• 제목/요약/키워드: leaf anthracnose

검색결과 83건 처리시간 0.03초

잇꽃의 식물병 발생양상과 주요 식물병의 약제방제 (Plant Diseases of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) and Their Chemical Control)

  • 박경석;김재철;최성용;박소득;이순구
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.159-166
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    • 2004
  • 잇꽃에 발생하는 식물병들은 탄저병(Colletotricum acutatum), 잿빛곰팡이병(Botrytis cinerea), 흰가루병(Sphaerotheca fuliginea), 흰비단병 (Sclerotium rolfsii), 역병 (Phytophthora cactorum), 뿌리썩음병 (Fusarium oxysporum), 잎점무의병 (Alternaria carthami, A. alternata), 모잘록병(Pythium ultimum), 녹병(Puccinia carthami), 바이러스(CMV) 등 10종이었다. 잇꽃 병의 발생소장 및 피해실태 조사에서 탄저병은 전 생육기에 걸쳐서 뿌리, 잎, 줄기, 화두 등 모든 부위에 발생하였다. 노지재배시 평균 발병주율이 60% 이상으로 가장 큰 피해를 주는 병해였으며, 비가림 하우스에서는 5% 내외의 발병율을 나타내었다. 잿빛곰팡이병은 비가림 하우스 내에서 개화기인 6월 중순부터 수확기까지 80% 이상의 발병주율과 30% 내외의 발병화두율을 나타내었다. 모잘록병이 파종 후 30일경까지 5∼10%정도 발생하였으며, 기타병해로 시들음병, 흰비단병, 역병, 흰가루병, 녹병, 잎점무의병 등은 1% 내외의 발병율을 보여 피해가 경미하였다. 잇꽃 모잘록병에 대한 약제 방제효과는 다찌가렌 액제 침지처리와 토로스 수화제 분의처리 효과가 우수하였다. 잇꽃 탄저병에 대한 약제방제 효과는 메티람수화제와 이미녹타딘트리스알베실레이트$.$치람 수화제 방제가가 85%이상으로 우수하였다. 잿빛곰팡이병의 약제방제시험에서는 비가림 하우스내에서 이프로 수화제, 후루아지남 수화제, 포리옥신 수화제를 처리하였으나 방제가는 80%미만이었으며, 노지재배시 이미녹타딘트리스$.$치람 수화제의 방제가는 91.1%였고, 후루아지남 수화제의 방제효과는 89.6%였고 이프로 수화제의 방제가는 89.2%였다.

Glomerella cingulata에 의한 쇠무릎 탄저병 (Anthracnose of Achyranthes japonica Caused by Glomerella cingulata in Korea)

  • 권진혁;강수웅;김정수;박창석
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.59-62
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    • 2002
  • 2001년 8월 경상남도 산청군 쇠무릎 야생 군락지에서 잎, 줄기에 탄저병이 발생하였다. 분리된 병원균의 균총은 PDA에서 회색 또는 짙은 회색이고 배지상에서 자낭을 형성하였다. 분생포자는 모양은 단세포로 원통형이며 크기는 10.2~20.4$\times$3.6$\times$6.0$\mu$m였다. 부착기 모양은 원통형 또는 난형으로 암갈색을 띠고 크기는 6.2~10.5$\times$4.3$\times$8.6$\mu$m였다. 자낭각의 색깔은 검은색으로 구형이며 크기는 72.6~284.7$\mu$m였다. 자낭은 곤봉 또는 원통형이며 크기는 63.6~98.8$\times$8.3~12.5$\mu$m였다. 자낭포자는 방추형 또는 원통형으로 약간 굽었으며 크기는 9.6~21.8$\times$4.0~6.0$\mu$m였다. 균사생육 적온은 3$0^{\circ}C$였다. 분리된 병원균은 건전한 쇠무릎에 접종한 결과 감염을 일으켰으며 병징은 똑같았다. 이병을 Glomerella cingulata에 의한 쇠무릎 탄저병으로 명명할 것을 제안한다.

Colletotrichum coccodes(Wallr.) Hughes에 의(依)한 고추 유묘탄저병(幼苗炭疽病) (Anthracnose of Pepper seedling caused by Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes)

  • 오인석;인무성;우인식;이성구;유승헌
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.151-156
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    • 1988
  • 1988년에(年) 충남지방(忠南地方) 농가(農家)의 고추 육묘상(育苗床)에서 고추유묘(幼苗)에 탄저병(炭疽病)이 심(甚)하게 발생(發生)하고 있음이 발견(發見)되었다. 병(病)의 초기(初期) 병징(病徵)은 유묘(幼苗)의 잎과 줄기에 노색(努色) 반점(班點)이 형성(形成)되며 진전(進展)된 통반(痛班)은 수침상(水浸狀)으로 되고 암장색(暗場色)의 불정형(不定形)으로 확대(擴大)되었으며, 심하(甚)게 감염(感染)된 도장(圖場)에서는 많은 고추 유묘(幼苗)가 고사(枯死)하였다. 일반농가(一般農家) 도장(圖場)에서의 이병주율(罹病株率)은 $15.3%{\sim}92.3%$(평균(平均) 30.4%) 비교적(比較的) 높은 감염률(感染率)을 보였다. 이병(罹病) 잎과 줄기에서 분리(分離)한 병원균(病原菌)의 형태적(形態的) 특징(特徵)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果), 분생포자(分生胞子)는 원통형(圓筒形)이고 크기는 $15{\sim}25(av.\;19.5){\times}2.5{\sim}4.8\;{\mu}m(av.\;3.3{\mu}m)$였으며, 강모(剛毛)(setae)는 분생자층(分生子層)보다 길었고, 그 크기는 $41.3{\sim}136.3\;{\mu}m(av.\;85{\mu}m)$ 이였고 PDA 배지(培地)에서 암상태(暗狀態)로 배양(培養)하였던 바 흑갈색(黑褐色)의 많은 균핵(菌核)이 형성(形成)되었다. 이같은 병원균(病原菌)의 형태적(形態的) 특징(特徵)에 따라 본(本) 병원균(病原菌)은 Colletotrichum coccodesr로 동정(同定)되었다. 병원성(病原性) 실험결과(實驗結果), 이 균(菌)은 고추 유묘(幼苗)에 강(强)한 병원성(病原性)을 나타내었으며, 고추열매(풋고추) 뿐만 아니라 토마토, 가지의 열매에도 탄저병(炭疽病)을 일으켰다.

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Newly Recorded Problematic Plant Diseases in Korea and Their Causal Pathogens

  • Kwon, Jin-Hyeuk
    • 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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    • pp.25-27
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    • 2003
  • Since 1993, a total of 50 problematic plant diseases unrecorded in Korea were surveyed in Gyeongnam province. Totally 34 new host plants to corresponding pathogens investigated in this study were 5 fruit trees, 9 vegetables, 12 ornamental plants, 3 industrial crops, and 5 medicinal plants. Among the newly recorded fruit tree diseases, fruit rot of pomegranate caused by Coniella granati and Rhizopus soft rot of peach caused by Rhizopus nigricans damaged severely showing 65.5% and 82.4% infection rate. Among the vegetable diseases, corynespora leaf spot of pepper caused by Corynespora cassiicola and the crown gall of pepper caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, powdery mildew of tomato caused by Oidiopsis taurica were the most severe revealing 47.6%, 84.7%, and 54.5% infection rate in heavily infected fields, respectively. In ornamental plants, collar rot of lily caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, gray mold of primula caused by Botrytis cinerea, soot leaf blight of dendrobium caused by Pseudocercospora dendrobium, sclerotinia rot of obedient plant caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum showed 32.7 to 64.8% disease incidence. On three industrial plants such as sword bean, broad bean, and cowpea, eight diseases were firstly found in this study. Among the diseases occurring on broad bean, rust caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae and red spot caused by Botrytis fabae were the major limiting factor for the cultivation of the plant showing over 64% infection rate in fields. In medicinal plants, anthracnose of safflower caused by Collectotrichum acutatum was considered the most severe disease on the plant and followed by collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii.(중략)

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INDUCTION OF SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE IN CUCUMBER AGAINST ANTHRACNOSE BY PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING FUNGI

  • Hyakumachi, Mitsuro
    • 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식물병리학회 1997년도 Proceedings of special lectures on Recent Research Trend of Plant Pathology
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    • pp.47-55
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    • 1997
  • Plant growth promoting fungi(PGPF) obtained from zoysiagrass rhizosphere offer dual advantages - induse systemic disease resistance response in cucumber to C. orbiculare infection and cause enhancement of plant growth and increase yield. PGPF protected plants either by colonizing roots or by their metabolites. PGPF offer an advantage by protecting plants for more than 9 weeks and 6 week in the greenhouse and field. PGPF-induced plants limited pathogen spore germination and decreased the number of infection hyphae on the leaf, and increased lignification at places of attempted pathogen infection, thus reducing the pathogen spread. PGPF elicited increased activities of chitinascs, glucanases, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase to C. orbiculare infection in cucumber plants. The role of PGPF in elevating cucumber defense response to pathogen infection suggests potential application of PGPF as biological control agents.

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In Vivo Disease Control Efficacy of Isoquinoline Alkaloids Isolated from Corydalis ternata against Wheat Leaf Rust and Pepper Anthracnose

  • Han, Jae Woo;Shim, Sang Hee;Jang, Kyoung Soo;Choi, Yong Ho;Kim, Hun;Choi, Gyung Ja
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.262-266
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    • 2018
  • Phytochemicals have been considered as alternatives for synthetic fungicides because of their biodegradability and low toxicity. In this study, we found that the methanolic extract of Corydalis ternata suppressed the development of plant diseases caused by Puccinia triticina and Colletotrichum coccodes. As the antifungal substance, three isoquinoline alkaloids (dehydrocorydaline, stylopine, and corydaline) were isolated from C. ternata. These active compounds also exhibited in vivo antifungal activity against P. triticina and C. coccodes. Taken together, our results suggest that C. ternata and its active compounds can be used to control plant diseases.

The Effect of Expanded Rice Hulls as a Root Substrate on the Suppression of Anthracnose Crown Rot in Strawberry

  • Park, Gab Soon;Nam, Myeong Hyeon;Choi, Jong Myung
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.242-248
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    • 2016
  • This research was conducted to determine the effects of four different substrates, expanded rice hulls (ERH), commercial substrates for strawberries (CSS), clay sand (CS), and loamy sand (LS), on the inhibition of anthracnose crown rot (ACR) in strawberry. Mother plants of 'Seolhyang' strawberry were transplanted into an elevated bed in March, 2013 and March, 2014 and the runners connecting mother plants and daughter plants were cut in early August of both years. After separation, growth characteristics of the daughter plants were measured and then each daughter plant was inoculated with conidial suspensions of Colletotrichum fructicola, one of several species of Colletotrichum that causes ACR in strawberries. The incidence of ACR as influenced by the different substrates was investigated in both years. The daughter plants grown on CSS had the highest values for shoot height, leaf area, and fresh weight. Those grown on ERH and LS substrates also displayed good above-ground growth characteristics except for fresh weight, but the daughter plants grown on CS had the poorest above-ground growth characteristics. The ERH and CS treatments resulted in the highest number of primary roots and the greatest root weight. The CSS-grown daughter plants had the highest ACR disease index, followed by the CS and LS treatments, but there were no significant differences among the three substrates. However, the ERH-grown daughter plants had a markedly lower ACR disease index on October 11, 2013 and October 7, 2014. The CSS-grown daughter plants had high nitrogen and potassium contents and low calcium content, whereas the ERH-grown daughter plants had low nitrogen levels and high silicon levels. The results of this study provide basic information on the ability of the different substrates tested to provide disease suppression of ACR in the propagation of strawberry transplants.

올리고키토산에 의한 토마토 역병과 감자 역병의 방제 (Control of Late Blight of Tomato and Potato by Oilgochitosan)

  • 최용호;최경자;김병섭;장경수;윤미영;박명수;김진철
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.129-135
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    • 2011
  • 키토산은 D-glucosamine과 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine이 ${\beta}$-(1-4)로 연결된 직선상의 다당류이다. 분자량이 3,000 amu 이상인 키토산에 대한 in vivo 항균활성 및 저항성 유도 활성에 대한 보고는 많지만, 분자량이 3,000 이하인 올리고키토산에 대한 in vivo 항균활성에 대한 논문은 거의 전무한 상태이다. 본 연구에서 올리고키토산은 P. infestans에 의해 발생하는 토마토 역병에 대하여 500 ${\mu}g$/ml과 1,000 ${\mu}g$/ml 수준에서 94% 이상의 매우 높은 접종 1일전 예방효과를 보였으며, 고추 탄저병과 밀 붉은녹병에 대해서는 500 ${\mu}g$/ml과 1,000 ${\mu}g$/ml 수준에서 67% 내지 89%의 중간 정도의 에방효과를 항온항습실 조건에서 보였다. 다른 한편으로 올리고키토산은 고추 탄저병에 대하여 접종 16시간 후 치료효과를 보였지만, 토마토 역병에 대해서는 치료효과를 전혀 보이지 않았다. 포장에서 올리고키토산 액제는 감자 역병과 토마토 역병에 대하여 각각 72%와 48%의 방제효과를 보였다. 이상의 결과는 올리고키토산이 감자 및 토마토 역병 방제를 위한 친환경 유기농자재로서 사용이 가능하다는 것을 강력하게 나타낸다.

석회보르도액 처리에 따른 4년근 인삼의 생육과 진세노사이드 함량 특성 (Growth Characteristics and Ginsenosides Content of 4-Year-Old Ginseng by Spraying Lime-Bordeaux Mixture in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer)

  • 이성우;김금숙;박기춘;이승호;장인복;어진우;차선우
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.89-93
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    • 2012
  • An important factor in the production of organic ginseng is the control of $Alternaria$ blight and anthracnose, which mostly affect the leaves in the summer. We compared the effects of a lime-bordeaux mixture (LBM) and agricultural chemicals on the growth characteristics and ginsenoside content in 4-year-old ginseng plants when they were sprayed at 15-day intervals from mid-June to the end of September. The increases in leaf length, and survive-leaf ratio in plants sprayed with LBM were greater than the increases of the control plants, but less than those of agricultural chemicals treatment. The root weight per plant in the plants sprayed with LBM increased more distinctly than that in the control plants, while it was significantly lower than that in plants sprayed with agricultural chemicals. The root yield in plants sprayed with LBM increased by 21% compared to the root yield in the control plants, but decreased by 7% compared to that in plants sprayed with agricultural chemicals because of the decreases in leaf area and survive-leaf ratio. Spraying of LBM had a significant effect on the ginsenoside contents. The total ginsenoside content was highest in the control plants and lowest in the plants sprayed with agricultural chemicals and total ginsenoside contents was great relative to survive-leaf ratio and root weight.