• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Among 90 Vietnamese medicinal plant extracts investigated for their antioxidant activity by DPPH assay at various concentrations from $10-100{\mu}g/mL$, 67 showed an inhibition rate over 50% at $100{\mu}g/mL$; 47 had greater than 50% inhibition at $50{\mu}g/mL$; 17 showed over 50% inhibition at $25{\mu}g/mL$. 8 extracts which exhibited strong inhibitory activity more than 50% inhibition at $10{\mu}g/mL$ were further tested for lipid peroxidation inhibition by TBA assay. They displayed activity with $IC_{50}$ values from 30.6 to $158.9{\mu}g/mL$. Until now, this is the first report on antioxidant activity of the female flower of Borassus flabellifer, and the stem of Combretum latifolium, Embelia ribes, Spatholobus parviflorus, and Tetrastigma erubescens. Fractionations of the EtOAc extract prepared from S. parviflorus led to the isolation of protocatechuic acid (1), ferulic acid (2), epicatechin (3), and gallic acid (4). These compounds showed significant DPPH inhibitory activity with $IC_{50}$ values from 6.5 to $23.6{\mu}M$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.338-338
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• 1994

The present study was designed to compare the effects of d-1 imonene and cineole on the benzo(a) pyrene (BP)-induced mutagenicity, BP metabol ism and lipid peroxidation. Modified Ames assay was employed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of d-1 imonene and cineole on the BP-induced mutagenici ty. The number of revertant-bearing wet Is was decreased by 44∼77% in the presence of both BP and d-1 imonene compared with that of BP alone wherease cineole decreased the nutter of revertant-bearing wet Is by 28∼45% at the concentrations between 2${\mu}$M and 2mM. d-Limonene suppressed BP metsbolism by 16, 26 and 55% at the same concentrations. The EC$\_$50/ values for d-1 imonene and cineole in inhibiting lipid peroxidation were 2.0 mM and 16mM respectively, as assayed by thiobarbituric acid method. The pre sent study showed that d-1 imonene and cineole have common ant imutagenic effects although d-1 imonene appeared to be more effective than cineole in suppressing mutation and lipid peroxidation. The results suggest that the antimutagenic effects of d-1 imonene and cineole nay be associated with alternation in enzyme activities and with inhibition of lipid pero xidation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.270-277
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• 1993

It is well known that lipidperoxide, formed in vivo, induced the denaturation of enzyme and destruction of cell membrane to acute injury of tissue. Aralia elata have physiological activates, the improvement of lipid metabolism, antidiabetic activity etc., which was thought to have the relationship to lipid peroxidation. The anti-lipidperoxidative effect of Aralia elata have not yet established. In this study, we examined the anti-lipidperoxidative effects of Aralia elata (Butanol fraction) on CCI$_{4}$ induced lipidperoxidation in rats, and elucidated the anti-lipidperoxidative mechanism. In rat liver homogenate intoxicated with CCI$_{4}$ (0.5 ml/100g), BuOH fraction of Aralia elata (80 mg/Kg/day) exhibited 85.41% anti-lipidperoxidative effect but in serum 69.63% inhibitory effects, respectively. In mitochondrial and microsomal fraction showed inhibition of 55.85% and 69.30%, respectively. In order to elucidate the mechanism of anti-lipidperoxidation effects of Aralia elata, enzymatic (NADPH dependent) and non-enzymatic (Ascorbic acid catalyzed) reaction, in vitro, were performed. In enzymatic reation, Aralia elata exhibited 59.43% anti-lipidperoxidation effects, but in non-enzymatic reaction exhibited 43.27% inhibition. Therefore, it is noteworthy that antioxidative power of them may mainly results from the inhibition by enzymatic reaction.

• BMB Reports
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.749-752
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• 2004

Saturated fatty acids are less vulnerable to lipid peroxidation than their unsaturated counterparts. In this investigation, individual fatty acids of the $C_{16}$, $C_{18}$ and $C_{20}$ families were subjected to the thiobarbituric (TBA) assay. These fatty acids were chosen based on their degree of saturation and configuration of double bonds. Interestingly, an assay threshold was reached where increasing the fatty acid concentration resulted in no additional decrease in the TBARS concentrations. Therefore, the linear range of TBARS inhibition was determined for fatty acids in the $C_{16}$ and $C_{20}$ families. The rate of TBARS inhibition was greater for the saturated than for unsaturated fatty acids, as measured from the slope of the linear range. These findings demonstrate the need to standardize the TBARS assay using multiple fatty acid concentrations when using this assay for measuring in vitro lipid peroxidation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2002

The antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of sixteen samples were tested using 1.1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl(DPPH) reactivity and TBARS substances assay in vitro. The methanol extracts of the rice brans from three wild rice -O. minuta, O. rufipogon, and O. barthii-were found to be the most effective in DPPH radical scavenging activity. The next effective ones were the rice brans of Heugjinjubyeo and leaves of Tapgolbori. When tested on lipid peroxidation using a lipid peroxidation generation system mediated by $H_2O$$_2$/Fe$^{2+}$ in rat liver homogenates, the brans and hull of wild rice (O. minuta, O. rufipogon, and O. barthii) and rice bran of Heugjinjubyeo exhibited protective activities against lipid peroxidation in the order of effectiveness.s.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.176-187
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• 2000

Objectives : This study was purposed to investigate the antioxidative effects of Paeoniae radix aqua-acupuncture solution(PR) on culture liver cell system, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t-BHP) treatmented conditions. Methods : Cultured normal rat liver cell(Ac2F) were prepared and incubated with or without PR(at 2% volume in culture medium). After 16~18hr, cells placed in DMEM medium without serum, and then incubated with 1mM t-BHP for 2hr. Viable cells were detected by MTT assay, and the levels of lipid peroxide(LPO) were measured by TBA method. And catalase activity was measured as the decrease in hydrogen peroxide absorbance at 240nm on spectrophotometer using 30mM hydrogen peroxide. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) were assayed by recording the inhibition of nitro blue tetrazolium reduction with xanthine and xanthine oxidase. Glutathione peroxidase(GPX) activity was determined by the modified coupled assay developed by Paglia and Lawrence. The reaction was started by addition of 2.2mM hydrogen peroxide as substrate. The change in absorbance at 340nm was measured for 1min on spectrophotometer. Glutathione-S-transferase(GST) activity was assayed with CDNB as substrate and enzyme activity of GST towards the glutathione conjugation of CDNB. Results : Cell killing was significantly enhanced by addition of t-BHP compared to those of untreated group. PR pretreated cell resisted the toxic effects of t-BHP. LPO levels of t-BHP treatment group were significantly higher than other groups. This increased level was significandy reduced by PR pretreatment. The t-BHP treatment resulted in a decrease of catalase, GPX and GST activities. By contrast, PR pretreatment markedly increased compare to those of untreated groups. Conclusions : T-BHP which can produce intracellular free radical was used for inducer of the peroxidation of cellular lipids. PR protected the cell death induced by t-BHP and significantly increased cell viabiliry in the normal rat liver cell, and showed effective inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and elevations of catalase, GPX and GST activities. These results suggested that PR might play a protective role in lipid peroxidation by free radicals.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.235-239
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• 2006

Cichorium intybus (Compositae) has been used for fevers, dyspepsia, headache and jaundice, as a demulcent. Also, it has relaxation effects and relief effects against coffee and teas, and is widely used as food. We investigated anti-lipid peroxidative effects and liver protective activity on $CCl_4$ induced lipid peroxidation and hepatotoxicity in rats. MeOH Ex. enhanced the inhibition of anti-lipid peroxidative effects in liver lipid. In chemical parameters obtained from serum analysis, MeOH Ex. revealed significant decrease on hepatotoxicity. The results were as follows; 1. The inhibitory effects of lipid peroxidation were shown in accordance with the increase of samples' concentration level. 2. In chemical parameters obtained from serum analysis, the activities of GOT, GPT, AlP were restored to near the normal level. The contents of cholesterol and BUN showed inhibitory effects with valence. 3. The weights of liver and spleen were not able to restore to the normal level. But on a general level, they were reduced more than the control group.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.381.3-382
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• 2002

Free radical-mediated cell damage and free radical attack on polyunsaturated fatty acids result in the formation of lipid radicals. These lipid radicals react readily with molecular oxygen to produce peroxy radicals responsible for initiating lipid peroxidation. The peroxidation of cellular membrane lipid can lead to cell necrosis and considered to be implicated in a number of pathophysiological conditions as well as in the toxicity of many xenobiotics. DPPH is known to abstract labile hydrogen and the ability to scavenge the DPPH radical is related to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. (omitted)

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.375-384
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• 1997

This study was undertaken to determine Juglandis Semen extraction (JS) has a protective effect against the cell injury caused by oxidants, t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) and $H_{2}O_2$ in rabbit lung slices. Cell injury was estimated by measuring tissue water content and peroxidation of membrane lipids was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), an end-product of lipid peroxidation. t-BHP significantly increased water content in lung tissues over concentrations of 2-10 mM, and such effects were prevented by 5% JS. JS exerted the beneficial effect in a dose-dependent manner. $H_{2}O_2$ (100 mM) also increased water content in tissues, which was almost completely prevented by 5% JS. t-BHP induced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent fashion in lung tissues over concentrations of 0.5-10 mM. JS significantly reduced t-BHP induced lipid peroxidation and oxidant-independent endogenous lipid peroxidation, and such effects were dose-dependent at concentration of 0.5-10%. JS prevented $H_{2}O_2$ (100 mM)-dependent lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that JS prevents ceil injury induced by oxidants in the lung, and such effects may be attributed to inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The precise mechanisms remains to be explored.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.174-187
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• 2002

Objectives : This study was carried out to determine whether Kamihaengche-tang plus Yulanijihwang-tang (KCYH) exerts a protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury. Methods : Cell injury was estimated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) release, and lipid peroxidation was estimated by measuring malondialdehyde, a product of lipid peroxidation in rabbit liver slices. Results : Oxidants (tBHP and $H_2O_2$) increased dose-dependently LDH release which was significantly prevented by 1% KCYH. The protective effect of KCYH against oxidant-induced cell injury was dose-dependent in the range of 0.05-1 % concentrations. Similarly, KCYH inhibited oxidant-induced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. When liver tissues were exposed to Hg (0.5 mM), ALT activity in the medium and lipid peroxidation in tissues were markedly increased. These changes were prevented by 1% KCYH, KCYH restored toxicant-induced inhibition of cellular GSH content. KCYH increased the activities of catalase and glutathion peroxidase in oxidant-treated tissues. Conclusions : These results indicate that KCYH exerts a protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury, and this effect is attributed to prevention of lipid peroxidation. These effects may be due to an increase in concentration of endogenous antioxidants.