• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.257-266
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• 2006

Recently TCP/IP Offload Engine (TOE) technology, which processes TCP/IP on a network adapter instead of the host CPU, has become an important approach to reduce TCP/IP processing overhead in the host CPU. There have been two approaches to implementing TOE: software TOE, in which TCP/IP is processed by an embedded processor on a network adapter; and hardware TOE, in which all TCP/IP functions are implemented by hardware. This paper proposes a hybrid TOE that combines software and hardware functions in the TOE. In the hybrid TOE, functions that cannot have guaranteed performance on an embedded processor because of heavy load are implemented by hardware. Other functions that do not impose as much load are implemented by software on embedded processors. The hybrid TOE guarantees network performance near that of hardware TOE and it has the advantage of flexibility, because it is easy to add new functions or offload upper-level protocols of TCP/IP. In this paper, we developed a prototype board with an FPGA and an ARM processor to implement a hybrid TOE prototype. We implemented the hardware modules on the FPGA and the software modules on the ARM processor. We also developed a coprocessing mechanism between the hardware and software modules. Experimental results proved that the hybrid TOE prototype can greatly reduce the load on a host CPU and we analyzed the effects of the coprocessing mechanism. Finally, we analyzed important features that are required to implement a complete hybrid TOE and we predict its performance.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.295-310
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• 2002

Software architecture representing a common high-level abstraction of a system can be used as a basis for creating mutual understanding among all stakeholders of the system. In determining a software architecture's fitness with respect to its desired qualities as well as in improving a software architecture, software architecture evaluation is importantly performed. However moat of architecture evaluation methods are not still sufficient in that they do not explicitly consider artifacts discussed during architecture evaluation and their processes are net systematic. As a result, we are hard to follow them. To address these problems, this paper presents the method to evaluate systematically a software architecture with respect to its desired qualities. In this approach, the functional and non-functional requirements are separately handled, and software architecture is represented in the 4+1 view model using UML. Through this initial consideration, the important artifacts such as goals, scope, and target of evaluation are clearly determined. Also, the method provides the well defined process to produce the important evaluation artifacts such as sub-designs, design decisions, rationale, qualities from inputs. In addition, it enables us to determine satisfaction of a architecture with respect its desired qualities or improve a architecture through the structured evaluation results.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.693-699
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• 2016

The simulators for pump operation developed by domestic or overseas research have been developed for dynamic analysis or operator training purposes. However, previous developed simulators focused on the operators so they are unsuitable for logic designers or commissioning engineers who need to change the operation conditions or logics arbitrarily. In addition, the simulator for two or more condensate pumps' operation, which can be used easily by plant designers or operators, has not been developed. Accordingly, this paper suggests a simulation method that can be used easily for plant designers or operators using MATLAB Simulink. This suggestion helps users who can use MATLAB to implement ANSI/ISA S5.2, which is applied mainly for DCS (Distributed Control System). In addition, to implement the logics specified in the CODE, Sub-Systems were created for the block and evaluated to determine if they can be used in the simulator. In the working level stage using the suggested method, all error possibilities that might occur during the three pumps' rotation operation could be verified with the suggested simulator during the design stage or before operation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5578-5587
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to confirm how keeping a educational diary in which no feedback is given in the teaching practice in kindergartens affects a teacher efficacy and the educational belief of preschool teachers-to-be as well as the organizational health of kindergartens to practice according to the way teachers feel. With this aim, the study aimed at 34 seniors at the Department of Early Childhood Education in the four-year college in Chungnam. The study conducted this experiment using the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design, and carried out a $x^2$ analysis and a t-test according to the data. Concerning the research results, first, keeping a educational diary of teaching practice affirmatively affected a teacher efficacy. Second, it did not significantly affect a teacher's educational belief. Third, it did not significantly affect the organizational health of the kindergarten to practice according to the ways teachers-to-be feel. This study is meaningful in that keeping a reflective journal in which feedback by a guidance teacher for practice becomes the basic proposition may be replaced with the keeping of a diary of practice at the level of practicality. This means that a teacher's sense of efficacy may improve simply by keeping a educational diary of teaching practice without feedback by a guidance teacher.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.16 no.2 s.48
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• pp.135-143
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• 2006

This study presents the results of a series of laboratory scale slope failure experiments aimed at clarifying the process and the condition leading to the initiation of rainfall-induced slope failures. For the evaluation of hydrologic response of the model slopes in relation the process of failure initiation, measurements were focused on the changes in volumetric water content during the initiation process. The process leading to failure initiation commences by the development of a seepage face. It appears reasonable to conclude that slope failures are a consequence of the instability of seepage area formed at the slope surface during rainfall period. Therefore, this demonstrates the importance of monitoring the development seepage area for useful prediction about the timing of a particular failure event. The hydrologic response of soil slopes leading to failure initiation is characterized by three phases (phase I, II and III) of significant increase in volumetric water content in association with the ingress of wetting front and the rise of groundwater level within the slope. The period of phase III increase in volumetric water content can be used to initiate advance warning towards a failure initiation event. Therefore, for the concept outlined above, direct and continuous monitoring of the change in volumetric water content is likely to provide the possibility for the development of a reliable and effective means of predicting the occurrence of rainfall-induced slope failures.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Conventional microgyroscopes of vibrating type require resonant frequency tuning of the driving and sensing modes to achieve high sensitivity. These tuning conditions depend on each fabricated microgyroscopes, even though the microgyroscopes are identically designed. A new micromachined resonator, which is applicable to microgyroscopes with self-toning characteristics, is presented. Since the laterally driven two degrees of freedom (2DOF) resonator was designed as a symmetric structure with identical stiffness in two orthogonal axes, the resonator is applicable to vibrating microgyroscopes, which do not need mode tuning. A dynamic model of the resonator was derived considering gyroscopic application. The dynamic model was evaluated by experimental comparison with fabricated resonators. The microgyroscopes were fabricated using a simple 2-mask-process of a single polysilicon layer deposited on an insulator layer. The feasibility of the resonator as a vibrating microgyroscopes with self-tuning capability is discussed. The fabricated resonators of a particular design have process-induced non-uniformities that cause different resonant frequencies. For several resonators, the standard deviations of the driving and sensing frequencies were as high as 1232Hz and 1214Hz, whereas the experimental average detuning frequency was 91.75Hz. The minimum detuned frequency was 68Hz with $0.034mVsec/^{\circ}$ sensitivity. The sensitivity of the microgyroscopes was low due to process-induced non-uniformity; the angular rate bandwidth, however, was wide. This resonator could be successfully applicable to a vibrating microgyroscopes with high sensitivity, if improvements in uniformity of the fabrication process are achieved. Further developments in improved integrated circuits are expected to lower the noise level even more.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

In this paper, the laboratory test results with middle-sired ,soil box test in modeling the in-situ installing of horizontal drains are discussed the estimation of the optimum negative pressure. The test was carried out in the different vacuum pressure conditions together with the measurement for the settlement and volume change of drained water by the installed drains during the consolidation process. After the test, the water content was measured to both directions of lateral distance from the drain and depth of the soil, to find out the distribution of ground improvement and strength enhancement. From the analysis on the distribution of water content, the gradual application of vacuum pressure to higher level by pre-determined stages starting from low vacuum pressure is found to be effective and desirable. In the comparison of the degrees of consolidation with elapsed time, the calculated value by the prediction method based on the Barren's conventional theory showed a good agreement with the measured value. With this, It is positively considered that the applicability of the prediction method based on Barren's theory to the practical design of horizontal drains can be justified such as in the calculation of drain spacing and consolidation period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.12-27
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• 2004

Thanks to spectacular advances in the techniques for identifying proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and in methods for large-scale analysis of proteome variations, proteomics is becoming an essential methodology in various fields of plant sciences. Plant proteomics would be most useful when combined with other functional genomics tools and approaches. A combination of microarray and proteomics analysis will indicate whether gene regulation is controlled at the level of transcription or translation and protein accumulation. In this review, we described the catalogues of the rice proteome which were constructed in our program, and functional characterization of some of these proteins was discussed. Mass-spectrometry is a most prevalent technique to identify rapidly a large of proteins in proteome analysis. However, the conventional Western blotting/sequencing technique us still used in many laboratories. As a first step to efficiently construct protein data-file in proteome analysis of major cereals, we have analyzed the N-terminal sequences of 100 rice embryo proteins and 70 wheat spike proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Edman degradation revealed the N-terminal peptide sequences of only 31 rice proteins and 47 wheat proteins, suggesting that the rest of separated protein spots are N-terminally blocked. To efficiently determine the internal sequence of blocked proteins, we have developed a modified Cleveland peptide mapping method. Using this above method, the internal sequences of all blocked rice proteins (i. e., 69 proteins) were determined. Among these 100 rice proteins, thirty were proteins for which homologous sequence in the rice genome database could be identified. However, the rest of the proteins lacked homologous proteins. This appears to be consistent with the fact that about 30% of total rice cDNA have been deposited in the database. Also, the major proteins involved in the growth and development of rice can be identified using the proteome approach. Some of these proteins, including a calcium-binding protein that fumed out to be calreticulin, gibberellin-binding protein, which is ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activate in rice, and leginsulin-binding protein in soybean have functions in the signal transduction pathway. Proteomics is well suited not only to determine interaction between pairs of proteins, but also to identify multisubunit complexes. Currently, a protein-protein interaction database for plant proteins (http://genome .c .kanazawa-u.ac.jp/Y2H)could be a very useful tool for the plant research community. Recently, we are separated proteins from grain filling and seed maturation in rice to perform ESI-Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS. This experiment shows a possibility to easily and rapidly identify a number of 2-DE separated proteins of rice by ESI-Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS. Therefore, the Information thus obtained from the plant proteome would be helpful in predicting the function of the unknown proteins and would be useful in the plant molecular breeding. Also, information from our study could provide a venue to plant breeder and molecular biologist to design their research strategies precisely.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.504-514
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to identify the educational effects of self directed learning applying basic nursing practice contents of e-learning on nursing students' knowledge, self-confidence, and learning satisfaction. Method: This study applied a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test control group design with 63 freshman nursing students (31 experimental group, 32 control group) of G. university in Incheon, Korea as subjects. The e-learning content was about the application of topical medications, central line care, and blood transfusion. All were available at the web site in school. Self-directed e-learning was more than 120 min.(3 times a week, 2 weeks)during Sep-Nov in 2011. In both groups, there were no significant difference in general characteristics, self-directed learning readiness, knowledge, and self-confidence for the pre-homogeneity. Results: The experimental group showed a higher level of improvement in knowledge and learning satisfaction but not significantly. However, the self-confidence was significantly improved in the experimental group. Conclusion: When self-directed learning using e-learning contents added to the conventional practical class, it may be beneficial for the nursing students to learn skills effectively.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.449-465
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• 2017

Small and medium-sized company workers are ill-prepared for retirement due to low wages and poor working conditions, as result, are likely to get into poverty in retirement. The purpose of this study is to conduct a case study on the current status of financial and non-financial retirement preparation of the small and medium-sized company workers. The main findings are as follows. First, the small and medium-sized company workers show the anxiety about retirement. Many pre-retirees worry that their retirement savings may not generate enough income in retirement, and the level of benefits paid in public pension is inadequate. Second, they are preparing for retirement in the areas of finance, health, working after retirement and social activity. Third, they are realistic and practical in retirement decisions makings. they are considering household budget downsizing, cutting education costs, the low-waged job choice and cash flow preference in retirement. The safety and reality in preparation for retirement are top considerations. In conclusion, this case study shows that pre-retirees of small and medium-sized companies are seeking diverse retirement solutions. We need to design integrated and practical retirement planning programs to support their specific retirement needs.