• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.27-40
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• 1983

최근(最近) 우리나라에서는 목재외(木材外)의 타계재료(他界材料)로의 건축(建築)이 이루어지고 있으므로 목조건축(木造建築)에 관한 연구(硏究)와 관심(關心)이 급속(急速)히 감소(減少)하고 있다. 이것은 국내(國內)에서의 목재생산(木材生産)이 극(極)히 저조(低調)하고 가격(價格)의 폭등(暴騰)으로 나타난 필연적(必然的)인 현상(現象)이라 하겠으나 목조건축(木造建築)이 아닌 타계재료(他界材料)로 시공(施工)한다고 하여도 목재(木材)는 꼭 쓰여지기 마련이다. 그러므로 주택(住宅)을 중심(中心)으로 각종건축물(各種建築物)의 구조(構造)를 이해(理解)함으로써 보다 합리적(合理的)인 목재이용(木材利用)을 꾀할 수 있을 것이다. 특히 목조주택(木造住宅)에 의존(依存)하고 있는 미국(美國)에서 경구조(輕構造)(light frame house construction) 또는 조립주택(組立住宅)(prefabricated house construction)에 의(依)한 목조주택건설(木造住宅建設)에 관(關)한 새로운 연구(硏究)가 착실(着實)하게 진행(進行)되어 큰 성과(成果)를 거두고 있어서 값 싼 주택(住宅)의 양산(量産)에 많은 도움을 주고 있음은 물론(勿論)이고 농용건축물(農用建築物)의 건설(建設)에도 크게 활용(活用)되고 있다. 더구나 8시간(時間)만에 한 채의 주택(住宅)을 건설(建設)할 수 있는 8시간건축(時間建設)(8 house construction)의 체계(體系)가 연구개발(硏究開發)되어 증가일로(增加一路)의 주택수요(住宅需要)를 메꾸어 나가고 있어서 우리나라에서도 부면(部面)에 관한 연구(硏究)가 추진(推進)되어야 할 것으로 믿는다.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2007

The use of light steel framing as a method of house construction has increased significantly throughout Japan, United States and Europe. Industrialized unit method are prevailing in developed countries. Unit modular house industry has supported an intensive technical development, and housing systems are now available, which are highly adaptable in form and use. Unit modular house have their own merits and demerits, but the more crucial aspect is that the constant design standard should be applied in each design procedure. It entails the necessity of industrial housing development on the open system basis. This paper describes the general forms of factory product system of unit modular housing system in Korea, United States, Japan. And this study attempts to propose the unit factory product system of which the rate of pre-fabrication is the biggest, that can cope with the demand of user on the basis of open-system.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 1995

Observations on the seedling growth of red pepper responding to different temperature(10, 20, 3$0^{\circ}C$) and light intensity(5, 15, 25 klux) were made in the growth Chamber during 7 weeks. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Best results of the combinations of temperature and light intensity were obtained from the combinated treatment of 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 25klux. At all of the temperature levels in this experiment, the more the light intensity is high, the more the growth is favor, but at low temperature below 2$0^{\circ}C$ and low light intensity below 15 klux, the growth of red pepper seedlings was decreased markedly. 2. Multiple regression polynomial equations of the characteristics of red pepper seedlings grown in the different combinations of temperature and light intensity fitted well in the plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem dry weight and shoot dry weight. 3. Multiple regression polynomial equation to the shoot dry weight was partial differentiated and diagrammatized the response surface using its theoretical value. Light intensity affected more to the shoot dry weight in the temperature below 2$0^{\circ}C$ but above 2$0^{\circ}C$ the role of the temperature showed greatly influence however, interaction effects of light intensity and temperature showed strongly.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.518-525
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• 2010

Infrared (IR) thermography which is the technique for detecting invisible infrared light emitted by objects due to their surface thermal condition and for producing an image of the light has been applied in various field without damaging the objects. It also could be used indirectly to examine the inside of an object. In this study, insulation property of wooden house in Korea Forest Research Institute (KFRI) was evaluated with according to "Thermal performance of building - Quantitative detection of thermal irregularities in building envelopes - infrared method (KS F 2829)". This method uses "Temperature Difference Ratio (TDR)" between outdoor wall surface and indoor wall surface of wooden building for evaluating its thermal performance. The thermal performance of a room on the 2nd floor of the wooden house was focused in this study and IR thermography on the indoor and outdoor surface of the house was captured by IR camera. Heat loss from the corner and the window of the wooden house as well as wall of the house was quantitatively evaluated and the invisible heat loss in the wall was detected. It is expected that the results from this study could contribute to improve the wooden building energy efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.26-34
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze daylight distribution and characteristics of light on the Korean traditional paper and to investigate a possibility as the shading systems. First of all, daylight distribution through the Korean traditional paper windows and doors of the Traditional House is analyzed at Genjaegotaek of the Asan Oeam Traditional Village. After making a model, the characteristics of light on the Korean traditional paper and Roller Shade fabric are analyzed Korean traditional paper has a good efficiency to diffuse the light and is less glare than Roller Shade fabric. In the present office buildings and apartmant houses, daylight characteristics of the Korean traditional paper windows and doors could be used as preliminary data to develop a window system which makes greatest performance of daylight.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.417-418
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• 2013

등대의 문화재 지정을 확대하고 관리방안을 개선해야 한다. 그리고 등대를 친수공간으로만이 아니라 문화예술 콘텐츠로 활용해야 한다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.113-119
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• 2016

Purpose: In this study, we evaluate the annual energy performance of the detached house which was designed with the aim of zero energy. Method: The experimental house which was constructed in Gonju Chungnam in 2013, is the single family detached house of light weight wood frame with $100m^2$ of heating area. Thermal transmittance of roof (by ISO 10211) and building external walls are designed as $0.10W/m^2K$ and $0.14W/m^2$ respectively and low-e coating vacuum window glazing with PVC frame was installed. Also grid connected PV system and natural-circulation solar water heater was applied and 6kWp capacity of photovoltaic module was installed in pitched roof and $5m^2$ of solar collector in vertical wall facing the south. We analyzed the 2014 annual data of the detached house in which residents were actually living, measured though web-based remote monitoring system. Result: First, as a result, total annual energy consumption and energy production (PV generation and solar hot water) are 7,919kWh and 7,689kWh respectively and the rate of energy independence is 97.1% which is almost close to the zero energy. Second, plug load and hot water of energy consumption by category showed the highest numbers each with 33% and 31%, with following space heating 24%, electric cooker 8%, lighting 3% in order. Hot water supply is relatively higher than space heating because high insulation makes it decreased.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is the analyze the spatial structure and housing component of the prairie style house of Frank Lloyd Wright during the Prairie Era which is between 1893-1910. The research results can be summarized as follows 1) In spite of European style influences which were fashionable at the time, Wright tried to attempt altering the space and form of his works (houses) from his unique architectural style. 2) All solid walls which are usually inside the square prairie and the cross floor plans were removed for interaction between the outside and inside spaces in a house creating an organic space. So the inside space of the house feels wider than the original space because of the available natural light. 3) Frank Lloyd Wright's early works were similar to the homes built at that time. However, as time passed, he remembered and was influenced by the Frobel's educational system blocks he played with as a child as well as the surrounding Midwestern USA prairies where he grew up. 4) The early prairie floor plan was square divided into nine equal parts which is classic floor planning. Wright, however, created his new unique architectural style. His style has developed into the prairie style and various floor plans. 5) Wright introduced a 3-dimensional architectural form of composition (cantilever, long eaves, etc.) to express symmetry and horizontal lines of the house. 6) Rather than emphasizing vertical lines in his works, Wright began emphasizing more horizontal lines like the horizontal lines of the actual prairies. This meant the surrounding environment of a house is always in nature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.725-728
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• 2009

This paper describes remote monitoring system for the various environments of a vinyl house, which was located in rural or outer of urban by use internet web connection system in a long distance office. We have constructed remote monitoring system by use a simple experimental model for the monitoring of various factors which need to operate common vinyl house. The experimental model includes temperature, humidity, smoke and infrared sensors for the measuring and AC 220V light bulb for the controlling in the USN system. Also, we have developed monitoring software by use NI Labview and communicate between PC and sensors through the DAQ-board, USN control board. We use CCD camera and grab board for the real time remote monitoring of wanted image in the house area. The computer server for remote connection is constructed in the local PC with Apache web server, PHP and MySQL ODBC. We construct internet communication system for the monitoring remotely the local environments of a vinyl house system.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.210-216
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• 2014

The average and maximum temperature were $29.5^{\circ}C$ and $33.2^{\circ}C$ at 2:00 p.m. respectively, in the plastic-film house covered with shade net, and both of temperature were lower $0.6^{\circ}C$ and $1.3^{\circ}C$ than those of conventional shade. Light transmittance was 14% in the plastic-film house, while 9.9% in conventional shade during growing season from May to October. Withering time of aboveground part was on October 3rd in conventional shade with 60% of withering leaf, while it was on November 10th with 3.7% of withering leaf in the plastic-film house, about 40 days longer survival. The main disease incidence were 15% of anthracnose, 17% of leaf spot, 5% of phytophthora blight and 3% of gray mold in the conventional shade, while 0 ~ 0.1% disease incidence and 95% of emergence rate in the plastic-film house. The growth in the aboveground and underground part of ginseng was totally better, particularly characteristics affecting yield such as root length, main root length and diameter in the plastic-film house. The fresh weight was increased by 128% compared to the conventional shade and harvested roots per $3.3m^2$ were 36 roots in the conventional shade and 58 roots in the plastic-film house and futhermore yield per $3.3m^2$ was increased by 216% compared to the conventional shade. As covering materials, the rice straw in the plastic-film house was excellent. The ginsenoside contents affecting the quality of ginseng were higher in the plastic-film house indicating 0.333% of Rg1, 0.672% of Rb1, 0.730% of Rc and rate of red rusty root was less than 4.0 ~ 6.1%. Above the results, the quality of ginseng grown in the plastic-film house covered with shade net was improved than that of the conventional shade.