Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14191/Atmos.2015.25.3.483

Study on Heat Environment Changes in Seoul Metropolitan Area Using WRF-UCM: A Comparison between 2000 and 2009  

Lee, Bo-Ra (Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Research, KMA)
Lee, Dae-Geun (Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Research, KMA)
Nam, Kyung-Yeub (Radar Analysis Division, Weather Radar Center, KMA)
Lee, Yong-Gon (Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Research, KMA)
Kim, Baek-Jo (Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Research, KMA)
Publication Information
Atmosphere / v.25, no.3, 2015 , pp. 483-499 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study examined the impact of change of land-use and meteorological condition due to urbanization on heat environment in Seoul metropolitan area over a decade (2000 and 2009) using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Urban Canopy Model (UCM). The numerical simulations consist of three sets: meteorological conditions of (1) October 2000 with land-use data in 2000 (base simulation), (2) October 2009 with land-use data in 2000 (meteorological condition change effect) and (3) October 2009 with land-use data in 2009 (both the effects of land-use and meteorological condition change). According to the experiment results, the change of land-use and meteorological condition by urbanization over a decade showed different contribution to the change of heat environment in Seoul metropolitan area. There was about $1^{\circ}C$ increase in near-surface (2 m) temperature over all of the analyzed stations due to meteorological condition change. In stations where the land-use type changed into urban, large temperature increase at nighttime was observed by combined effects of meteorological condition and land-use changes (maximum $4.23^{\circ}C$). Urban heat island (UHI) over $3^{\circ}C$ (temperature difference between Seoul and Okcheon) increased 5.24% due to the meteorological condition change and 26.61% due to the land-use change. That is, land-use change turned out to be contributing to the strengthening of UHI more than the meteorological condition change. Moreover, the land-use change plays a major role in the increase of sensible heat flux and decrease of latent heat flux.
Keywords
Urban canopy model; urbanization; urban heat island; land-use; heat flux;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kang, Y. H., Y. K. Kim, I. B. Oh, M. K. Hwang, and S. K. Song, 2010: Modeling the impacts of increased urbanization on local meteorology in the greater Seoul area. J. Korean Environ. Sci. Soc., 19, 1361-1374.
2 Kim, Y. H., D. Y. Choi, and D. E. Chang, 2011: Characteristics of urban meteorology in Seoul metropolitan area of Korea. Atmosphere, 21, 257-271 (in Korean with English abstract).
3 Koo, H. J., Y. H. Kim, and B. C. Choi, 2007: A study on the change of the urban heat island structure in Seoul. J. Climate Res., 2, 67-78.
4 Kusaka, H., and F. Kimura, 2004: Coupling a single-layer urban canopy model with a simple atmospheric model: Impact on urban heat Island simulation for an idealized case. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 82, 67-80.   DOI
5 Kusaka, H., H. Kondo, Y. Kikegawa, and F. Kimura, 2001: A simple single-layer urban canopy model for atmospheric models: Comparison with multi-layer and slab models. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 101, 329-358.   DOI
6 Lee, H. J., K. O. Lee, S. H. Lee, and H. W. Lee, 2008: Numerical study on the air cooling effect due to increased albedo in urban area. J. KOSAE, 24, 383-392.   DOI
7 Lee, J. B., J. C. Kim, and Y. J. Jang, 2012: A study of urban heat island in Chuncheon using WRF model and field measurements. J. KOSAE, 28, 119-130.   DOI
8 Lin, C. Y., F. Chen, J. C. Huang, W. C. Chen, Y. A. Liou, W. N. Chen, and S. C. Liu, 2008: Urban heat island effect and its impact on boundary layer development and land-sea circulation over northern Taiwan. Atmos. Environ., 42, 5635-5649.   DOI
9 Meng, W. G., Y. X. Zhang, J. N. Li, W. S. Lin, G. F. Dai, and H. R. Li, 2011: Application of WRF/UCM in the simulation of a heat wave event and urban heat island around Guangzhou. J. Trop. Meteorol., 17, 257-267.
10 Bornstein, R. D., 2001: Currently used parameterisations in numerical models. Workshop on Urban Boundary layer Parameterisations. COST 715, Zurich, May 24-25 2001.
11 Chen, F., X. Yang, and W. Zhu, 2014: WRF simulations of urban heat island under hot-weather synoptic conditions: The case study of Hangzhou city, China. Atmos. Res., 138, 364-377.   DOI
12 Grossman-Clarke, S., J. A. Zehnder, T. Loridan, and C. S. B. Grimmond, 2010: Contribution of land use changes to near-surface air temperatures during recent summer extreme heat events in the Phoenix metropolitan area. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 49, 1649-1664.   DOI
13 Hunt, J. C. R., D. J. Carruthers, R. E. Britter, and N. C. Daish, 2003: Dispersion from accidental releases in urban areas. Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Ltd., Cambridge, UK.
14 Jeong, J. H., and Y. K. Kim, 2009: The application of highresolution land cover and its effects on near-surface meteorological fields in two different coastal areas. J. KOSAE, 25, 432-449.   DOI
15 Jiang, X., C. Wiedinmyer, F. Chen, and Z. L. Yang, 2008: Predicted impacts of climate and land use change on surface ozone in the Houston, Texas, area. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D20313, doi:10.1029/2008JD009940.   DOI
16 Pathirana, A., H. B. Denekew, W. Veerbeek, C. Zevenbergen, and A. T. Banda, 2014: Impact of urban growth-driven landuse change on microclimate and extreme precipitation - A sensitivity study. Atmos. Res., 138, 59-72.   DOI
17 Mitchell, K., 2000: The community Noah land-surface model (LSM): users guide. Technical Report, National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), USA.
18 Moon, Y. S., and Y. S. Koo, 2006: A study on examples applicable to numerical land cover map data for atmospheric environment fields in the metropolitan area of Seoul - Real time calculation of biogenic $CO_2$ flux and VOC emission due to a geographical distribution of vegetable and analysis on sensitivity of air temperature and wind field within MM5. J. KOSAE, 22, 661-678.
19 National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), 2005: PSU/NCAR mesoscale modeling system tutorial class notes and user's guide: MM5 modeling system version 3.
20 Wang, X., Z. Wu, and G. Liang, 2009a: WRF/CHEM modeling of impacts of weather conditions modified by urban expansion on secondary organic aerosol formation over the Pearl River Delta. Particuology, 7, 384-391.   DOI
21 Wang, X., F. Chen, Z. Wu, M. Zhang, M. Tewari, A. Guenther, and C. Wiedinmyer, 2009b: Impacts of weather conditions modified by urban expansion on surface ozone: Comparison between the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta regions. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 26, 962-972.   DOI