• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 DSP에서 필수적인 고속 저 전력 조건 선택 덧셈기/뺄셈기의 마크로 셀 라이브러리를 설계, 구축하였다. 덧셈기의 Carry전달 지연 시간을 최소로 하기 위한 CLA 기법과 연산 가능한 모든 결과 값을 미리 계산한 후 선택하는 조건 선택 기법을 적용하였다. 또한 이러한 설계방법이 8비트에서 64비트까지 자동 생성될 수 있도록 전용 프로그램을 작성하고 셀 기반 설계기법을 도입하여 Auto P&R Tool과 연계하여 자동으로 레이아웃이 가능하도록 하였다. 제안된 덧셈기/뺄셈기는 0.25${\mu}m$, 1-Poly, 5-Metal, N-well CMOS 공정을 사용하여 제작되었으며, 2.5V 단일 공급전압에서 지연시간, 소모 전력을 측정하였다. 측정결과 32 비트 덧셈기/뺄셈기의 경우 3.43ns의 지연시간과 42.8${\mu}w$/MHz의 전력소비를 나타내었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.515-521
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• 2013

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (the treatment group) versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy (the control group) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: The search strategy included Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Internet Web, Chinese Biomedical Database and Wanfang Database. We also searched reference lists of articles and the volumes of abstracts of scientific meetings. All randomized controlled trials were included for a meta-analysis performed with RevMan 5.1.0. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system (GRADE) was used to rate the level of evidence. Results: Eleven studies were included. Risk ratios of 0.99 (95%CI 0.72-1.36), 0.37 (95%CI 0.20-0.69), 1.08 (95%CI 0.84-1.38), 0.98 (95%CI 0.75-1.27) were observed for 3 years overall survival, 3 years progression-free survival, 2 years loco-regional failure-free survival and 2 years distant metastasis failure-free survival. There were no treatment-related deaths in either group in the 11 studies. Risk ratios of 1.90 (95%CI 1.24-2.92), 2.67 (95%CI 0.64-11.1), 1.04 (95%CI 0.79-1.37), 0.98 (95%CI 0.27-3.52) were found for grade 3-4 leukopenia, grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia, grade 3-4 mucous membrane, and grade 3-4 hepatic hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity, the most significant toxicities for patients. Conclusion: Compared with the control group, induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy was well tolerated but could not significantly improve prognosis in terms of overall survival, loco-regional failure-free survival or distant metastasis failure-free survival.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.4597-4601
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• 2015

Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) -173G/C (rs755622) gene polymorphism has been associated with cancer risk. Previous studies have revealed that MIF -173G/C gene polymorphism may increase cancer in the Chinese population, while results of individual published studies remain inconsistent and inconclusive.We performed this meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship. Materials and Methods: We conducted a search on PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Weipu on Dec 31, 2014.Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were used to assess the association. A total of eight studies including 2,186 cases and 2,285 controls were involved in this meta-analysis. Results: The pooled results indicated the significant association between MIF -173G/C polymorphism and the risk of cancer for Chinese population (CC + CG vs GG: OR=1.14, 95%CI=1.02-127, pheterogeneity<0.01; P=0.023; CC vs CG+GG: OR=1.12, 95%CI=1.02-1.23, pheterogeneity<001; P=0.017;CC vs GG: OR=1.18, 95%CI=1.04-1.33, pheterogeneity<001; P=0.008; CG vs GG:OR=1.03, 95%CI=0.91-1.15, pheterogeneity<001; P=0.656; C vs G:OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.14-1.25, pheterogeneity<001; P<001). Subgroup analysis showed that in patients with "solid tumors", heterogeneity was very large (OR=0.94,95%CI=0.83-1.06,pheterogeneity=0.044; p=0.297). Within "non-solid tumors", the association became even stronger (OR=6.62, 95 % CI=4.32-10.14, pheterogeneity<0.001; p<0.001). Conclusions: This study suggested that MIF -173G/C gene polymorphism may increase increase cancer in the Chinese population.Furthermore, more larger sample and representative population-based casees and well-matched controls are needed to validate our results.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제20권1E호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2001

We have proposed BIST method and circuit for embedded 16M SDRAM with logic. It can test the AC parameter of embedded 16M SDRAM using the BIST circuit capable of detecting the address of a fail cell installed in an Merged Memory with Logic(MML). It generates the information of repair for redundancy circuit. The function and AC parameter of the embedded memory can also be tested using the proposed BIST method. It is possible to test the embedded SDRAM without external test pin. The total gate of the BIST circuit is approximately 4,500 in the case of synthesizing by 0.25μm cell library and is verified by Verilog simulation. The test time of each one AC parameter is about 200ms using 2Y-March 14n algorithm.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2012

This paper describes a multi-mode LDPC decoder which supports 19 block lengths and 6 code rates of Quasi-Cyclic LDPC code for Mobile WiMAX system. To achieve an efficient implementation of 114 operation modes, some design optimizations are considered including block-serial layered decoding scheme, a memory reduction technique based on the min-sum decoding algorithm and a novel method for generating the cyclic shift values of parity check matrix. From fixed-point simulations, decoding performance and optimal hardware parameters are analyzed. The designed LDPC decoder is verified by FPGA implementation, and synthesized with a $0.18-{\mu}m$ CMOS cell library. It has 380,000 gates and 52,992 bits RAM, and the estimated throughput is about 164 ~ 222 Mbps at 56 MHz@1.8 V.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2003

Ninety nine random complementary DNA clones from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver cDNA library were partially sequenced as one approach to analyze the transcribed sequences of its genome. Of the sequence generated, $64.0\%$ of the ESTs were represented by 29 known genes. Thirty six clones of the unknown gene products potentially represent 31 unique genes. Serum albumin $(16.1\%)$ was the most abundant in the liver. The structural genes in the liver $(19\%)$ were the highly expressed functional category. This research is helpful to understand tissue specific gene expression profile and basic relationship between tissue and functional categories of the genes.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.157-182
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• 2023

이 연구는 국립중앙도서관에서 개발한 주제명표목표의 구성 현황과 2003년부터 2022년까지 국가서지 1,218,867건에 부여된 주제명의 현황을 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 주제명표목표의 전체 주제명 중 우선어는 257,103개로 전체 용어의 50.2% 이상이었으며, 외국어가 169,466개(33.1%), 비우선어가 61,442개(12.0%) 등으로 구성되었다. 우선어 중에 활용된 주제명은 57,312종으로 22.3%에 해당하며 이 중 54.7%인 31,351종의 주제명은 부여횟수 5회 미만으로, 전체 중에서 적은 수의 주제명만을 활용하고 있음을 파악하였다. 둘째, 관계지시기호의 빈도는 RT, BT, NT 순으로 나타났으며, 최상위 주제명은 12,602종, 최하위 주제명은 143,704종이었고 최대 심도는 17수준이었다. 셋째, 서지 당 평균 1.72회의 주제명이 부여되었으며, 자료의 내용이 특정적일수록 주제명 부여 횟수가 많아지고 심도도 깊어지는 경향을 보였다. 그리고 최근에 입력한 서지일수록 부여된 주제명 수가 증가하였고 심도도 깊어졌으나, KDC 주류에 따라 서지 당 부여된 주제명 수는 편차가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 현황 분석을 통해 결과적으로 주제명표목표가 수록한 용어의 범위에 대한 평가와 주제명의 계층 관계 및 심도의 재정비가 요구되며, 주제명표목표의 세목 개발을 통한 개선이 필요한 것으로 판단하였다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.269-282
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• 2017

이 연구에서는 Earth Observing System Terra 위성에 탑재된 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 협대역 방출율(채널 29, 30, 31) 자료와 다중선형회귀모형을 이용하여 지표면 광대역 방출율을 추정하였다. 다중선형회귀모형 도출 및 검증을 위한 분광 방출율 자료는 MODIS University of California, Santa Barbara와 Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer spectral library의 307종(토양 123종, 식생 32종, 물 19종, 인위적 재료 43종, 바위 90종)을 사용하였다. 도출된 다중선형회귀모형의 결정계수($R^2$)는 0.95 (p<.001)로 높게 나타났고 또한 이 모형 결과와 이론적 광대역 방출율 값의 평균제곱근오차(Root Mean Square Error)는 0.0070이었다. 그리고 이 연구 결과에 따라 계산된 지표면 광대역 방출율을 선행 연구 Wang et al. (2005)의 결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과 아시아, 아프리카, 오세아니아 지역에서 이 연구와 Wang et al. (2005)의 결과에 대한 1월 평균 지표면 광대역방출율의 평균제곱근오차는 0.0054이었고 최소와 최대 편차는 각각 0.0027과 0.0067이었으며 이러한 통계 값은 8월에도 유사하였다. 이 연구에서 다중선형회귀모형에 의하여 계산한 지표면 광대역 방출율은 Wang et al. (2005)의 값과 큰 차이가 없이 비교적 정확하게 산출되었으나 산출 정확성 향상을 위해서는 토지피복특성에 따른 차별화된 회귀모형 적용 필요성이 제기된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2049-2053
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• 2016

Background: The LigaSure vessel sealing system has been proposed to save operation time and reduce intraoperative blood loss for various surgeries. However, its usage for gastric cancer is still controversial. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to compare the effectiveness of LigaSure with conventional surgery in gastrectomy. Materials and Methods: Sources were retrieved from the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Google Scholar until February, 2015. All randomized controlled trials comparing LigaSure with conventional surgery in curative gastric cancer resection were selected. After data extraction, statistics were performed by Review Manager 5.1 software. Results: Three eligible randomized controlled trials were evaluated, with a total of 335 patients. The quality of the included trials was good, yet some methodological and clinical heterogeneity existed. There were no significant differences between the LigaSure and conventional groups in operative time (weighted mean difference [WMD], -22.95 minutes; 95% confidence interval [CI], [-59.75, 13.85]; P = 0.22), blood loss (WMD, -45.8 ml; 95% CI, [-134.5, 42.90]; P = 0.31), nor the incidence of surgical complications (odds ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, [0.68, 2.05]; P = 0.54). But there was a longer duration of hospital stay in LigaSure group (WMD, 1.41 days; 95% CI, [0.14, 2.68]; P = 0.03). Conclusions: All available randomized evidence has been summarized. LigaSure does not confer significant advantage over conventional surgery for curative gastric cancer resection. The usefulness of the device may be limited in gastrectomy. But, more trials are needed for further assessment of the LigaSure system for gastric cancer.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.450-461
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• 2020

Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the agreement of cardiac computed tomography (CT) with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in the assessment of right ventricle (RV) volume and functional parameters. Materials and Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library were systematically searched for studies that compared CT with CMRI as the reference standard for measurement of the following RV parameters: end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), or ejection fraction (EF). Meta-analytic methods were utilized to determine the pooled weighted bias, limits of agreement (LOA), and correlation coefficient (r) between CT and CMRI. Heterogeneity was also assessed. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the probable factors affecting measurement of RV volume: CT contrast protocol, number of CT slices, CT reconstruction interval, CT volumetry, and segmentation methods. Results: A total of 766 patients from 20 studies were included. Pooled bias and LOA were 3.1 mL (-5.7 to 11.8 mL), 3.6 mL (-4.0 to 11.2 mL), -0.4 mL (5.7 to 5.0 mL), and -1.8% (-5.7 to 2.2%) for EDV, ESV, SV, and EF, respectively. Pooled correlation coefficients were very strong for the RV parameters (r = 0.87-0.93). Heterogeneity was observed in the studies (I² > 50%, p < 0.1). In the subgroup analysis, an RV-dedicated contrast protocol, ≥ 64 CT slices, CT volumetry with the Simpson's method, and inclusion of the papillary muscle and trabeculation had a lower pooled bias and narrower LOA. Conclusion: Cardiac CT accurately measures RV volume and function, with an acceptable range of bias and LOA and strong correlation with CMRI findings. The RV-dedicated CT contrast protocol, ≥ 64 CT slices, and use of the same CT volumetry method as CMRI can improve agreement with CMRI.