• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.607-622
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• 2003

The research was aimed at finding the dynamic aspects of the linguistic and social interaction with mathematical concept development using a graphing calculator in collaborative learning. This study was broadly divided into two categories: "Knowledge Construction Statement" for understanding how the verbal interaction works when a graphing calculator is used, and "Teacher's Instructional Role" for the research on the reaction of the students and on the teacher's role as a guide in helping students to construct their knowledge. This research used a case study in a collaborative learning environment. An attempt was made to show clearly how the students interacted with one another in a technology environment using a graphing calculator as a tool. A graphing calculator promoted the students' linguistic interaction and changed the characteristics of the linguistic interaction. Although it didn't show the different aspects completely, some changes of the linguistic traits were perceived.aits were perceived.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.760-774
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 과학 탐구활동에서 모둠 리더의 리더십 유형에 따른 언어적 상호작용의 특징과 리더가 지니고 있는 리더십 요소가 모둠의 언어적 상호작용에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대하여 알아보는 것이다. 비전과 추진, 과제책임, 의사결정 세 가지 리더십 요소별로 모둠의 리더를 선정하여 과학탐구능력, 학업성취도평가의 항목으로 모둠원을 구성하여 과학탐구활동을 실시하면서 언어적 상호 작용을 분석하였다. 비전과 추진 모둠이 상대적으로 가장 많은 언어적 상호작용의 빈도수를 보였는데, 이는 리더 속에 내재되어있는 비전과 추진 리더십의 '비전'과 '자신감'의 요소가 영향을 주었기 때문이다. 세 모둠 모두 과제해결과 관련하여 인지적 측면이 정의적 측면 언어적 상호작용보다 많았다. 인지적 측면의 언어적 상호작용에서는 실험 현상과 관련하여 낮은 수준의 언어적 상호작용이 대다수였고, 상위수준의 언어적 상호작용은 적은 빈도수로 일어났다. 정의적 측면에서는 행동참여가 분위기조절보다 더 많은 빈도수를 보였다. 이는 모둠에서 분위기 조절보다는 과제 해결을 위한 모둠원의 행동 제어와 관련된 상호작용이 많았기 때문이다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2007

A sample of 322 18-month-old infants and their mothers were assessed longitudinally at 24 and 30 months. Maternal utterances and styles of linguistic interaction were measured during a 10 minute free play session. Mothers completed a vocabulary checklist for infants. Longitudinal data were analyzed by multilevel modeling. Results indicated that vocabulary increased with age of infants and the growth rate was highly predictable by the size of vocabulary at 18 months. The growth rate was strongly influenced by maternal questioning and feedback. The effect of the maternal linguistic input was constant with age. Gender differences in size of vocabulary did not vary systematically with age.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.55-71
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• 2008

This study investigated parenting knowledge, interactions between mother and infant, and relationship between mother's parenting knowledge and mother-infant interaction by mothers' demographic variables. Subjects were 311 mothers. Instruments were the Knowledge of Child Development Inventory (Larsen & Juhasz, 1986) and the Assessment Profile for Early Childhood programs (Abbott-Shim & Sibely, 1987). Data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. Results showed (1) differences about parenting knowledge by mothers' employment status, age and education level, (2) differences in mother-infant interaction by mothers' age and education level, (3) parenting knowledge about physical development correlated positively with positive interaction, linguistic modeling, and sensitive response knowledge about linguistic and cognitive development had a large effect on positive mother-infant interaction and linguistic modeling.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2018

The study examined the longitudinal relations of preschool children's peer interaction, linguistic and cognitive abilities, and self-control, while taking into account gender differences. The study was conducted with 671 preschoolers from the $5^{th}$, $6^{th}$, and $7^{th}$ wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Study (KCYPS). Data were analyzed by means of basic descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and structural equation modeling analysis. Bootstrapping method was also used to determine the significance of indirect effects. The analysis were conducted to find the longitudinal effects of peer interaction at the age of 4 on their self-control at the age of 6, and the mediating effects of linguistics and cognitive abilities at the age of 5 on its associations. The results indicated gender differences among the variables. According to multi-group analysis, there was a significant influence of 4 years' peer interaction on subsequent 5 years' linguistic and cognitive abilities but also on 6 years' self-control across time for boys; however, no significant direct effect of peer interaction on self-control was found for girls. Based on the findings of this study, it can be implied that it is necessary to apply different methods for boys and girls to promote self-control from the influence of peer interaction and linguistic and cognitive abilities.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2012

수업은 교사와 학생의 복잡한 상호 작용으로 진행된다. 본 논문은 수업의 이러한 특성을 컴퓨터를 활용하여 정량화하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 논문에서는 수업 분석을 위하여 일반적으로 널리 이용되고 있는 플랜더즈(Flanders) 언어 분석법을 기초로 소프트웨어를 설계하고 구현하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 언어 심볼 진행을 아이콘 요소로 추상화하여 사용자가 쉽게 입력과 편집이 가능하다. 현직 교사들을 대상으로 시행한 성능 평가에서도 사용의 편의성과 분석 결과의 실용성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.303-315
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze elementary teachers' science class objectively and quantitatively using Mobile Eye Tracker. The mobile eye tracker is easy to wear in eyeglasses form. And experiments are collected in video form, so it is very useful for realizing objective data of teacher's class situation in real time. Participants in the study were 2 elementary teachers, and they are teaching sixth grade science in Seoul. Participants took a 40-minute class wearing a mobile eye tracker. Eye movements of participants were collected at 60 Hz, and the collected eye movement data were analyzed using SMI BeGaze 3.7. In this study, the area related to the class was set as the area of interest, we analyzed the visual occupancy of teachers. In addition, we analyzed the linguistic interaction between teacher and students. The results of the study are as follows. First, we analyze the visual occupancy of meaningful areas in teaching-learning activities by class stage. Second, the analysis of eye movements when teachers interacted with students showed that teacher A had a high percentage of students' faces, while teacher B had a high visual occupation in areas not related to classes. Third, the linguistic interaction of the participants were analyzed. Analysis areas include questions, attention-focused language, elementary science teaching terminology, daily interaction, humor, and unnecessary words. This study shows that it is possible to analyze elementary science class objectively and quantitatively through analysis of visual occupancy using mobile eye tracking. In addition, it is expected that teachers' visual attention in teaching activities can be used as an index to analyze the form of language interaction.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2024

This paper revisits politeness expressions in English, exploring their linguistic characteristics and the underlying social dynamics they reflect. Grounded in pragmatic theories, politeness is examined as a phenomenon shaped by societal norms, wherein language users navigate the delicate balance between efficiency and maintaining positive social interactions. Through an analysis of various linguistic devices such as modal auxiliary verbs, progressive and past tenses, depersonalization, and the use of hedges, the study elucidates how speakers endeavor to mitigate potential burdens on listeners and foster smoother communication. By understanding and employing these linguistic strategies, English learners can better navigate the nuances of politeness expressions in the English cultural context. This exploration underscores the pivotal role of politeness in interpersonal communication and highlights its significance in facilitating effective interaction among language users.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2012

The current study observes the durational interaction of tautosyllabic consonants and vowels in the word-initial position of English and Korean child-directed speech (CDS). The effect of phonological laryngeal contrasts in stops on the following vowel duration, and the effect of the intrinsic vowel duration on the release duration of preceding stops in addition to the acoustic realization of the contrastive segments are explored in different prosodic contexts - phrase-initial/medial, focal accented/non-focused - in a marked speech style of CDS. A trade-off relationship between Voice Onset Time (VOT), as consonant release duration, and voicing phonation time, as vowel duration, reported from adult-to-adult speech, and patterns of durational variability are investigated in CDS of two languages with different linguistic rhythms, under systematically controlled prosodic contexts. Speech data were collected from four native English mothers and four native Korean mothers who were talking to their one-word staged infants. In addition to the acoustic measurements, the transformed delta measure is employed as a variability index of individual tokens. Results confirm the durational correlation between prevocalic consonants and following vowels. The interaction is revealed in a compensatory pattern such as longer VOTs followed by shorter vowel durations in both languages. An asymmetry is found in CV interaction in that the effect of consonant on vowel duration is greater than the VOT differences induced by the vowel. Prosodic effects are found such that the acoustic difference is enhanced between the contrastive segments under focal accent, supporting the paradigmatic strengthening effect. Positional variation, however, does not show any systematic effects on the variations of the measured acoustic quantities. Overall vowel duration and syllable duration are longer in English tokens but involve less variability across the prosodic variations. The constancy of syllable duration, therefore, is not found to be more strongly sustained in Korean CDS. The stylistic variation is discussed in relation to the listener under linguistic development in CDS.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.165-180
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• 2012

The purpose of the study was to prove the effect of the "Picture Book Reading Program for Mothers" developed to enhance the language competence of married immigrant women and their children. Twenty immigrant mothers with three-year-olds were recruited, and they participated in an 8-week-Picture Book Reading Program developed by the reseacher. The REVT and U-TAP were used to measure linguistic abilities for mothers while PRES was used to measure their children's linguistic abilities. Lee(2004)'s "Effect of dialogic picture book reading teacher training program for toddlers" was used to measure the mother's and children's verbal and non-verbal behaviors. The results of the study were as follows: First, by participating in the PBRPM, the mother's linguistic ability as well as children's vocabulary and receptive language have increased. Second, by participating in the PBRPM in terms of mother-child interaction, mother's verbal behaviors to children (i.e. attention and inquiring) and children's verbal behaviors(i.e. responding and imitation) have increased. In conclusion, "PBRPM" for married immigrant women and their children proved to be effective in enhancing the language competence and verbal interactions between married immigrant women and their children.