• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2009

For the last decades, service quality has been studied as one of the most important tools for a service company to compete with the other companies. Based on these past researches, it has been agreed that the service quality is a basic and powerful tool to create the competitive advantage. Due to similar reason, many service marketing practitioners have been also focused on the service quality to retain the existing consumers and collect the new consumers. However, service quality is subjectively perceived by individual consumers. Consumer evaluation of service quality can be different from each other. Especially consumers with one life-style may evaluate the service quality differently from the consumers with the other life-styles. Therefore we need to know whether there are differences in service quality perception on the categories of life-style. Life-style refers to a distinctive mode of living in its aggregate and broadest sense. It embodies the patterns that were developed and emerged from the dynamics of living in a society. Since the concept of life-style and its relationship to marketing was introduced in 1963 by William Lazer, methods of measuring the life-style and their application have been developed. Life-style has been usually used to segment the marketplace because it offers marketers a unique and important view of the market. When Life-style is combined with clustering methods, life-style segmentation can generate identifiable whole persons rather than isolated fragment. Life-style segmentation begins with people instead of products and classifies them into different life-style types, each characterized by a unique style of living based on a wide range of activities, interests, and opinions(Plummer, 1974). In this study we applies the life-style segmentation based on the AIO(Activities, Interests, and Opinions) to the consumers of the large discount stores. In Korea, the large discount store market has entered into maturity stage so that the market differentiation strategy is becoming a more critical issue to the marketing practitioners. One of the most important tools to differentiate from the competitors in large discount store market is continuously to provide service of better quality than competitors. This study tries to find answers about the following questions: 1) How can we categorize the consumer life-styles in the large discount store? 2) What are the characteristics of the categorized groups? 3) Are there any differences in service quality perception among the consumers with different life-styles 4) Are there any differences in consumer behavior among them in the large discount store? For the purpose, we collected survey data from consumers and analyzed the data with the SPSS package where we had $X^2$-test, factor analysis, ANOVA, MANOVA, and cluster analysis. The survey was made during one month in the April of 2008. Among the collected 306 copies of questionnaires, 281 copies were chosen as the effective samples for empirical analysis except 25 copies with wrong responses. To identify the life-style patterns, we used the measures employed by Kim and Kwon(1999), where 44 items on a seven-point scale were used to measure factors of the life-style patterns. The Principal Component Method was used for factor extraction, and the VARIMAX orthogonal factor rotation was employed. The 7 items showing low factor loading were eliminated. The results of the factor analysis suggested that nine factors of the life-style patterns were identified as follows: 1) the equality-of-sexes and pursuit-of-independence tendency 2) self-management tendency 3) sociable tendency 4) self-display tendency 5) degree of a dilettante life 6) pursuit-of-information tendency 7) bargain hunter tendency 8) TV preference tendency 9) pursuit-of-leisure tendency. Next, after the K-means cluster analysis was performed with nine factors of the life-style patterns, the life-styles of the respondents were classified into four groups which are named as the 'progressive practicality-oriented group', 'positive success-oriented group', 'sociable ostentation-oriented group', 'stable conservation-oriented group'. The analysis results for usage behavior between the market segments showed statistically significant differences in the frequency of usage, duration time in the store, consumer satisfaction, and loyalty. Also, we tried to investigate whether the large discount store consumers differently perceive the quality of service based upon the types of life-style. To measure the service quality of large discount store, we adapted several measurement models measuring the service quality such as SERVPERF, BCP, R-SERVPERF, R-BCP. MANOVA and One-Way ANOVA were performed to confirm the difference in service quality perception based on the market segments. The results have also shown significant differences between life-style types in service quality perception. These findings show that the large discount store marketers should consider consumer life-style as one of the most important market segments for marketing and understand the difference in service quality perception between life-style types. Our findings give important implications to marketers of large discount stores as well as life-style researchers. First, this study showed there were significant differences in consumer's service quality perception and usage behavior between the types of life-style. It provides evidence that the life-style approach can be a important basis in segmenting the large discount store market and will make consumers perceive the service quality high. Second, most previous researches on service quality have been in aggregate level. However, our results imply that the future research on service quality have to focus on segment level.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.195-215
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• 2010

최근까지 국내 유통산업 성장의 주도적인 역할을 담당해 온 대형할인마트 시장이 점차 업체들간의 치열한 출점경쟁에 따른 내수시장의 포화상태 및 수명주기단축 등 성장의 한계에 다다르게 되었다. 이러한 국내시장의 한계에 따라 대형할인마트들은 생존과 성장을 위해 해외 신규매장 진출, 혹은 해외 유통체인 인수, 그리고 단순 글로벌 출점뿐만 아니라 글로벌 소싱전략 등을 통한 다양한 해외시장 진출전략과 마케팅 전략을 시도하고 있는 상황이다. 기존에는 유통선진국의 글로벌 기업들이 상대적으로 후진국인 아시아지역 국가들에 선도적인 지위를 차지하며 진출을 해왔지만 1980년대 후반 이후 아시아 경제가 급성장하게 되면서 일본과 같은 동아시아 유통기업들의 아시아시장 진출이 시도되기 시작하였다. 중국을 필두로 해서 경제발전 속도에 비해 유통서비스산업 등이 상대적으로 선진화되지 못한 아시아시장은 서구선진국 글로벌 유통기업뿐만 아니라 일본, 한국 등 동아시아 국가들이 내수시장의 한계를 극복하기 위한 탈출구로써 활발하게 진출이 행해지고 있는 시장이다. 이미 많은 유통기업들이 중국 등 아시아시장 진출과정에서 다양한 이유로 인해 성공과 실패를 경험하였다. 유통산업, 특히 대형할인마트의 아시아시장 진출에 있어서 상대적으로 후발국가라고 할 수 있는 우리나라의 경우, 해외진출의 원인과 과정이 우리와 유사한 일본 대형할인마트의 해외진출 사례와 전략을 살펴보고 이를 통해 우리나라 대형할인마트의 성공적인 해외 진출을 위한 전략적 시사점을 찾아보고자 하였다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.7-26
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• 2012

The success story of E-mart fascinated many academics and practitioners alike. Though E-mart began as a nameless discount store in Chang-dong, Seoul in 1993, it has transformed itself into a leading distribution company and one of the most powerful brands in Korea. Surprisingly, it achieved the great success against the two crises it met: the national economic crisis and the invasion of the global giant Walmart. The main objective of this case study is to formally examine how E-mart overcame the two crises. More specifically, this case study highlights the ways with which E-mart turned those difficulties into opportunities for growth. In our examination of the E-mart case, we could clearly see E-mart's competence and spirit that allowed it to turn crises into advantageous opportunities. E-mart attracted the customers who wanted value-oriented consumption by its positioning as the "Lowest price discount store", when consumer sentiment was frozen under the economic crisis. Furthermore, when a large-scale foreign discount store like Walmart entered the Korea market, E-mart built its core competencies as the 'Korean style discount store'. These ingenious positioning and efforts resulted in E-mart taking over their archrival, Walmart, and forced the global Goliath to exit the Korean market. The case of E-mart's effective crisis management teaches many important lessons and a few core lessons that apply to many companies. One such lesson is the importance of positioning which enabled E-mart to turn crises into opportunities. Granted, the strategy of positioning as the 'Korean style discount store', or 'Lowest price discount store' was possible due to overall support with cost reduction, development and management of their own system, an apprentice educate system, etc. based on an excellent selection of location of the store and efficient distribution systems. Still, the positioning strategy of E-mart was truly ground breaking in distancing itself from its competitors. The lessons from E-mart will help those companies currently in a stagnant situation or a crisis to turn their obstacles into great success.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 1990년대부터 급속히 증가한 대형할인점에 대하여 입지영향인자를 추출하여 의사결정에 객관성을 확보하고 대량의 데이터베이스를 이용하여 숨겨진 유용한 정보를 입지 선정에 활용하는 것이다. 이를 위해 대형할인점이 입점하는데 미치는 인구학적 변수, 경제학적 변수 그리고 주변환경적 변수에 대한 다양한 인자를 통계자료를 수집하고 연구대상 지역의 공간 자료를 구축하여 공간 연관성 분석을 실시하여 공간 연관규칙을 추출하였다. 결과의 검증을 위해 추출된 규칙과 대형할인점의 매출액을 이용한 적용성 여부를 상호 비교하였다. 검증 결과 추출된 공간 연관규칙이 해당 대형할인점에 많이 부합할수록 매출액도 많은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 공간 연관규칙을 활용하여 객관적이고 매출에 이익을 주는 대형할인점의 최적입지 선정을 기대할 수 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.1450-1460
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• 2008

The goal of this study was to investigate the impacts of service quality, customer satisfaction, and switching burier on store loyalty of the clothes shops at large-scale discount stores. The subjects were 357 female adults living in Suncheon City, Jeollanam Province. The questionnaires were conveniently sampled from June 1 to 30, 2006. The collected data were factor and reliability analyzed using the SPSS program. And Regression was used to verify the relationships between the variables. Among the six hypotheses set in the research model, total three were accepted through empirical analysis and the rest three were accepted partially. The empirical results showed the following managerial implications. First, consumer' perceived service quality has relationship with customer satisfaction and store loyalty. Second, service quality has a positive relationship with switch barrier. Third, customer satisfaction has significantly related with switch barrier. Fourth, switch barrier has positively related with store loyalty. Finally, 'sales people', 'VMD/atmosphere', and 'assortment' of the service quality factors have positive relationships with store loyalty, but 'policy' has a negative relationship with store loyalty.

• 대한지리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지리학회 2006년도 연례 학술대회
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• pp.19-20
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• 2006

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.127-154
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• 2008

본 논문은 고급화된 대형마트 즉 '한국형 할인점'이라는 독특한 업태 컨셉에 보다 적합한 서비스 품질 측정 적도를 연구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 반복적 FGI와 대형 할인점 방문 소비자 604명을 대상으로 정량적 리서치를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 '한국형 할인점'의 서비스 품질은 본원적 혜택, 프로모션, 인적상호작용, 물리적 측면, 정책, 부가적 편의성의 총 6개 차원, 24개 항목으로 이루어진 측정모형이 도출되었다. 기존의 소매 서비스 품질의 대표적 측정 모형인 RSQS 측정모형과 비교해 보면 3가지 자원(인적상호작용, 물리적 측면, 정책)은 공통적이며, 나머지 차원에서 문제해결은 인적상호작용으로 통합되었으며, 신뢰성은 단일차원성이 결여되어 제거되었다. 특히 본원적 혜택은 할인점의 업태특성을 대표하는 성과품질로서 도출되었으며, 정책 자원은 '재방문 의도'에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 중요한 서비스 품질 자원으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 수정, 보완된 측정도구는 한국형 할인점을 이용하는 고객의 최신 트랜드를 반영하여 업버전 하였다는 것이 그 특징이다. 그 결과 향후 소매 시장 포화상황에서 치열한 서비스 경쟁을 벌여야하는 한국의 대형마트와 기타 소매업체에 전략적 시사점을 주고 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권5D호
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• pp.705-712
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• 2008

본 연구는 Fuzzy AHP기법을 의사결정의 방법론으로 이용하여 대형할인점의 입지선정을 위한 구조적이고 활용가능한 의사결정과정을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 본 연구의 수행절차는 대형할인점의 입지선정을 위한 평가기준을 선정하여 평가기준간의 상대적인 가중치를 도출한 후, 사례대상지를 선정하고 입지를 실제로 평가하여 최적의 입지를 선정하는 두 단계로 구성된다. 평가기준간의 가중치에 있어서는 1차 상권인구가 가장 높은 가중치를 보였으며, 그 다음으로 경쟁업체수, 인접도로폭, 총인구수, 부지면적, 부지매입비의 순으로 가중치가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 사례대상지인 대형할인점 부지 6개소의 입지현황을 파악하고 입지를 평가하여 최적의 입지를 도출함으로써 본 연구가 제시한 의사결정과정이 실제사례에 적용가능함을 입증하였다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.113-132
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to derive the factors for the general consumers to choose the store to buy seafood. Survey on 414 general consumers by questionnaires was conducted to find out the factors for them to choose the stores in the traditional market and large supermarket, and through the analysis on the results the factors for general consumers to choose large supermarkets were derived when they buy seafood and at the same time the degree of its importance was analyzed. The results of the survey showed that the general consumers chose large supermarkets to buy seafood despite the fact that they recognized the seafood prices are lower in the traditional markets than in the large supermarkets. Particularly, the results of analyzing the sixteen criteria for choosing the store in which to buy seafood were grouped into four: the 'assortment of goods and high quality', 'service', 'price and promotion' and 'convenient accessibility.' The results of examining the order of priority based on the four factors showed that the 'assortment of diverse seafood and high quality' was found to be given the first priority, followed by 'convenient accessibility' and 'prices and promotion factors', with 'service' being statistically insignificant. Based on these results, Monroe (1975)'s consumers' store choice process is summarized as follows. Before buying seafood, the consumers who use large supermarkets have the desire for buying seafood and then judge the properties of the store which they will use. In this process, consumers were satisfying their needs in large supermarkets in the criteria of 'assortment of diverse seafood and high quality', convenient accessibility', and 'prices and promotion factors' which were found to be statistically significant in this research. Accordingly, the general consumers choose to buy seafood in large supermarkets rather than in the traditional markets. The general consumers were more satisfied with using large supermarkets than using traditional markets, so after they have initially bought seafood in the large supermarkets, they habitually buy seafood in the large supermarkets without going through Monroe (1975)'s 'eight stage process for the store choice.' When such habitual store choice behavior continues for a long time, it results in becoming structural.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2013

최근 정부의 각종 규제로 인해 대형마트는 새롭게 시장을 확대할 수 있는 방법을 찾고자 노력하고 있다. 홈플러스의 가상스토어는 24시간 접속할 수 있다는 점, 그리고 정부 규제에서 자유롭다는 점에서 주목받고 있다. 본 연구는 홈플러스 가상스토어의 성과 및 전략 그리고 이를 모방한 기업들의 실패 원인을 살펴봄으로 앞으로 가상스토어를 운영하고자 하는 기업들이 기존의 실패를 답습하지 않고 성공적으로 운영하기 위해 필요한 요소들을 살펴보고자 한다.