 유채 꽃가루 분말(100 g)은 탄수화물 58.9 g, 단백질 20.8 g, 지방 4.1 g, 회분 2.5 g 및 수분 13.7 g으로 구성되었다. 당질 중에서는 Fructose(13.7 g), Glucose(11.1 g)와 Sucrose(6.6 g), 미네랄 중에서는 K(606.7 mg)와 P(603.3 mg) 함향이 높았다. 유리 아미노산은 Glutamic acid(2,482.4 mg), Aspartic acid(2,136.5 mg), Lysine(1,648.3 mg), 및 Leucine(1,631.1 mg) 순으로 많았다. 유채 꽃가루 분말을 단독 또는 NaCl을 첨가하여 액체배지 및 고체배지 제조하고 효모를 배양한 결과, 꽃가루 분말이 15 g/L 이상 함유된 액체배지는 효모 배양 후 건물중이 YPD 배지(대조구)에 비해 많았고, 꽃가루 분말의 농도 의존적으로 효모 건물중이 증가하였다. 또한 액체배지에 NaCl을 1~20 g/L 추가 시 배양된 효모의 건물중이 한층 더 증가하였다. 유채 꽃가루로 제조한 고체배지를 이용하여 효모를 배양(48시간)한 결과, 콜로니(colonies) YPD 배지와 유사하게 잘 자랐다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.190-194
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• 2012

Shoot tips of chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) were cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L BA to produce micro-tubers in vitro. To stimulate the formation of shoots and micro-tubers, and produce large micro-tubers, the sections of micro-tubers were cultured on MS media with BA and IAA. The shoot multiplication, and the micro-tuber formation and growth were very effective on the media containing 2.0 mg/L BA and 0.5~1.0 mg/L IAA. Sucrose added to MS medium with 2.0 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L IAA to stimulate more micro-tuber growth. The medium added 50 g/L sucrose was very effective in the increase of plant fresh weight and micro-tuber growth. After 4 weeks' culture of micro-tuber sections on the medium with 2.0 mg/L BA, 0.5 mg/L IAA and 50 g/L sucrose, the liquid media were added into the same vessels. The micro-tuber growth was stimulated remarkably by the addition of liquid medium. The addition of 25 $m{\ell}$ liquid medium containing 10 g/L activated charcoal, 3x MS salts and 250 g/L sucrose was the most effective in micro-tuber growth.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2002년도 제9차 국제심포지움 및 추계정기학술발표회
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• pp.53-53
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• 2002

Shoot tips of in vitro propagated plantlets were cryopreserved using encapsulation/dehydration procedures. Shoot tips were excised under filter sterilized antioxidants solution (0.2M phosphate buffer, pH 5.7 supplemented with 5g/1 ascorbic acid and 15g/1 sodium borate). They were drawn up into a sterile 10 $\textrm{cm}^3$disposable pipette and were dropped into the culture medium with 2.5w/v Na-alginate, then into 100mM CaCl$_2$.2$H_2O$. Encapsulated shoot tips were transferred into 10㎤ of liquid culture medium with a range of sucrose concentrations (0.25-1.0M) and were incubated in dark for 24 hours in 18C at 40rpm. Beads were then dehydrated in silica gel for different time intervals (1-24 hours). Then they were freeze dried either rapidly (plunge directly into liquid N2 or in two stages (samples were kept at 20C for 10 minutes, then reduced to 35C at 1C per minute. Then, plunge into liquid $N_2$). The influence of sucrose and silica gel pre-treatment on pre- and post-freeze shoot growth was examined.(중략)

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.206-211
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• 1997

The optimal conditions for the production and regeneration of the protoplasts from Lentinula edodes were studied. Protoplast formation from the mycelia of L. edodes which were cultured in liquid medium showed a significantly high yield compared with that of the mycelia which were cultured on cellophane covered agar media. A mixture of Novozyme 234 (15 mg/ml) and Cellulase Onozuka R10 (10 mg/ml) in 0.6 M mannitol (pH 4) was optimal lytic enzyme for the protoplast release. The optimal incubation time and mycelia age were 3.5-4 hours at $30^{\circ}C$ and 6-8 days, respectively. Regeneration frequency was 0.18% plated onto a medium containing 0.6 M sucrose, and 0.08% plated onto a medium containing mannitol. But hardly any regeneration was observed in the media containing NaCl, KCl, or $MgSO_{4}$ More than 90% of the protoplasts contained nuclei and the nucleus number per protoplast was 1.1. The DNA content per nucleus was 5.1 pg. The diameter of the protoplast was $3-5{\mu}m$ and it had a well defined cell structure.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1369-1378
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• 2007

For effective exopolysaccharide production and mycelial growth by a liquid culture of Fomitopsis pinicola in an air-lift bioreactor, the culture temperature, pH, carbon source, nitrogen source, and mineral source were initially investigated in a flask. The optimal temperature and pH for mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production were $25^{\circ}C$ and 6.0, respectively. Among the various carbon sources tested, glucose was found to be the most suitable carbon source. In particular, the maximum mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production were achieved in 4% glucose. The best nitrogen sources were yeast extract and malt extract. The optimal concentrations of yeast extract and malt extract were 0.5 and 0.1%, respectively. $K_2HPO_4\;and\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ were found to be the best mineral sources for mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production. In order to investigate the effect of aeration on mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production in an air-lift bioreactor, various aerations were tested for 8 days. The maximum mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production were 7.9 g/l and 2.6 g/l, respectively, at 1.5 vvm of aeration. In addition, a batch culture in an air-lift bioreactor was carried out for 11 days under the optimal conditions. The maximum mycelial growth was 10.4 g/l, which was approximately 1.7-fold higher than that of basal medium. The exopolysaccharide production was increased with increased culture time. The maximum concentration of exopolysaccharide was 4.4 g/l, which was about 3.3-fold higher than that of basal medium. These results indicate that exopolysaccharide production increased in parallel with the growth of mycelium, and also show that product formation is associated with mycelial growth. The developed model in an air-lift bioreactor showed good agreement with experimental data and simulated results on mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production in the culture of F. pinicola.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.382-389
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• 1993

초산이온이 대장균 성장을 저해하는 현상을 규명 하기 위해서 M9 배지, LB 배지를 사용해서 플라스 크, 발효조 배양을 수행하였다. 대장균의 초산 생성 은 높은 포도당 초기 농도, LB 배지와 같은 복합 배 지에서 활발하였고, 플라스크 배양과 같은 pH 조절 이 되지 않는 배양방법에셔는 초산의 생성에 따른 pH 감소에 따라 세포성장이 많이 저해되었다. 초산 을 외부에서 첨가하여 세포성장에 마치는 영향을 조 사하여 보았는데 LB 배지를 사용한 플라스크 배양 에서는 첨가된 초산의 농도가 2g/l 이상, M9 배지 를 사용한 플라스크 배양에서는 초산의 농도가 4g/l 이상, 그리고 M9 배지를 사용한 발효조 배양에 셔는 8g/l 이상에서 초산의 성장 저해효과가 나타 다. LB 한천 배지를 볕에 깐 LB 액체 배지의 플라스 크 배양을 수행하였다. LB 한천의 양이 증가함에 따라서 한천에서 포도당의 방출이 일어나 최종 대장 균 세포 O.D.가 증가하였다.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.90-102
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• 2024

Haploid/double haploid plants developed from isolated microspores can significantly accelerate plant breeding. Haploid plants can naturally double their chromosomes to create a pure homozygous line of diploid plants. We present a method for producing embryos from isolated microspores of hot peppers (Capsicum annuumL.). We analyzed the polyploidization levels of the regenerated plants. The donor plants produced the optimal stage of microspores following short-term growth under low-intensity light, which resulted in high rates of embryogenesis and cotyledonary embryogenesis. To find an efficient culture method, liquid, doubled-layer, and 2-step cultures were tested. Liquid culture yielded the highest number of embryos, whereas the highest efficiency for cotyledonary embryogenesis was afforded by the doubled-layer culture. When normal cotyledonary embryos were transplanted onto a regeneration medium, they developed into complete plants. From these, 208 plants were tested via flow cytometric analysis, and 35.6% and 72.7% of the chromosomes from the Milyang-jare and LV2319 genotypes, respectively, were found to be spontaneous double haploids. These results are the same as those obtained on analyzing horticultural characteristics, including the size of leaves and the size and shape of fruits. The present study provides information on the practical application of isolated microspore culture of hot peppers, factors that affect embryogenesis, and methods for polyploidy testing.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.362-367
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• 2003

운지버섯을 희석 감귤농축액과 일반 합성배지에서 각각 배양한 배양물을 열탕추출하고 여과하여 얻어진 버섯 배양추출물과 버섯을 접종하지 않은 희석 감귤농축액 자체에 대한 항산화 활성, 아질산 제거능, 그리고 항암활성을 조사 비교하였다. DPPH 전자공여를 이용한 항산화 활성에서 희석 감귤농축액에서 얻어진 배양추출물(Extract-I)은 89%, 일반 합성배지에서 얻어진 배양추출물(Extract-II)은 66%, 접종하지 않은 희석 감귤농축액 자체(Extract-III)는 22%의 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 아질산 제거능은 배양추출물 모두 산성 조건일수록 증가하였으며, Extrac-I은 67%, Extract-II는 54%, 그리고 Extract-III는 34%의 아질산 제거능을 보였다. HeLa, PC-3, HepG2 및 A-549 세포에 대한 항암활성을 조사한 결과, Exract-I는 각각의 암세포들에 대해서 순차적으로 75%, 82%, 55%, 그리고 82%의 높은 생육 저해 활성을 보였다. 반면에 Extract-II는 HeLa cell에 대해서만 66%의 생육저해를 보였고, Exoact-III는 모든 암세포의 생육을 저해하지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 운지버섯을 희석 감귤농축액에 배양함으로서 일반 합성배지에서 배양하거나 감귤농축액 자체 보다 항산화 활성과 항암활성을 현저히 증가시킬 수 있었다.