• International Journal of Safety
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2004

This paper introduces the software life-cycle V&V (verification and validation) tasks for the KNICS (Korea nuclear instrumentation and control system) project. The objectives of the V&V tasks are mainly to develop a programmable logic controller (PLC) for safety critical instrumentation and control (I&C) systems, and then to apply the PLC to developing the prototype of an engineered safety features-component control system (ESF-CCS) in nuclear power plants. As preparative works for the software V&V, various kinds of software plans and V&V task procedures have been developed according to the software life-cycle management. A number of software V&V tools have been adopted or developed to efficiently support the V&V tasks. The V&V techniques employed in this work include a checklist-based review and inspection, a requirement traceability analysis, formal verification, and life-cycle based software testing.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.284-290
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• 2016

Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology can be used to assess impacts on the environment that might be generated during treatment of wastewater and sludge treatment. In this work, LCA methodology was suggested to evaluate monthly environmental impact of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Two field scale WWTPs, A2/O process and conventional activated sludge process (CAS), were selected as target plants and the operational data were collected from those plants. As the function units, the unit volume of treated wastewater of $1m^3$ and 1 kg T-N eq. removed were selected. The environmental effect of target WWTPs operation were assessed as impact categories such as global warming potential, eutrophication potential, and so on. From monthly profiles of each index, it was shown that the environmental impact of WWTPs has seasonal patterns influenced by the influent flow rate variation causing higher impacts in winter than summer. This is due to the fact that there were no significant increase in the electricity consumption and chemical usage during the summer while the treated volume of wastewater was increased.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2005

Plants possess the ability to dissipate the excitation energy for the protection of photosynthetic apparatus from absorbed excess light. Heat dissipation is regulated by xanthophyll cycle in thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. We investigated the mechanistic aspects of xanthophyll cycle-dependent photoprotection against low-temperature photoinhibition in plants. Using barley and rice as chilling-resistant species and sensitive ones, respectively, chilling-induced chlorophyll fluorescence quenching, composition of xanthophyll cycle pigments and mRNA expression of the zeaxanthin epoxidase were examined. Chilled barley plants exhibited little changes in chlorophyll fluorescence quenching either of photochemical or non-photochemical nature and in the photosynthetic electron transport, indicating low reduction state of PS II primary electron acceptor. In contrast to the barley, chilled rice showed a marked decline in those parameters mentioned above, indicating the increased reduction state of PS II primary electron acceptor. In addition, barley plants were shown to have a higher capacity to elevate the pool size of xanthophyll cycle pigments in response to cold stress compared to rice plants. Such species-dependent regulation of xanthophyll cycle activity was correlated with the gene expression level of cold-induced zeaxanthin epoxidase. Chilled rice plants depressed the gene expression of zeaxanthin epoxidase, whereas barley increased its expression in response to cold stress. We suggest that chilling-induced alterations in the pool size of xanthophyll cycle pigments related to its capacity would play an important role in regulating plant's sensitivity to chilling stress.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.73-76
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• 1997

본 연구는 최근 1987부터 1989년까지 충북 충주일대의 참나무림에 극심한 피해를 일으켰던 도토리나방의 생활사를 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 조사결과 도토리나방은 년 1세대 발생하였고 기주식물로는 상수리나무, 밤나무, 졸참나무, 갈참나무 등이 재 확인되었으며 떡갈나무와 굴참나무가 새로이 추가조사되었다. 본 종은 난으로 월동하여 이듬해 4월 말경부터 부화하여 약 3개월 동안 참나무류를 식해하였다. 8월 중순에 노숙유충은 땅으로 내려와 수풀이나 지피물사이에 고치를 틀고 용화하였다. 성충은 9월 말부터 10월 말에 걸쳐 우화하며 대부분이 10월 중순경에 우화하였다. 산란은 대개 기주식물의 지상과 131 cm정도 높이의 수피틈이나 거친부분에 난괴상태로 산란하며 난괴당 평균 난수는 121개 정도 였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.421-426
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• 1990

Field and laboratory works were conducted to Investigate the life history, ginseng damage and chemical control effect of the field slug, Deroceras varians A. Adams. D. varians laid eggs from April to June, but a small number of eggs were also found from July to September in the field. Most young slugs grew through the slimmer months to maturity by October. overwintered beneath the moist soil surface, and began feeding and egg-laying in the following April. indicating that D varians have a life cycle in a year. Damage of ginseng plants by D. varina occurred mainly from late April to mid May in the 3rd to 5th year ginseng fields with rice-straw mulching. It seems that this damage is caused by the adults in oviposition periods and related to rice-straw mulching of ginseng fields. In the experiment, ethoprop 5% granule and metaldehyde 6% bait showed relatively high effectiveness in the control of D. varians adults. Bordeaux mixture was more effective when the chemical was sprayed after infestation of the slug than before the infestation and when the 6-12 mixture was used.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.854-862
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• 2002

In the previous research, a simplified correlation method was developed as an easy prediction tool for comparing energy use of cooling plants. The purpose of this paper is to test the applicability of this method for economic evaluation with two zones of a 20-story commercial building in Seoul. The results of this method were compared with the DOE-2 simulation and actual measured data. Then, Comparisons of life cycle cost were carried out for three types of cooling plants. Testing of one zone showed good agreement of within 10% error in cooling energy use and within 2% error in LCC. But testing of the other zone indicated that the use of this method were invalid when input variables were used beyond its valid range.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2015

Tropical Tasar culture is forest and agro-based activity that covers agricultural and industrial activity. Tasar silk is produced by the silkworm, Antheraea mylitta which is polyphagous in nature. A large number of pests are reported to attack both the host plant as well as silkworm. As the rearing is conducted outdoor silkworms are exposed to attack of various pests during their life cycle. Eocanthecona furcellata (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is the major predator of tasar silkworm during young age rearing. Both nymphs and adults of the stink bug suck the heamolymph of silkworm leading to death. The present work was undertaken to study the life cycle of E. furcellata on larvae of vapourer tussock moth which is a major pest of tasar host plants. The incubation period, nymphal duration and total developmental period from egg to adult was $8.0{\pm}0.45d$, $16.0{\pm}3.24$ and $22.0{\pm}4.20d$, respectively. Pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity of male and female stink bug was $3.20{\pm}0.38$, $17.60{\pm}1.86$, $42.40{\pm}1.94$, $37.00{\pm}3.18d$, respectively. Analysis of the data revealed no significant difference in life cycle of the predator when provided silkworm and vapourer tussock moth larvae as hosts. Which clearly indicates that E. furcellata can multiply on vapourer tussock moth larvae during non rearing periods. Adoption of recommended pest control measures for defoliators of tasar host plants during non-rearing periods will help in reducing the incidence of host plant pests and also in reducing the incidence of stink bug during rearing season. During the study it was also observed that larvae semilooper, boll headed caterpillar and nymphs of leaf hopper serve as alternate/secondary hosts to E. furcellata during non rearing seasons.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 정수 환경에 정착한 3생활형 9분류군의 식물을 대상으로 1년동안 정기적으로 모니터링을 실시하였으며, 이를 통해 식물 생활형이 수위 조건에 따라 식물 정착에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 밝히고자 하였다. 18개의 실험구를 셋으로 나누어 16주 범람 기간 동안 0, 20, 60cm로 수위를 각각 유지하였으며, 범람 기간을 제외한 기간은 0cm로 수위를 모두 동일하게 유지하였다. 1차년에 식재한 다년생 식물인 큰고랭이(Scirpus tabernaemontani), 줄(Zizania caduciflora), 부들속 2종(Typha angustifolia, T. orientalis)은 종자에 의한 추가적인 정착은 없었으며, 수문 조건이 밀도 및 초고 생장에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나 1년생 식물인 고마리(Persicaria thunbergii), 여뀌(Persicaria hydropiper), 사마귀풀(Aneilema japonicum)과 2년생인 벼룩나물(Stellaria uliginosa), 뚝새풀(Alopecurus aequalis), 개피(Beckmannia syzigachne)는 상대적으로 수문 조건에 의한 영향을 크게 받았다. 정수 환경에서 침수 수위 및 침수 기간은 상대적으로 지하경을 형성하지 못하는 1, 2년생 식물 종들의 정착 및 생육에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.309-313
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• 2001

벼먹노린재(Scotinophara lurida)에 대한 생활사와 기주식물에 대한 연구를 1999년부터 2001년에 걸쳐 수행하였다. 벼먹노린재의 알은 엷은 회색의 란형이다. 약충은 5령까지 발육하고, 체색은 적갈색, 흑갈색 그리고 갈색으로 체장은 1.19~7.24mm이다. 성충은 암수 모드 검은색이며 체장은 각각 9.34, 8.47mm, 월동성충의 수명은 27.2일, 산란수는 30.7개이다. 각 태별 발육기간은 알기간이 4.3일, 약충기간은 45.8일이다. 기주식물로 확인 종은 총 9종이었다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 8th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.353-358
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• 2020

Recent efforts to develop a common standard for nuclear power plants (NPPs) with the aim of creating (1) a digital environment for a better understanding of NPPs life-cycle management aspect and (2) engineering data interoperability by using existing standards among different unspecified project participants (e.g., owners/operators, engineers, contractors, equipment suppliers) during plants' life cycle process (EPC, O&M, and decommissioning). In order to meet this goal, there is a need for formulating a standardized high-level physical breakdown structure (PBS) for NPPs project management office (PMO). However, high-level PBS must be comprehensive enough and able to represent the different types of plants and the new trends of technologies in the industry. This has triggered the need for addressing the issues of the recent operational NPPs and future technologies' ramification for evaluating the changes in the NPPs physical components in terms of structure, system, and component (SSC) configuration. In this context, this ongoing study examines the recent conventional NPPs and technological trends in the development of future NPPs facilities. New reactor models regarding the overlap of variant issues of nuclear technology were explored. Finally, issues on PBS for project management are explored by the examination of the configuration of NPPs primary system. The primary systems' configuration of different reactor models is assessed in order to clarify the need for analyzing the new trends in nuclear technology and to formulate a common high-level PBS. Findings and implications are discussed for further studies.