• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.970-981
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• 2016

Leakage currents occur in pulse-width-modulated voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI)-fed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives for air-conditioners, which seriously affect system safety and operation performance. High accuracy modeling and prediction of leakage currents are key issues for the design and implementation of air-conditioning products. In this study, the generation mechanism of leakage currents is discussed. A systematic modeling approach of leakage currents is proposed, including the modeling of leakage current sources and leakage current paths. By using the proposed approach, the complete model of leakage currents in PWM-VSI-fed PMSM drives for air-conditioners has been developed based on the extraction of all parameters. A comparison between the simulated leakage currents based on the developed model and measured leakage currents in the outdoor unit of an air-conditioning product is conducted. The comparison verifies the effectiveness of the proposed modeling approach, and the developed model exhibits high accuracy within a wide frequency range.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2606-2611
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• 2008

The high energy fluid leakage from the high temperature and high differential pressure drop system of NPPs (Nuclear Power Plants) decreases efficiency and consequently leads to considerable economic loss due to less power production. Also, the leakage possibly damages critical parts of components such as valve and trim with the effect of cavitation, flashing, and erosion, etc. and deteriorates its performance. Thus, in this study, we diagnosed the as-is leakage for four (4) main steam drain valves and two (2) steam traps of Yonggwang 1,2 units during normal operation by using multi-measuring technique and observed the occurrence of fine leakage. In the course of measuring fluid leakage, the sign of fine leakage is estimated to be the leakage from orifice. By converting the leakage to energy loss, it is equivalent to the amount of several hundred thousand won per each unit, which supports the basis for the justification of fine leakage.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2009

반도체 공정의 발달로 집적도가 증가하고 문턱전압이 감소하면서, 반도체 집적회로 소모 전력에서 누설전류(leakage current)의 비중이 점차 증가하고 있다. 대기 상태에서 CMOS 조합 회로(combinational circuit)는 입력 값에 따라 누설전류가 크게 달라진다. 본 연구에서는 누설전류로 인한 소모전력을 줄이기 위해 대기 상태 (standby state) 회로의 입력 신호를 제어하며, 작은 누설전류를 갖는 입력 신호를 찾기 위한 새로운 효율적인 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 이 방법을 벤치마크 예제에 실험적으로 적용하여 누설전류 평균값에 비해 15.7%, simulated evolution 방법에 비해 6.7% 누설전류를 줄일 수 있음을 보였다. 또한 순차 회로에서도 idle 입력을 이용하여 누설전류 평균값에 비해 6.8%, simulated evolution 방법에 비해 3.2% 누설전류를 줄일 수 있었다.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2002년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.131-136
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• 2002

A computational analysis using Reynolds stress model in FLUENT is conducted to give a clear understanding of the effect of blade loading on the structure of tip leakage flow in a forward-swept axial-flow fan at design condition ($\phi$=0.25) and off-design condition ($\phi$=0.21 and 0.30). The roll-up of tip leakage flow starts near the minimum static wall pressure position, and the tip leakage vortex developes along the centerline of the pressure trough within the blade passages. Near tip region, a reverse flow induced by tip leakage vortex has a blockage effect on the through-flow. As a result, high momentum region is observed below the tip leakage vortex. As the blade loading increases, the reverse flow region is more inclined toward circumferential direction and the onset position of the rolling-up of tip leakage flow moves upstream. Because the casing boundary layer becomes thicker, and the mixing between the through-flow and the leakage jet with the different flow direction is enforced, the streamwise vorticity decays more fast with blade loading increasing. The computational results show that a distinct tip leakage vortex is observed downstream of the blade trailing edge at $\phi$=0.30, but it is not observed at $\phi$=0.21 and 0.25.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2014

This paper is aimed to prevent danger of electrical fire at cattle barn to detect resistive and capacitive leakage current component for wiring type and length. In order to analysis for electric leakage component for cattle barn sizes and normal buildings, this paper was studied field state investigation which are at cattle barn companies(10 companies) in Cheong-won location and normal buildings at Nam-bu market in Jeon-ju location. Market to deduce the problems of electric leakage component is analyzed. The resistive and capacitive leakage current component for wiring type and length is analyzed at Beon-young cattle barn. Results show that electric leakage component suggested in this paper are valuable and usable to electrical fire in leakage current based on environment factor, which will prevent severe damage to human beings and properties and reduce the electrical fires in cattle barn. It is acceptable for electrical equipment use in an cattle barn.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2018

This research aimed to develop an leakage detector of analyzing the electric potential generated from the electric leakage of electric equipment of the fountain. To accomplish this goal, the potential gradient was analyzed against path 1 ~ path 4; this was done by taking the lighting of a fountain as the electric leakage point based on code analyses in Korea and other countries. Lighting 1 was taken as the electric leakage point, and the earthing point was set against lightings(2~3). It appeared that the allowable touch voltage against the 1 type(under 2.5 V) exceeded 60.0%. Therefore, the lighting of fountain turned out to be the most dangerous point, and electric shock could be formed by the electric leakage of electric equipment in underwater as well as by the lighting. An leakage detector was developed based on this risk; this detector is capable of analyzing the electric potential of a electric equipments of the fountain in underwater. Then, a verification test was carried out. This leakage detector can be used to measure electric potential in various submerged areas such as swimming pools, flooded spaces, and fountains.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.417-424
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• 2000

We applied SP monitoring and resistivity surveys using the pole-pole electrode array to seawater leakage problems in the Youngsan estuary dam and the Eoeun embankment to estimate and detect the zone of seawater leakage. The embankment is generally affected by tidal variation and has low resistivity characteristics due to the high saturation of seawater. For this reason, SP monitoring and the pole-pole array resistivity surveys, which are relatively more effective to the conductive media, were carried out to delineate the leakage zones of sea water through the embankment. We checked out electrical conductivity (EC) and temperature variations along the inner part of Youngsan estuary dam to detect the zone of seawater leakage and found that the measured EC value agreed to that of seawater in the leakage zone and the temperature was lower than that of the vicinity of leakage zone. SP monitoring results were coincided with tidal variations at each embankment. At the leakage zones in the Youngsan estuary dam and the Eoeun embankment, SP anomalies are in the range of -60~-85 mV and -20~-50 mV, respectively, and true resistivity values obtained by 2-D inversion are 3~15 ohm-m and below 0.3 ohm-m, respectively. Both SP monitoring and the pole-pole array resistivity method are found to be quite effective for investigation of seawater leakage zones in the embankment.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.515-516
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• 2006

The resistive leakage current is an important parameter for arrester diagnosis. However, the 3rd harmonic leakage current is more widely used than the resistive one because of its easy measurement. In this paper, we studied the correlation between the resistive and the $3^{rd}$ harmonic leakage current of ZnO arresters. The resistive leakage current was measured according to the IEC 60099-5 in AC applied voltage. The $3^{rd}$ harmonic leakage current was analyzed by using a designed band-pass filter having 180 [Hz]-center frequency and 10 [Hz]-bandwidth. The experimental results show that the $3^{rd}$ harmonic leakage current changes proportionally with the resistive leakage current variation under the maximum continuous operating voltage (MCOV).

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2006

The leakage in the water distribution system means both the loss of money and water resource. To minimize the leakage, we introduced the pressure control method using the pressure reducing valve and pump schedule. For the pressure control, the total leakage is needed to divide into each node. In this study, EPANET 2.0 was used to simulate the water networks in two selected blocks after the total leakage was distributed with each node by four ways. The leakage was allocated into each node as water measured by meter, water pressure, water faucets and Lpcd and simulated by EPANET 2.0. Regardless of the leakage distribution ways, there was no significant difference between the measured water and the estimated water pressure. Thus, the leakage distribution way using water pressures estimated by simulation could be recommended. The scenarios controlling the pressure reducing valve and pump were made in two blocks(A and B). $86,713m^3/year$ leakage in the A block and $11,442m^3/year$ in the B block could be reduced as controlling the pressure reducing valve and pump schedule. It was shown that the fifty million won a year can be saved in the A block and 6.8 million won in the B block.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.196-201
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• 2008

In DC traction systems, a part of feedback current returning through rails becomes leakage current, illumination on a metal laid underground results from the leakage current to ground. To prevent the leakage current on rails, feedback rails almost have insulated with the ground. Insulation between rails and the ground causes that the earth method changes a isolated method in DC traction systems. the rail potential rise results in the isolated method. the rail potential rise causes an electric shock when a person touches the ground and rolling stock. To decrease the rail potential rise and leakage current, there are methods for reducing the feedback resistance and current of rails, increasing the leakage resistance, decreasing the distance between substations. But it are necessary to forecast and analyze the rail potential and amplitude of leakage current. In this paper, we modeled DC traction systems and feedback circuit to simulate the rail potential and amplitude of leakage current using PSCAD/EMTDC that is power analysis program, forecasted the rail potential and amplitude of leakage current about changing various parameters in the electric circuit. By using the simulation model, we easily will forecast the rail potential and amplitude of leakage current in case of a level of basic design and maintenance in electric railway systems, valuably use basic data in case of system selection.