• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2024

Deep learning models require high computing power due to a substantial amount of computation. It is difficult to use them in devices with limited computing environments, such as coastal surveillance equipments. In this study, a lightweight model is constructed by analyzing the weight changes of the convolutional layers during the training process based on MobileNet and then pruning the layers that affects the model less. The performance comparison results show that the lightweight model maintains performance while reducing computational load, parameters, model size, and data processing speed. As a result of this study, an effective pruning method for constructing lightweight deep learning models and the possibility of using equipment resources efficiently through lightweight models in limited computing environments such as coastal surveillance equipments are presented.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 가을학술발표대회논문집
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• pp.151-152
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• 2023

Lightweight aggregates has a dry specific gravity of 2.0 or less, which is lower than natural aggregates. Lightweght aggregate is efficient for weight reduction but has low compressive strength. In this study, EIS(electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) was used to confirm the ITZ(Interfacial Transition Zone) between the lightweight aggregate and cement paste according to the coated of blast furnace slag powder. As a result of EIS measurement, the correlation between ITZ characteristics and compressive strength was determined. The phase angle of EIS was different depending on the blast furnace slag powder coated of the lightweight aggregate. The surface-cotead lightweight aggregate was improved and the ITZ was strengthened.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.327-342
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to manufacture environmentally-friendly synthetic lightweight aggregates that may be used in the structural lightweight concrete production. The cold-bonding pelletization process has been used in the agglomeration of the pozzolanic materials to achieve these synthetic lightweight aggregates. In this context, it was aimed to recycle the waste fly ash by employing it in the manufacturing process as the major cementitious component. According to the well-known facts reported in the literature, it is stated that the main disadvantage of the synthetic lightweight aggregate produced by applying the cold-bonding pelletization technique to the pozzolanic materials is that it has a lower strength in comparison with the natural aggregate. Therefore, in this study, the metakaolin made of high purity kaolin and calcined kaolin obtained from impure kaolin have been employed at particular contents in the synthetic lightweight aggregate manufacturing as a cementitious material to enhance the particle crushing strength. Additionally, to propose a curing condition for practical attempts, different curing conditions were designated and their influences on the characteristics of the synthetic lightweight aggregates were investigated. Three substantial features of the aggregates, specific gravity, water absorption capacity, and particle crushing strength, were measured at the end of 28-day adopted curing conditions. Observed that the incorporation of thermally treated kaolin significantly influenced the crushing strength and water absorption of the aggregates. The statistical evaluation indicated that the investigated properties of the synthetic lightweight aggregate were affected by the thermally treated kaolin content more than the kaoline type and curing regime. Utilizing the thermally treated kaolin in the synthetic aggregate manufacturing lead to a more than 40% increase in the crushing strength of the pellets in all curing regimes. Moreover, two numerical formulations having high estimation capacity have been developed to predict the crushing strength of such types of aggregates by using soft-computing techniques: gene expression programming and artificial neural networks. The R-squared values, indicating the estimation performance of the models, of approximately 0.97 and 0.98 were achieved for the numerical formulations generated by using gene expression programming and artificial neural networks techniques, respectively.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.631-642
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• 2010

This study is experimentally investigated for the characteristics of compression and tensile of lightweight air-trapped soils with uniform quality. Previously, EPS blocks are often used as lightweight embankment, but many problems such as the level difference and cracks caused by plastic(creep) deformation occurred in the EPS blocks. So, a new material development is urgent. By means of alternatives, lightweight air-mixed soil using in-situ soils has been developed and applied to fields. In comparison with EPS block, lightweight air-mixed soil have less creep deformation in long-time, but the strength characteristics of them are different depending on soils where they are obtained. Therefore, the quality management of them is very difficult. In this study, therefore, characteristics of lightweight air-trapped soil samples are investigated. To do this, the lightweight air-trapped soils are prepared using a manufactured sand with uniform quality. To found out the compression and tensile characteristics of lightweight air-tapped soils, unconfined compression test and splitting tensile test are conducted on the specimens prepared with different unit weight, cement-sand ratio and air-pore.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.112-121
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• 2013

FRP 보강근을 사용한 경량콘크리트 구조체는 부식방지 및 자중감소의 효과를 동시에 기할 수 있는 이점이 있어서 추후 그 활용이 기대될 수 있다. 그러나 경량콘크리트와 FRP 보강근을 사용하여 보강근의 내부슬립 없이 외력에 저항할 수 있는 구조체를 만들기 위해서는 경량콘크리트와 FRP 보강근 사이의 부착특성을 파악하는 것이 대단히 중요하다. 그동안 보통콘크리트와 FRP 보강근 사이의 부착거동에 대하여는 많은 연구가 있어 왔으나 경량콘크리트와 FRP 보강근 사이의 부착거동에 대하여는 현재까지 연구결과가 대단히 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 경량콘크리트와 보강근 표면에 나선형태의 이형을 갖는 GFRP 보강근 사이의 부착특성을 조사하였다. 비교목적으로 보강근 종류, 콘크리트 종류, 경량콘크리트 강도종류의 실험변수를 고려하여 인발실험체들을 제작하고 실험을 행하였다. 실험분석 결과, 보통콘크리트와 철근을 사용한 실험체의 부착강도를 1.0으로 하였을 때 경량콘크리트와 나선형태의 이형을 갖는 GFRP 보강근을 사용한 실험체의 부착강도는 0.49로 나타났다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2010

본 연구는 균질한 품질을 가지는 경량기포토의 특성을 파악하기 위해 실시되었다. 이전에는 경량성토재로서 EPS (Expanded PolyStyrene)가 주로 사용되었지만, EPS의 소성변형으로 인한 단차 및 균열과 같은 문제가 발생되어 새로운 재료의 개발이 성급한 실정이다. 대체 공법으로 현장의 준설토를 활용한 경량기포혼합토가 개발되고 현장에 적용되었다. 경량기포혼합토는 EPS공법에 비해 장기적인 소성변형이 더 적은 장점이 있지만, 채취되는 준설토의 위치에 따라 서로 상이한 강도특성을 지니고 있어 품질관리에 어려움을 겪고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 공장에서 생산된 균질한 품질의 모래를 혼합한 경량기포토의 특성을 파악하였다. 즉, 경량기포토의 압축 및 인장특성을 파악하기 위해 단위중량과 시멘트-모래비 및 기포량을 달리한 공시체에 대하여 일축압축시험과 간접인장강도시험이 실시되었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.577-595
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• 2023

A dynamic triaxial discrete element numerical model of lightweight soil was established using the discrete element method to study the microscopic mechanism of expanded polystyrene (EPS) particles in the soil under cyclic loading. The microscopic parameters of the discrete element model of the lightweight soil were calibrated depending on the dynamic triaxial test hysteresis curves. Based on the calibration results, the effects of the EPS particles volume ratio and amplitude on the contact force, displacement field, and velocity field of the lightweight soil under different accumulated strains were studied. The results showed that the hysteresis curves of lightweight soil exhibit nonlinearity, hysteresis, and strain accumulation. The strain accumulated in remolded soil is mainly tensile strain, and that in lightweight soil is mainly compressive strain. As the volume ratio of EPS particles increased, the contact force first increased and then decreased, and the displacement and velocity of the particles increased accordingly. With an increase in amplitude, the dynamic stress of the particle system increased, and the accumulation rate of the dynamic strain of the samples also increased. At 5% compressive strain, the contact force of the particles changed significantly and the number of particles deflected in the direction of velocity also increased considerably. These results indicated that the cemented structure of the lightweight soil began to fail at a compressive strain of 5%. Thus, a compressive strain of 5% is more reasonable than the dynamic strength failure standard of lightweight soil.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권1A호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2006

경량콘크리트는 보통콘크리트에 비해 가볍다는 장점 때문에 자중의 영향을 많이 받는 장지간 교량과 고층건물에 자주 적용되고 있다. 국내에서는 고층건물에 적용된 예는 있으나 교량에 적용된 실적은 없는 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 고강도 경량 콘크리트의 펀칭전단강도에 대한 실험적 연구를 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 나타내었다. 이를 위하여 고강도 경량콘크리트와 보통콘크리트를 이용한 단순판을 각각 2개씩 제작하였으며, 단순판의 중앙부에 정적하중을 파괴시까지 재하하였다. 경량콘크리트의 압축강도는 47 MPa이며 보통콘크리트의 압축강도는 32 MPa이다. 실험결과 모든 실험체는 펀칭전단으로 파괴되었으며, 파괴시까지 고강도 경량콘크리트를 사용한 단순판의 거동은 일반 콘크리트를 사용한 바닥판과 유사한 거동 특성을 나타내었다. 실험결과를 토대로 고강도 경량콘크리트를 교량바닥판에 적용시 바닥판의 안전성 및 사용성을 분석하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1119-1143
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• 2014

Lightweight trust mechanism with lightweight cryptographic primitives has emerged as an important mechanism in resource constraint wireless sensor based mobile devices. In this work, outlier detection in lightweight Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) is extended to create the space of reliable trust cycle with anomaly detection mechanism and minimum energy losses [1]. Further, system is tested against outliers through detection ratios and anomaly scores before incorporating virtual programmable nodes to increase the efficiency. Security in proposed system is verified through ProVerif automated toolkit and mathematical analysis shows that it is strong against bad mouthing and on-off attacks. Performance of proposed technique is analyzed over different MANET routing protocols with variations in number of nodes and it is observed that system provide good amount of throughput with maximum of 20% increase in delay on increase of maximum of 100 nodes. System is reflecting good amount of scalability, optimization of resources and security. Lightweight modeling and policy analysis with lightweight cryptographic primitives shows that the intruders can be detection in few milliseconds without any conflicts in access rights.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.312-322
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• 2019

The mechanical properties of developed fabrics which were composed of soluble yarns and stretch fibers were analyzed using the Kawabata Evaluation System. The following findings were obtained from this investigation. Fabrics woven with lightweight yarns can be easily deformed by external forces. But when the fabric were woven using thick lightweight yarns reduced the slippage between the fibers, which makes it difficult to deform due to external force, thereby maintaining a certain space from the human body. As for the weight of the fabric per unit thickness, it was found that fabrics were compose of lightweight spun yarn was lightweight relatively. Lightweight yarns were more flexible than regular yarns because of the reduced bending and shear properties that greatly affect the lattice pattern. smoother, more flexible, and the better the bend was recovered. As fabrics increased content of using of lightweight spun yarn was increased flexible and smooth, and bending recovery.