• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2011

The effect of sample handling condition on the rheological measurement of regenerated silk fibroin formic acid solution using parallel plate geometry was investigated. In case of loading method, the loading by pouring sample solution resulted in the best reproducibility of rheological measurement. Loading with spoon showed a high variance of viscosity value at low shear rate region ($0.01{\sim}1sec^{-1}$) while loading with syringe exhibited a low reproducibility of viscosity at high shear region ($1{\sim}100sec^{-1}$) with a disappearance of shear thinning phenomenon. It was revealed that the sample loading with small extra amount lead to the most reproducible result. The sample loading with the exact amount for the measuring plate resulted in a lack of reproducibility of high shear viscosity, while the loading with large extra volume produced a limited consistency of low shear viscosity. It was turned out that 3 min. of waiting time before measurement was the optimum condition for reliable result. When the waiting time was less than 1 min., the low shear viscosity was obtained with a lack of consistency. On the other hand, the sample solution started drying when the waiting time increased up to 5 min.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2005

The press cutter is productive equipment that practically manufactures mechanical components and polymer-based materials such as fabrics, papers, films, leathers, and rubbers into the desired shapes using a press cutting tool. The plate cutting process is one of the primary energy absorbing mechanisms in a grounding or collision event between a press cutter and a material on a die. The cutting mechanism is complicated and involves plastic flows of a plate in the vicinity of the tip, friction between the wedge and the plate, deformation of the plate. In this paper, we studied the effect of friction between cutter and plastic sheet far producing precise and superior products. In this paper, the press cutter is analyzed numerically using MARC finite element program for a optimization design of a press cutter. The FEM computed results show that the maximum von Mises stress is concentrated on the tip of a press cutter, which may lead to the edge wear or impact wear of the sharp cutter. Based on the FEM result and Taguchi's experimental design method, the optimized design model 9 for a press cutter is recommended as a best one.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.435-454
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• 2011

Bonding composite materials to structural members for strengthening purpose has received a considerable attention in recent years. The major problem when using bonded FRP or steel plates to strengthen existing structures is the high interfacial stresses that may be built up near the plate ends which lead to premature failure of the structure. As a result, many researchers have developed several analytical methods to predict the interface performance of bonded repairs. In this paper, a numerical solution using finite - difference method is used to calculate the interfacial stress distribution in beams strengthened with FRP plate having a tapered ends with different thinning profiles. These latter, can significantly reduce the stress concentration. In the present theoretical analysis, the adherend shear deformations are taken into account by assuming a parabolic shear stress through the thickness of both beam and bonded plate. Numerical results from the present analysis are presented to demonstrate the advantages of use the tapers in design of strengthened beams.

• EDISON SW 활용 경진대회 논문집
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• 제5회(2016년)
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• pp.209-216
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• 2016

Holes of rivets, bolts and nuts may cause stress concentration on the plates used in aircraft, ship and other structures. Excessive stress concentration may lead to severe breakage of the plates. Thus, accurate analysis of the stress concentration at the design stage will be important. In this paper, accuracy of EDISON program in stress concentration analysis was examined. By changing hole size on a narrow plate, the change of the stress concentration factor(K) was investigated. Additionally, the same experiment was conducted about series of holes on plate to investigate the interaction between adjacent holes. Then, these numerical results were compared with the analytic prediction. EDISON program showed very high accuracy about stress concentration, since the numerical results was correlated well with the analytic prediction.

• 국제강구조저널
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1297-1305
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• 2018

The corrugated steel plate shear walls have recently been proposed to address the seismic issues associated with simple steel plate shear walls; however, stiffness, strength, and ductility of the corrugated shear walls are significantly affected by varying the corrugation geometry under seismic loading. The present study investigates steel shear walls' models with corrugated or simple infill plates subjected to monotonic and cyclic loads. The performance of the corrugated steel plate is evaluated and then compared to that of the simple steel plates by evaluating the damping ratios and energy dissipation capability. The effect of corrugation profile angle, the existence of an opening, and the corrugation subpanel length are numerically investigated after validation of the finite element modeling methodology. The results demonstrate that incorporating corrugated plates would lead to better seismic damping ratios, specifically in the case of opening existence inside of the infill plate. Specifically, the corrugation angle of $30^{\circ}$ decreases the ultimate strength, while increasing the initial stiffness and ductility. In addition, the subpanel length of 100 mm is found to be able to improve the overall performance of shear wall by providing each subpanel appropriate support for the adjacent subpanel, leading to a sufficient buckling resistance performance.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.271-280
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• 1984

The peripheral dose, defined as the dose outside therapeutic photon fields, which is responsible for the functional damage of the critical organs, fetus, and radiation. induced carcinogenesis, has been investigated for $^{60}Co\;\gamma$ ray and 10 MV Xray. It was measured by silicon diode controlled by semiautomated water phantom without any shielding or with lead plate of HVL thickness put horizontally or vertically to shield stray radiations. Authors could obtain following results. 1. The peripheral dose was larger than $0.7\%$ of central axis maximum dose even at 20cm distance from field margin. That is clinically significant, so it should be reduced. 2. Even for square fields of 10 MV Xray, radial peripheral dose distribution did not coincide with transverse distribution, because of the position of collimator jaws. 3. Between surface and $d_m$, the peripheral dose distributions show a pattern of the dose distribution of electron beams and the maximum doss was approximately proportional to the length of a side of square field. 4. The peripheral doses depended on radiation quality, field size, distance from field margin and depth in water. Distance from field margin was the most important factor. 5. Except for near surface, the peripheral dose from phantom was approximately equal to that from therapy unit. 6. To reduce the surface dose outside fields, therapist should shield stray radiations from therapy unit by lead plate of at least one HVL for 10 MV X-ray and by bolus equivalent to tissue of 0.5cm thickness for $^{60}Co$. 7. To reduce the dose at depth deeper than $d_m$, it is desirable to shield stray radiations from therapy unit by lead.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.655-671
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: While plate waste has been widely investigated in hospitals, there have been minimal studies specific to the texture-modified diet (TMD). This study aims to determine the percentage of plate waste among patients prescribed with TMD and its contributory factors. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This was a single-centre study conducted in the university hospital on three types of TMD (blended diet, mixed porridge, minced diet) during lunch and dinner meals. Weighing method and visual estimation method assisted by digital photograph were adopted in this study. Face to face interview was carried out to investigate on 1) the food/food service quality factors in terms of patients' satisfaction level towards sensorial quality of food and food services provided and 2) the clinical/external factors including appetite, the provision of oral nutrition support, time taking the diet, the need for feeding assistance and the length of hospital stay. RESULTS: The mean percentage of overall plate waste of 95 patients receiving TMD was high (47.5%). Blended diet was identified as the most wasted diet (65%) followed by minced diet (56%) and mixed porridge (35%). Satisfaction level among patients was moderate. Patients on TMD in general had higher satisfaction level on the aspect of food service as compared to food quality. Substantial association between sensorial qualities of food and plate waste were varied according to individual TMD type. A multiple linear regression showed that only the satisfaction level toward the aspects of appearance and variety of foods were the predictors of TMD plate waste (R² = 0.254, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A significant relationship between the percentage of plate waste and the overall satisfaction level of patients receiving TMD suggests that vigorous strategies are needed to reduce the food waste of TMD which will lead to a better nutritional status and clinical outcomes among the patients.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.615-630
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• 2015

The use of helical anchors has been extensively beyond their traditional use in the electrical power industry in recent years. They are commonly used in more traditional civil engineering infrastructure applications so that the advantages of rapid installation and immediate loading capability. The majority of the research has been directed toward the tensile uplift behaviour of single anchors (only one plate) by far. However, anchors commonly have more than one plate. Moreover, no thorough numerical and experimental analyses have been performed to determine the ultimate pullout loads of multi-plate anchors. The understanding of behavior of these anchors is unsatisfactory and the existing design methods have shown to be largely inappropriate and inadequate for a framework adopted by engineers. So, a better understanding of helical anchor behavior will lead to increased confidence in design, a wider acceptance as a foundation alternative, and more economic and safer designs. The main aim of this research is to use numerical modeling techniques to better understand multi-plate helical anchor foundation behavior in soft clay soils. Experimental and numerical investigations into the uplift capacity of helical anchor in soft clay have been conducted in this study. A total of 6 laboratory tests were carried out using helical anchor plate with a diameter of 0.05 m. The results of physical and computational studies investigating the uplift response of helical anchors in soft clay show that maximum resistances depend on anchor embedment ratio and anchor spacing ratio S/D. Agreement between uplift capacities from laboratory tests and finite element modelling using PLAXIS is excellent for anchors up to embedment ratios of 6.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.370-376
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• 2016

구조물 표면은 부식으로 인하여, 크랙이나 감육이 발생할 수 있으며, 이로 인하여 구조물의 파단으로 귀결되어 많은 인명 피해와 재산 손실을 초래할 수 있다. 이에 따라, 박판 구조물이나 배관 구조물과 같이 검사 면적에 비해 두께가 얇은 구조물에 대한 레이저 영상화 기법은 최근 10여년간 꾸준히 연구가 진행되었다. 가장 많이 사용되는 방법으로는 펄스 레이저를 이용한 영상화 시스템이다. 이 방법을 이용하여 평판 구조물, 배관 등 다양한 구조물을 스캐닝하여 비교적 짧은 시간에 원하는 영역을 검사하고 영상화하는 기법이 개발되었다. 하지만, 이 기법은 음파가 결함에 의해 반사되는 반사파를 이용하여 영상화하는 기법으로 검사 위치마다 수 ms의 시간지연이 필요하며, 검사 위치마다 레이저 빔을 집속해주는 렌즈가 필요하여 고가의 복잡한 시스템이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 연속 가진기법을 이용하여 구조물에 정상파(standing wave)를 가진하고, 이 정상파를 위치별로 스캐닝하여 결함을 영상화하는 기술을 제안하였다. 평판 구조물에 두께가 변화하는 결함을 인공적으로 삽입하여, 제안된 기술의 두께 변화 탐지 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.137-141
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• 1998

납공 (lead ball)과 쇠공(steel ball)을 고에너지 광자선에 대한 차폐재로 이용하는 것이 가능한가를 평가하고 ,4～10MV 엑스선 차폐를 위한 납공과 쇠공의 물리자료를 구하는 것이 목적이다. 직경이 각각 2.0-2.5mm, 1.5-2.0mm 인 납공 및 쇠공을 폭이 균일한 아크릴 용기에 채워, 두께의 균일성 확인을 위해 MV 엑스선사진을 촬영하였으며, 금속공의 평균 밀도와 4～10MV 엑스선에 대한 선감쇠계수를 측정하였다. 선감쇠계수를 측정할 때 Farmer 이온함을 이용하였으며 산란선의 효과를 최소화하기 위해 70cm 거리에서 조사면크기는 5.5cm$\times$5.5cm로 하였다. 비교하기 위해 납판과 철판에 대해서도 같은 종류의 변수를 구하였다. 금속구를 용기에 채웠을 때 분포는 균일하였으며, 납 -공기 혼합물의 밀도는 6.93g/$cm^3$이었으며, 철-공기 혼합물의 밀도는 4.75g/$cm^3$ 이었다. 납의 밀도에 대한 납-공기 혼합물의 밀도의 비는 0.611, 철에 대한 철-공기 혼합물의 밀도의 비는 0.604이었다. 납-공기 혼합물의 반가층은 4MV, 6MV, 10MV 엑스선 각각에 대하여 1.89cm, 2.07cm, 2.16cm 이었으며 납판 반가층의 약 1.64배였다. 철-공기 혼합물의 반가층은 4MV, 6MV, 10MV 엑스선 각각에 대하여 3.24cm, 3.70cm, 4.15cm 이었으며 철판 반가 층의 약 1.65 배였다. 금속구는 용기속에 고르게 채워질 수 있기 때문에 차폐재료로 쓸 수 있다. 납공과 쇠공이 고르게 채워질 때 밀도는 각각 6.93g/$cm^3$, 4.75g/$cm^3$ 이었으며 각각의 반가층은 납 또는 철의 반가층의 1.65배였다. 밀도와 반가층을 곱한 값은 공이나 판에 대해 같은 값이었다.