• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.97-100
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• 2009

The surface parameters associated with the land are usually dependent on the climate, and many physical processes that are displayed in the image sensed from the land then exhibit temporal variation with seasonal periodicity. An adaptive feedback system proposed in this study reconstructs a sequence of images remotely sensed from the land surface having the physical processes with seasonal periodicity. The harmonic model is used to track seasonal variation through time, and a Gibbs random field (GRF) is used to represent the spatial dependency of digital image processes. In this study, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was computed for one week composites of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) imagery over the Korean peninsula for 1996 and 2000 using a dynamic technique, and the adaptive reconstruction of harmonic model was then applied to the NDVI time series for tracking changes on the ground surface. The results show that the adaptive approach is potentially very effective for continuously monitoring changes on near-real time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2005

The usage of the land is enlarged with above-surface space and sub-surface space as well as surface, as the concern about the land use is increased because there are many factors like the recent development of the science technique, Rapid increase of the population, Rapid city's diffusion, industrialization. According to the cubicalness of the land usage such as these, We have the limit to register the right-objects in space like various buildings and facilities by present registration method of 2D cadastre registration because of 2D registration object. Thus, it is necessary for plan to register an ownership, other privilege relations and the physical objects like various buildings and facilities established on both surface and space. There are two steps in this study. First step is the necessity of 3D cadastre registration and object analysis of cadastre registration, second step is 3D cadastre division and its visualization. Finally, this study will present the realizable model for a 3D cadastre registration.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.653-664
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• 2010

The land surface reflectance is a key parameter influencing the climate near the surface. Therefore, it must be determined with sufficient accuracy for climate change research. In particular, the characteristics of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) when using earth observation system (EOS) are important for normalizing the reflected solar radiation from the earth's surface. Also, wide swath satellites like SPOT/VGT (VEGETATION) permit sufficient angular sampling, but high resolution satellites are impossible to obtain sufficient angular sampling over a pixel during short period because of their narrow swath scanning. This gives a difficulty to BRDF model based reflectance normalization of high resolution satellites. The principal objective of the study is to add BRDF modeling of high resolution satellites and to supply insufficient angular sampling through identifying BRDF components from SPOT/VGT. This study is performed as the preliminary data for apply to high-resolution satellite. The study provides surface parameters by eliminating BRD effect when calculated biophysical index of plant by BRDF model. We use semi-empirical BRDF model to identify the BRD components. This study uses SPOT/VGT satellite data acquired in the S1 (daily) data. Modeled reflectance values show a good agreement with measured reflectance values from SPOT satellite. This study analyzes BRD effect components by using the NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and the angle components such as solar zenith angle, satellite zenith angle and relative azimuth angle. Geometric scattering kernel mainly depends on the azimuth angle variation and volumetric scattering kernel is less dependent on the azimuth angle variation. Also, forest from land cover shows the wider distribution of value than cropland, overall tendency is similar. Forest shows relatively larger value of geometric term ($K_1{\cdot}f_1$) than cropland, When performed comparison between cropland and forest. Angle and NDVI value are closely related.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.691-699
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• 2010

In recent years, increases in impervious areas with rapid urbanization and land use changes are causing numerous hydrologic cycle and environmental problems. Impermeable pavement have a various defect such as collection rainwater, decreasing of sliding resistance, and etc. In this study, the hydrologic cycle effect of permeable pavement were analyzed by the experiment and the numerical simulation. The numerical model used was a modified SWMM especially for considering the hydrologic cycle effect of permeable pavement. The parameters of modified SWMM were revised by the experimental results. Also, the effects of runoff quantity reduction are reviewed when permeable pavement is applied to Incheon Cheongna watershed. The hydrologic cycle analysis of Incheon Cheongna watershed, continuous simulations of urban runoff were performed. The analysis results of permeable pavement setup effect on runoff are follows: the surface runoff after permeable pavement setup decreases to 74.35% of the precipitation whereas the surface runoff before permeable pavement setup amounts to 81.38% of the precipitation; the infiltration after permeable pavement setup increases to 15.13% of the precipitation whereas the infiltration before permeable pavement setup amounts to 8.32% of the precipitation.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.495-513
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• 2004

The shape of land surface work as a cradle for various environmental processes and human activities. As spatially distributed process modelings become increasing important in current research communities, a classification system that delineates land surface into characteristic geomorphological units is a pre-requisite for sustainable land use planning and management. Existing classification systems are either morphometric or generic, which have limitations to characterize continuous ecological processes over the landscape. A new classification system was developed to delineate the land surface into different geomorphological units from Digital Elevation Models(DEMs). This model assumes that there are pedo-geomorphological units in which distinct sets of hydrological, pedological, and consequent ecological processes occur. The classification system first divides the whole landsurface into eight soil-landscape units. Possible energy and material nows over the land surface were interpreted using a continuity equation of mass flow along the hillslope, and subsequently implemented in terrain analysis procedures. The developed models were tested at a 12$\textrm{km}^2$ area in Yangpyeong-gun, Kyeongi-do, Korea. The method proposed effectively delineates land surface into distinct pedo-geomorphological units, which identify the geomorphological characteristics over a large area at a low cost. The delineated landscape units mal provide a basic information for natural resource survey and environmental modeling practices.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.455-460
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• 2004

Recently, As a part of NGIS project, cultural-assets digital map is produced by cultural properties administration and local autonomous entities. Cultural-assets unified GIS(Geographical Information System) is essential to cultural properties managers and other organizations which is executing land related business for appling it at planning stage. With explosive national land developments, it has been obligated to implement surface survey by the cultural properties protection Art(clause 2, Atr 74). In this paper, the author used the district of Sachon city and made 3D terrain model using digital map which is made of It5000 scale. moreover, the author improved to RDBMS(Relational Database Management System) structure and remodeled the existing DB design in detail. The author suggest to realize shape and kind of remains which have 3D information of accuracy and actualization from surface survey to excavation.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11b
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• pp.1033-1036
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• 2010

Since Jeju island has depended a water resource on the underground water because of a poor development of the surface flow, Jeju island is in need of the surface resource development to prevent the future shortage of the underground water due to excessive development and use of it. The study shows that the SWAT model(continuous rainfall-runoff model) is applied to estimate the outflow in the drainage watershed area, where it has been urbanized through the change of the land, such as a tourism development, cultivation, housing, and impervious layer road development. Near watershed area in Jeju island, weather and topographical SWAT input data were collected, and compared the outflow change of past and present.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.31-43
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• 2005

Four time points of the fractional area data during the 15 years of the highest group of land surface temperature and the lowest group of NDVl of the Kunsan city Chollabuk_do, Korea located beneath the Yellow sea coast, are observed and analyzed their correlations for the intention to detect the changes of urban land cover. As long as the effective contributions of satellite images in the continuous monitoring of the wide area for wide range of time period, Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-7 ETM+ artificial satellite images, acquisited over the Kunsan city area, are surveyed by the compared calibration after quantization and classification of the deviations between TM and ETM+ images substituted approved error correction thresholds such as gains and biases or offsets. This experiment and research applied Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-7 ETM+ artificial satellite images in change detection of urban land cover in urbanized Kunsan city, then detected strong and proportional correlation relationship between the highest group of land surface temperature and the lowest group of NDVI which exceeded R=(+)0.9478, so the proposed Correlation Analysis Model between the highest group of land surface temperature and the lowest group of NDVI will be able to give proof an effective suitability to the land city change detection monitoring.

• Atmosphere
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.483-499
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• 2015

This study examined the impact of change of land-use and meteorological condition due to urbanization on heat environment in Seoul metropolitan area over a decade (2000 and 2009) using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Urban Canopy Model (UCM). The numerical simulations consist of three sets: meteorological conditions of (1) October 2000 with land-use data in 2000 (base simulation), (2) October 2009 with land-use data in 2000 (meteorological condition change effect) and (3) October 2009 with land-use data in 2009 (both the effects of land-use and meteorological condition change). According to the experiment results, the change of land-use and meteorological condition by urbanization over a decade showed different contribution to the change of heat environment in Seoul metropolitan area. There was about $1^{\circ}C$ increase in near-surface (2 m) temperature over all of the analyzed stations due to meteorological condition change. In stations where the land-use type changed into urban, large temperature increase at nighttime was observed by combined effects of meteorological condition and land-use changes (maximum $4.23^{\circ}C$). Urban heat island (UHI) over $3^{\circ}C$ (temperature difference between Seoul and Okcheon) increased 5.24% due to the meteorological condition change and 26.61% due to the land-use change. That is, land-use change turned out to be contributing to the strengthening of UHI more than the meteorological condition change. Moreover, the land-use change plays a major role in the increase of sensible heat flux and decrease of latent heat flux.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.19-27
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• 2012

Wind is an important variable for various scientific communities such as meteorology, climatology, and renewable energy. In this study, numerical simulations using WRF mesoscale model were performed to produce temporal and spatial wind information over the Republic of Korea during 2006. Although the spatial features and monthly variations of the near-surface wind speed were well simulated in the model, the simulated results overestimated the observed values as a whole. To correct these simulated wind speeds, a regression-based statistical algorithm with different constants and coefficients by land cover type was developed using the satellite-derived LST and NDWI. The corrected wind speeds for the algorithm validation showed strong correlation and close agreement with the observed values for each land cover type, with nearly zero mean bias and less than 0.4 m/s RMSE. Therefore, the proposed algorithm using remotely sensed surface observations may be useful for correcting simulated near-surface wind speeds and producing more accurate wind information over the Republic of Korea.