• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Our aim in this paper is to give some new proofs to fixed point theorems due to Abdou [1] for mappings satisfying Reich type contractions in modular metric spaces. We removed the restriction that ω satisfies the ∆₂-type condition imposed on the results of [1]. Furthermore, Lemma 2.6 of [1] which was crucial in the proofs of the results of [1] is not needed in the proofs of our results. Our method of proof is simpler and interesting.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.831-850
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• 2023

Our long-standing Metatheorem in Ordered Fixed Point Theory is applied to some well-known order theoretic fixed point theorems. In the first half of this article, we introduce extended versions of the Zermelo fixed point theorem, Zorn's lemma, and the Caristi fixed point theorem based on the Brøndsted-Jachymski principle and our 2023 Metatheorem. We show some of their applications to other fixed point theorems or theorems on the existence of maximal elements in partially ordered sets. In the second half, we collect and improve order theoretic fixed point theorems in the collection of Howard-Rubin in 1991 and others. In fact, we improve or extend several ordering principles or fixed point theorems due to Brézis-Browder, Brøndsted, Knaster-Tarski, Tarski-Kantorovitch, Turinici, Granas-Horvath, Jachymski, and others.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.21-38
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• 2023

Let R be a commutative ring with identity. Let R be an integral domain and M a torsion-free R-module. We investigate the relation between the notion of e-exactness, recently introduced by Akray and Zebari [1], and generalized the concept of homology, and establish a relation between e-exact sequences and homology of modules. We modify some applications of e-exact sequences in homology and reprove some results of homology with e-exact sequences such as horseshoe lemma, long exact sequences, connecting homomorphisms and etc. Next, we generalize two special drived functor T or and Ext, and study some properties of them.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.739-751
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• 1995

Let ${X(t) : 0 \leq t < \infty}$ be an almost surely continuous Gaussian process with X(0) = 0, E{X(t)} = 0 and stationary increments $E{X(t) - X(s)}^2 = \sigma^2($\mid$t - s$\mid$)$, where $\sigma(y)$ is a function of $y \geq 0(e.g., if {X(t);0 \leq t < \infty}$ is a standard Wiener process, then $\sigma(t) = \sqrt{t})$. Assume that $\sigma(t), t > 0$, is a nondecreasing continuous, regularly varying function at infinity with exponent $\gamma$ for some $0 < \gamma < 1$.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.221-239
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• 2023

In our research, we have proposed a solid solution for aviation analysis which can ensure the asymptotic stability of coupled nonlinear plants, according to the theoretical solutions and demonstrated method. Because this solution employed the scheme of specific novel theorem of control, the controllers are artificially combined by the parallel distribution computation to have a feasible solution given the random coupled systems with aviation stability analysis. Therefore, we empathize and manually derive the results which shows the utilized lemma and criterion are believed effective and efficient for aircraft structural analysis of composite and nonlinear scenarios. To be fair, the experiment by numerical computation and calculations were explained the perfectness of the methodology we provided in the research.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.565-602
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• 2024

We study the collective behaviors of two second-order nonlinear consensus models with a bonding force, namely the Kuramoto model and the Cucker-Smale model with inter-particle bonding force. The proposed models contain feedback control terms which induce collision avoidance and emergent consensus dynamics in a suitable framework. Through the cooperative interplays between feedback controls, initial state configuration tends to an ordered configuration asymptotically under suitable frameworks which are formulated in terms of system parameters and initial configurations. For a two-particle system on the real line, we show that the relative state tends to the preassigned value asymptotically, and we also provide several numerical examples to analyze the possible nonlinear dynamics of the proposed models, and compare them with analytical results.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.25-25
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• 2014

Three species of Fusarium, F. fujikuroi, F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum, are known to be associated with bakanae disease of rice [1, 2]. F. fujikuroi infects rice flowers and survive in endosperm and embryo of the seeds. Infected seed is an important source of primary inoculum of pathogens [3]. Seeds of rice (Oryza sativa cv. Boramchan) collected from bakanae-infected field were found to be 96% infected with Fusarium sp., 52% with F. fujikuroi, 42% with F. verticillioides, and 12% with F. proliferatum as determined by incubation method and species-specific PCR assays. F. fujikuroi was detected at lemma/palea, endosperm and embryo whereas F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum were recovered only from lemma/palea by means of component plating test. Seed disinfection methods have been developed to control bakanae disease and prochloraz has been most widely used for rice seeds. Two chemicals formulated with prochloraz (PC 1) and prochloraz + hexaconazole (PC 2) that inhibit biosynthesis of ergosterol strongly reduced the incidence of Fusarium spp. on selective media to 4.7% and 2.0%, respectively. Disease symptoms of rice seedlings in nursery soil were alleviated by chemical treatment; seedlings with elongated leaves or wide angle between leaf and stem were strikingly reduced from 15.6 to 3.2% (PC 1) and 0 (PC 2), stem rots were reduced from 56.9 to 26.2% (PC 1) and 32.1% (PC 2), and normal seedling increased from 0.4 to 13.3% (PC 2). Prochloraz has some disadvantages and risks such as the occurrence of tolerant pathogens [4] and effects on the sterol synthesis in animals and humans [5]. For these reasons, it is necessary to develop new disinfection method that do not induce fungal tolerance and are safe to humans and animals. Chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$), that is less toxic, produces no harmful byproducts, and has high oxidizing power, has been reported to be effective at disinfection of several phytopathogenic fungi including Colletotrichum spp. and Alternaria spp. [6]. Gaseous $ClO_2$ applied to rice seeds at a concentration of 20 ppm strongly suppressed mycelial growth of Fusarium fujikuroi, F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum. The incidence of Fusarium spp. in dry seed with 8.7% seed moisture content (SMC) tended to decrease as the concentration of $ClO_2$ increased from 20 to 40 ppm. Applying 40 ppm $ClO_2$ at 90% relative humidity, incidence was reduced to 5.3% and resulted in significant reduction of disease symptoms on MS media. In nursery soil, stem rot was reduced from 56.9 to 15.4% and the number of normal seedlings increased from 0.4 to 25.5%. With water-soaked seeds (33.1% SMC) holding moisture in the endosperm and embryo, the effectiveness of disinfection using $ClO_2$ increased, even when treated with only 20 ppm for four hours. This suggests that moisture was a key element for action of $ClO_2$. Removal of the palea and lemma from seeds significantly decreased the incidence of Fusarium spp. to 3.0%. Seed germination appeared to decrease slightly by water-soaking at $30^{\circ}C$ because of increased SMC and by physical damage of embryos from hulling. These results indicate that the use of gaseous $ClO_2$ was effective as a means to disinfect rice seeds infected with Fusarium spp. and that moisture around the pathogens in the seed was an important factor for the action of $ClO_2$. Further investigations should be conducted to ascertain the best conditions for complete disinfection of Fusarium spp. that infect deep site of rice seeds.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

본 연구는 중의성을 가진 어휘가 심성 어휘집에 표상된 방식과 감각 양상에 따른 처리 과정을 알아보기 위하여 한국어 동음동철이의 어절의 시·청각 재인 과정을 조사하였다. 청각 어절 판단 과제(실험 1)와 시각 어절 판단 과제(실험 2)를 이용한 두 실험에서 두 가지 이상의 의미를 가진 동음동철이의 어절(예: '물었다')과 단일한 의미만을 가진 통제 어절(예: '고통을')이 사용되었다. 어절 자극들의 누적 빈도는 조작하는 한편, 각 동음동철이의 어절의 다양한 의미가 가지는 상대적 빈도는 통제하였다. 어절 판단 과제를 사용한 두 실험 모두에서 유의한 빈도의 주효과와 함께 의미 수에 따른 어절 유형과 빈도 간의 상호작용이 발견되었다. 실험 1에서 청각적으로 제시된 동음동철이의 어절은 저빈도 조건에서 단의 어절에 비해 반응시간이 빠른 중의성 이득 효과가 나타난 반면, 고빈도 조건에서는 이와 반대로 비이득 효과가 나타났다. 마찬가지로 시각적으로 제시된 실험 2의 자극에서도 유사한 상호작용 패턴이 발견되었다. 본 연구 결과는 시각 및 청각 양상 모두에서 어휘-의미 처리가 상호의존적으로 이루어짐을 보여주며, 이는 의미 처리가 감각 의존적 단계보다는 일반적 어휘 지식 처리 단계에서 이루어질 가능성을 시사한다. 이와 더불어 의미 선택 과정에서 동음동철이의 어절이 가지는 다양한 의미의 후보군은 어절의 빈도가 상대적으로 낮을 때에만 촉진적 피드백을 제공함을 보여준다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2005

A full-length 1.1 kb cDNA, designated Oryza sativa Dehydrin 1 (OsDhn1), was isolated from the seed coat of rice. The deduced protein is hydrophilic and has three K-type and one S-type motifs (SK3-type), indicating that OsDhn1 belongs to the acidic dehydrin family, which includes wheat WCOR410 and Arabidopsis COR47. Expression of OsDhn1 was strongly induced by low temperature as well as by drought. Induction of OsDhn1 by cold stress was clearcut in the roots of seedlings and the epidermis of palea and lemma. OsDhn1 was also up-regulated in UBI::CBF1/DREB1b transgenic plants indicating that it is regulated by the CBF/DREB stress signaling pathway.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.37-48
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• 1995

일반화된 완전최소자승법 (generalized total least squares method, GTLS)의 ARMA 시스템 식별에의 적용과 GTLS의 적응알고리듬에 대하여 논한다. 일반화된 완전최소자승법은 일별과 출력을 알고 있는 시스템식별 (system identification)문제에서, 출력이 잡음에 의하여 오염된 경우, 편이되지 않은 해를 구하기 위하여 사용되는 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 GTLS를 ARMA 시스템 식별에 적용하기 위한 formulation을 하고, 일반화된 완전최소자승법의 일반 해의 성질과 역행렬 정리 (matrix inverse lemma)를 이용하여 적응 GTLS 방법을 제안한다. 다음 제안된 방법을 통하여 시스템식별에 적용하여 그 성능을 평가한다. 또한 GTLS 알고리듬과 제안한 적응 GTLS 알고리듬의 성능을 수학적으로 해석하고 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 이를 검증한다.