• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.268-276
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• 2011

The product-level carbon footprint (PCF) is a comprehensive and widely accepted metric for sustainable product development. However, since a full PCF study in general is time and cost intensive, it is not feasible for the product development team to synchronize the activity to the main product development process. In addition, the current dedicated life cycle assessment (LCA) tools for calculating PCF, separated from the main product data management systems, have limitations to provide timely PCF information for design decision makings and collaborations between design and environment engineers. This paper examines the possibility of the extension of the current product data model that can support the PCF calculation with PDM (Product Data Management) databases. The product data model can represent not only the content of products but also context or system information of the products. The product data model can be implemented as a PDM database that can satisfy the needs for handy and timely PCF calculations from the consistent product data for dynamic design decision makings and engineering collaborations.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2011

It is very important to determine link composition of a crane in the basic design of the crane. There are many parameters in the design for the link composition of a double link type level luffing jib crane. We analyze the variation of link composition according to the variation of these parameters which are the angle of fixed link, the angle between the fixed link and backstay when the position of the crane is the maximum working radius, the ratio of fly jib length between two moving hinges to the total length of fly jib, the length of backstay, and the slewing radius. In this paper, we describe the application of the previous analysis program of the link composition design for a double link type level luffing jib crane.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.2716-2725
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• 1972

Side channel spillways based on Hinds theory were tested. Surface water level at the beginning point of side channel is the same as the crest level of weir in the usual design. Here, side channel section were moved upwards $\frac{1}{2}$ of the total head on the crest and test(revised experiment) were made. In the revised experiments, coefficients of discharge for design flood (Q) were the same with that of original design experiments. In case of 1.2Q a little influence of submergence were appeared, coefficients of discharge were decreased to be about 97.6% of that of original design experiments, therefore, Reservoir flood water level become higher about 2-3cm than original case. So revised design can be used for actual purpose and it will brings much savings in construction cost of side channel spillway.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.191-195
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• 2005

This study examines how the students evaluate the color of classrooms in university after remodeling. This is a elementary study, which suggests a direction of study on a criterion of color design in classroom remodeling. The study was progressed through visiting classrooms and POE(post occupancy evaluation). The results indicate that most students satisfied with color environment, and the project of remodeling has increased the level of satisfaction in comparison with before. The level of satisfaction with the color of the architectural elements was high. The level was affected by wall color, floor color and color combination with elements' color. The overall satisfaction with classroom color was correlated with all architectural elements' color. The result shows that the positive effect and insufficiency of color design in remodeling. Also it shows that the color combination is one of important factors of satisfaction of color environment.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.173-184
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 프로펠러나 헬리콥터 로터와 같은 회전체의 공력 최적 설계를 위한 다단 최적 설계 프레임워크를 제안한다. 이 프레임워크는 플랜폼 설계와 단면의 형상 설계를 반복적으로 수행하는 설계 전략을 통해 회전체의 공력 성능 향상을 목표로 한다. 플랜폼 설계의 단계에서는 유전 알고리즘과 2차원 CFD 데이터베이스 기반의 깃 요소 모멘텀 이론을 이용하여 빠른 시간에 회전체의 공력 특성을 평가하여 최적점을 탐색하였다. 플랜폼 설계 후 단면에 유입되는 유동 조건을 예측하여 단면 형상 최적 설계를 수행하였다. 설계 과정에서 보다 면밀하게 유동 특성이 분석될 수 있도록 2차원 N-S 해석자와 민감도 기반의 최적화 알고리즘을 통해 최적해를 탐색하였다. 단면 형상이 설계된 후에는 최적의 유동 조건을 산출할 수 있도록 플랜폼 설계를 반복적으로 수행하였다. 본 프레임워크를 1kW급 전기추진용 항공기 프로펠러 설계에 적용하여 그 유효성을 3차원 N-S 해석과 풍동 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 설계 후, 풍동 실험 결과를 기준으로 약 5%의 프로펠러 효율 증가를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.269-285
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• 2008

Design productivity can't be easily measured since there are so many different design productivity factors but such a few meaningful design product units. It's very difficult to evaluate the performance of design activities. Performance measures are not defined easily and are not measured correctly in many cases. So, in this paper the value added productivity is used to measure and analyze design productivity. Some issues are analysed to assess real productivity level of Korean service industry. And then we propose a few ways to Improve design productivity including the use of scientific approach at design processes and the change of the industry structure. It seems that the higher the level of IT(Information Technology) usage at a design industry is, the higher the design productivity is. Further research will be needed to investigate scientific approaches to increase design productivity.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

BIM(Building Information Modeling) ordering manuals and guidelines are diffused with the recent BIM activation. However, it is causing drawbacks such as an increase of work at each design stage and a decline of BIM application level that the standard of making up and managing BIM is vague and it includes comprehensive meaning. Therefore, this study aims to secure BIM work standard by establishing BIM making-out standard based on LOD(Level of Detail) classification considering domestic design process. It compared each definition of LOD by analyzing domestic and foreign BIM guideline examples, and figured out insufficiency of existing domestic and foreign design process and BIM guidelines. Moreover, it drew architects' work articles for promoting the progression of the efficient design process, and analyzed BIM requirements on design process, dividing BIM application scale by field. Through this analyzing process, it finally established BIM making-out standard classified by design process. The effects of establishing BIM making-out standard would include improving a division of labor and cooperation environment by creating integrated BIM model on design stages, advancing work efficiency by preventing a repetition and an increase of work, and upgrading project completeness and design quality. Besides, it can secure BIM work standard by clarifying responsibility for working steps. BIM making-out standard established by this study will contribute to developing the future BIM work standard document and BIM guideline as a data base.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.173-173
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• 2015

The flood water level in tidal river is determined by the joint effects of flood discharge and tidal water levels at downstream boundary. Due to the variable tidal boundary conditions, the evaluated design water levels associated with a certain flood event can be significantly different. To avoid determining of design water levels just by a certain tidal boundary condition and remove the influence of variability in boundary condition from the evaluation of design water levels, a probabilistic approach is considered in this study. This study focuses on the development of a method to evaluate the realistic design water levels in tidal river with taking into account the combined effects of river discharge and tidal level. The flood water levels are described by the joint probability of two driving forces, river discharge and tidal water levels. The developed method is applied to determine design water levels for the tidal reach of the Han River. An unsteady flow model is used to simulate the flow in the reach. To determine design water levels associated with a certain flood event, first, possible boundary conditions are obtained by sampling starting times of tidal level time series; then for each tidal boundary condition, corresponding peak water levels along the channel are computed; and finally, design water levels are determined by computing the expectations of the peak water levels. Two types of tides which are composed by different constituents are assumed (one is composed by $M_2$, and the other one is composed by $M_2$ and $M_2$) at downstream boundary, and two flood events with different maximum flood discharges are considered in this study. It is found that (a) the computed design water levels with two assumed tides have no significant difference for a certain flood event, though variability of peak water levels due to the tidal effect is considerably different; (b) tidal effect can reach to the Jamsil submerged weir and the effect is obvious in the downstream reach of the Singok submerged weir; (c) in the tidally affected reach, the variability of peak water levels due to the tidal effect is greater if the maximum flood discharge is smaller.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.378-388
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• 2016

As the needs for the mega-sized, high-rise and irregular shape of building increase, domestic application of BIM in construction industry is increasing in recent years. In this circumstance, interests in BIM modeling and modeling detail level have been also increased. BIM that is based on a three-dimensions, requires a specific and precise building expressions. And model expression level required for each phase such as design, construction, and maintenance of the construction project could be different as its needs. Because that it is not clear to define the criteria for the expression level of construction BIM model, It is difficult to decide how detail and what to model is appropriate in the practical application of BIM model. It could be the reason why the productivity in construction project became lower and lower. In this study we consider the way how to improve the productivity of BIM and analyze the appropriate representation level of construction BIM model through the experts' survey. The results of study could suggest the basis for an appropriate expression level of construction BIM model.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2005

현재 게임 레벨 디자인은 게임 유저로 하여금 게임에서 일정수준의 재미를 느낄 수 있게 게 임을 구상하고 적용하는 것으로 게임개발과정에서 중요한 역할을 해왔다. 이러한 레벨 디자인은 레벨 디자이너에 의해 설계되어 왔으며, 대부분의 게임 개발팀에서는 한 레벨 디자이너가 한 레벨씩 맡아서 설계하고 있다. 따라서 게임이 복잡해질수록 레벨 디자이너의 숫자는 늘어나고, 다양한 레벨을 만들기 위해 들어가는 인력과 작업시간은 늘어나야 한다. 본 논문에서는 레벨 구조에 배회 에이전트를 도입하여 하나의 레벨만으로도 다양한 레벨들의 효과를 경험해 볼 수 있도록 레벨 구조가 동적으로 변환되는 방법을 제안한다. 또한 배회 에이전트에 의해서 사용자들 간의 밸런스 조절도 가능함을 보이고자 한다.