• Mycobiology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2009

Xylaria, belonging to the Ascomycotina, is known to produce diverse classes of bioactive substances. In an effort to identify the chemical constituents of the fruiting bodies of Xylaria polymorpha, linoleic acid (1), linoleic acid methyl ester (2), ergosterol (3), 4-acetyl-3,4-dihydro-6,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methyl-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one (4), and 4-hydroxyscytalone (5) were isolated from its methanolic extract. Their structures were assigned on the basis of various spectroscopic studies.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.339-342
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• 2006

칸나의 뿌리를 80% MeOH용액으로 추출하고, 얻어진 추출물을 EtOAc, n-BuOH 및 물로 용매 분획 하였다. 이 중 EtOAc 분획과 n-BuOH 분획으로부터 silica gel과 octadecyl silica gel(ODS) column chromatography로 정제하여 4종의 화합물을 분리하였다. 각 화합물의 화학구조는 NHR, MS 및 IR 등의 스펙트럼 데이터를 해석하여, $\beta$-sitosterol(1), linoleic aicd methyl ester(2), monoglycosyldiglyceride(3), daucosterol(4)으로 동정하였다. 이 화합물들은 칸나에서 처음으로 분리되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.266-271
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• 1998

천연물로부터 안전성과 안정성이 우수한 항산화성 물질을 찾기 위하여 생약류 10종을 선정하여 95% ethanol으로 추출하면서 추출 수율과 팜유를 기질로한 항산화력을 비교한 결과 울금이 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 울금 추출물을 팜유에 대해 첨가농도를 $0.05{\sim}0.5%$까지 높혀 가면서 현재 사용되는 천연 항산화제인 mixed tocopherol, rosemary 추출물들과 비교하여 항산화력을 측정한 결과 0.05%까지는 3종류 모두 유사한 항산화 효과를 나타내었으나 그 이상의 농도에 있어서는 울금 추출물의 항산화력이 월등히 우수하였다. 돈지에 대한 울금 추출물의 항산화 효과는 0.01% 첨가시 AI가 4.59로서 1.57인 팜유보다 월등하였으며, 대두유에 대해서는 첨가에 따른 항산화 효과가 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 각종 지방산 메틸에스테르에 울금 추출물을 각각 0.05%, 0.1% 첨가하였을 때 oleic acid methyl ester에 대해서는 AI가 각각 3.01, 4.33으로 크게 증가하였으나, linoleic acid methyl eser에 대해서는 각각 0.85, 0.96으로서 오히려 감소하는 경향이 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.1031-1035
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• 2002

This study was carried out to obtain conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) producing lactic acid bacteria for further study on the enzymes related to the production of CLA which has gained considerable attention and on the development as a probiotic culture. Total 34 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from 19 feces samples of healthy babies. CLA forming ability was measured spectrophotometrically by the modification of linoleate 12-cis, 11-trans-isomerase activity measuring method, and CLA of the cultures were extracted, methylated, and examined by HPLC analysis. CLA methyl ester of only one culture showing the highest value of CLA forming ability could be detected by HPLC analysis. The culture was found to be Gram positive, rods and catalase negative. It grows at $45^{\circ}C$ but not at $15^{\circ}C$, and was identified to be Lactobacillus fermentum on the basis of the biochemical characteristics and the utilization of substrates. These results provide an efficient experimental method to screen CLA producing lactic acid bacteria.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1994

The present study was carried out in atheroscleorotic New Zealend white(NZW) rabbits. to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Korean pinenut oil, on plasma total fatty acid composition. In study I, NZW rabbits were fed 10 weeks on a commercial chow diet supplemented with 5% of energy as fats(soybean oil or pinenut oil) or 10% of energy as fats(soybean oil or pinenut oil) with the addition of 1% cholesterol to the diet. Nineteen fatty acids ranged from myristic acid (14:0) to cervonic acid (22:6 ${\omega}3$) were identified in all the samples. The c5, c9, $c12{\sim}18$ : 3 acid was not reported in the fatty acid methyl ester profiles of each group because it was included in the linoleic acid peak. The major constitutent fatty acids in the chow diet group were linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid. In the cholesterol group, oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid were the major fatty acids. In plasma of cholesterol-fed animals, the levels of 16:1 ${\omega}$ 7 and 18:1 1 ${\omega}$ 9 were increased. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid in soybean oil/cholesterol and pinenut oil/cholesterol groups. Plasma linoleic acid levels were significantly incresed from 4 to 6% by the supplementation of 5% soybean or 5% pinenut oil in the cholesterol diet for 5 weeks, compared to cholesterol group. Plasma 16 : 1 ${\omega}$ 7 levels in animals fed with 5 or 10% pinenut oils were significantly lower than in those fed cholesterol for 5 weeks. After 10 weeks on the soybean oil and pinenut oil diet there were no significant differences in the fatty acid composition. In study II, the fatty acid composition was not affected by the types or levels of oils supplemented for 5 weeks. After 10 weeks on the oil diets 16:1 ${\omega}$ 7 and 18:1 ${\omega}$ 9 were decreased in 10% soybean in oil/cholesterol and 10% pinenut oil/cholesterol groups, compared to cholesterol group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.34-37
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• 1977

오리고기를 가식부(可食部)만을 n-Hexane으로 지방(脂肪)을 용출(溶出)하고 정제(精製)한 다음 methyl ester시켜 gas chromatography로 분석(分析)하고 몇가지 화학적(化學的) 성자(性資)를 시험(試驗)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 오리고기의 일반성분(一般成分)은 수분(水分) 64.87%, 단백질(蛋白質) 19.06%, 조지방(粗脂肪) 17.3%, 회분(灰分) 1.12%로 닭고기에 비(比)하여 지방(脂肪)은 다소 많았다. 2. 용매(溶媒)의 종류에 따라 용출량(溶出量)이 다소 차이가 있었다. Ethylether에 79.57%, chloroform에 70.15%, n-Hexane에 72.35%로 나타났다. 3. n-hexane으로 용출(溶出)한 지방(脂肪)의 chemical constant는 산가(酸價) 5.01, 검화가 201.5, 요오드가(價)카 50.1, 카보널가(價) 4.5%를 나타냈다. 4. n-Hexane으로 용출(溶出)한 지방산(脂肪酸)을 gas chromatography에 의(依)하며 분석(分析)하여 오리고기(Leg portion)는 Myristic acid 0.12%, palmitic acid 17.2% , Stearic acid 3.1%, Oleic acid 45.9%, Linoleic acid 19.9%, Linolenic acid 1.6%를 나타냈고, 오리고기(Breast portion)는 Myristic acid 0.17%, Palmitic acid 17.1%, stearic acid 3.3%, Oleic acid 51.2%, Linoleic acid 17.2%, Linolenic acid 1.7%이었고, arachidonic acid는 측정되지 않았다. 5. 오리피의 cholesterol은 total 200mg%, Breast portion의 fat에 cholesterol의 total은 260mg%, Leg portion의 fat에 cholesterol의 tatal은 400mg% 이었다. $\divideontimes$ 본연구(本硏究)는 1976년도(年度) 광주서원전문학교(光州瑞元專門學校) 학술연구조성비에 의(依)하여 행(行)한 것입니다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.310-314
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• 2012

Thirty-two different volatile oils were identified from Allomyrina dichotoma (A. dichotoma) larvae by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major volatile components were 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-carboxyisopropyl pentanoic acid isobutyl ester (5.83%), phenol,2,6-bis(a,a-dimethyl ethyl)-4-(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) (5.72%), heptacosane (5.49%) and phenol,2,4-bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) (5.47%). The composition of the fatty acids in A. dichotoma larvae was also determined by gas chromatography (GC) and fourteen constituents were identified. Oleic acid (19.13%) was the most abundant fatty acid followed by palmitic acid (12.52%), palmitoleic acid (3.71%) and linoleic acid (2.08%) in 100 g of A. dichotoma larvae on a dry weight basis. The quantity of unsaturated fatty acids (64.00%) were higher than that of saturated ones (36.00%). The predominant fatty acids in A. dichotoma consist of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA, 57.70%) such as oleic acid, myristoleic acid and palmitoleic acid, followed by saturated fatty acids (36.00%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 6.50%). In particular, the presence of essential fatty acids, such as linoleic (5.30%) and linolenic acid (0.40%) give A. dichotoma larvae considerable nutritional and functional value and it may be a useful source for food and/or industrial utilization.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2000

Conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) refers to a collective term of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid, which are different in their biological activities. The predominant isomer of CLA in animal tissues is cis-9, trans-11; smaller amounts of trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomers, CLA methyl ester (CLA-ME) was chemically syn-thesized from linoleic acid by the alkaline isomerization method. The synthetic CLA-ME, mainly composed of cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-10, cis-12 CLA, was dissolved in acetone, stored at 68$^{\circ}C$ for 1 day, and the supernatant(cis-9, trans-11 CLA-Me) was separated from the precipitate (trans-10, cis-12 CLA-Me). After the processes were repeated three times at -68$^{\circ}C$, the whole processes were repeated three times at -71$^{\circ}C$ in order to increase the purity of these two isomers. The cis-9, trans-11 CLA-Me and trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomers were further purified by the urea adduct. Purities of the cis-9, trans-11 CLA-Me and trans-10, cis-12 CLA-Me were 90.3 and 99.9%, respec-tively. This method could be employed for the preparation of a large quantity of highly purified cis-9, trans-11 CLA-Me or trans-10, cis-12 CLA-Me from synthetic CLA-Me.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.75-78
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• 2013

A gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) method was developed as a candidate reference method for the accurate determination of essential fatty acids (linoleic acid, ${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-linolenic acids) in food supplemental oil products. Samples were spiked with three internal standards (stearic acid-$d_{35}$, $^{13}C_{18}$-linoleic acid, and $^{13}C_{18}$-${\alpha}$-linolenic acid). Samples were then subject to saponification, derivatization for methylation, and extraction by organic solvent. For GC/MS measurement, an Agilent HP-88 column, designed for the separation of fatty acid methyl esters, was selected after comparing with other columns as it provided better separation for target analytes. Target analytes and internal standards were detected by selected ion monitoring of molecular ions of their methyl ester forms. The GC/MS method was applied for the measurement of three botanical oils in NIST SRM 3274 (borage oil, evening primrose oil, and flax oil), and measurement results agreed with the certified values. Measurement results for target analytes which have corresponding isotope-labeled analogues as internal standard were calculated based on isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) approach, and compared with results calculated by using the other two internal standards. Results from the IDMS approach and the typical internal standard approach were in good agreement within their measurement uncertainties. It proves that the developed GC/MS method can provide similar metrological quality with IDMS methods for the measurement of fatty acids in natural oil samples if a proper fatty acid is used as an internal standard.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 1993

유지의 자동산화과정중의 ${\alpha}-$, ${\gamma}-Tocopherol$과 ${\gamma}-tocotrienol$에 대한 주요 산화생성물로 quinone이 확인되었으며, 미량의 dimer 혹은 trimer로 추정되는 성분이 검출되었다. 생성된 quinone은 micro column을 사용하여 분취한 후 np-와 rp-HPLC로 분석하였고 MS로 동정하였다.