• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2015

Objectives: We tried to confirm physical activity of 1,000 Kcal per week was a meaningful point in controlling coronary artery disease risks in female older adults. Methods: Participants were 66 female older adults recruited from senior welfare center. Participants were provided with accelerometer (e-step, Kenz, Japan) for measuring daily energy expenditure. Graded exercise test was done for measuring aerobic fitness. Blood glucose and lipid were analyzed. Framingham risk score was calculated based on blood glucose, blood lipid, and smoking. These variables were compared between the group expended more than 1,000 Kcal/week and the group with energy expenditure below 1,000 Kcal/week. Results: The group expended over 1,000kcal/week showed to be superior to the counterpart group in following variables; AC(Abdominal Circumference), %BF, $HR_{rest}$(resting heart rate), $VO_{2peak}$, FBG, LDL-C, TG, BDI-II, QOL, AR(Absolute Risk), RR(Relative Risk). Conclusions: The group expended over 1,000 Kcal/week was likely to have less probability in CAD than group expended less than 1,000 Kcal/week. The result of this study suggests the important role of active daily life that can be replaced with that of regular exercise especially for those who are not available to do structured exercise.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.368-378
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the association between breastfeeding and the prevalence of breast, thyroid, and cervical cancer among Korean adult women. Methods: The study was a secondary analysis of data from the Korea Genome and Epidemiology Study. The final samples were 113,944 Korean women among 173,205 urban-based cohort participants collected between 2004 and 2013 for adults aged forty and over. To determine the association between female cancers and breastfeeding experience, the number of childbirth, and total breastfeeding duration, logistic regression analysis was done. The demographic characteristics, health behavior, and female history were adjusted. Results: The prevalence of breast cancer was 1.37 times higher in the non-breastfeeding group than in the breastfeeding group. Compared to having breastfed for more than 36 months, the prevalence of thyroid cancer was 1.68 times higher at breastfeeding for 13 to 36 months, 1.67 times higher at breastfeeding for 6 to 12 months, and 2.06 times higher at breastfeeding less than 6 months. Also, the prevalence of cervical cancer was 1.54 times higher at breastfeeding for 13 to 36 months, compared to breastfeeding for more than 36 months. Conclusion: The study found that breastfeeding experience and a longer breastfeeding duration are associated with reduced risk of breast, thyroid, and cervical cancer in Korean women. It can be used as a basis for encouraging breastfeeding, and suggests further research on modifiable factors that reduce cancer risks.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2007

경남 김해의 장미재배지에서 채집한 점박이응애를 실험실에서 5년 동안 acequinocyl로 200회 이상 도태하여 성충에 대해 감수성계통과 비교하여 87.8배의 저항성계통을 얻었다. 점박이응애의 성충과 알에 대해 aceqyinocyl 저항성 계통의 유전과 8종 살비제에 대한 교차저항성 유무를 조사하였다. 감수성계통 수컷과 저항성계통 암컷을 상호교배($S(female){\times}R(male)$)하여 얻은 $F_1$ 알과 성충의 우성도는 각각 -0.75 -0.57로 불완전열성이었고, $R(female){\times}S(male)$의 교배에서 얻어진 $F_1$ 알과 성충의 우성도는 각각 0.81, 0.45로 불완전우성이었다. 이 저항성 점박이응애의 성충은 amitraz, bifenazate에 대해 각각 1.1, 0.9배로 비교차저항성을 나타내었으며, emamectin benzoate에 대해서는 0.08배로 역상관 교차저항성을 나타내었다. 알은 amitraz, milbemectin, spirodiclofen에 각각 37.7, 14.0, 26.2배로 교차저항성을 나타내었고, 특히 pyridaben은 6538.3배로 아주 높은 교차저항성을 나타내었다. 역상관 교차저항성을 나타내는 약제들은 abamectin, bifenazate, emamectin benzoate로서 알에 대해 각각 0.4, 0.3, 0.2배를 나타내었다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of whole body vibration stimulation on ankle instability, ankle range of motion, and balance ability in adult with chronic ankle instability. METHODS: Forty-five adult with chronic ankle instability were randomly equally allocated the I group (whole body vibration stimulated at 10 Hz), or the II group (20 Hz), or the III group (25 Hz). All the participants (male:13/female: 32, age: $26.64{\pm}3.14$) in this study received whole body vibration therapy for an additional 15 minutes after hot pack and ultrasound three times a week for four weeks. Outcome were measured before and after 4 weeks training. RESULTS: All the three groups showed significant differences in AII and CAIT after intervention (p<.05). I group showed the most significant difference (p<.05). All the three groups also showed significant increase in ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion after training (p<.05). I group showed greater increase than the other groups in ankle dorsiflexion (p<.05). The X-axis, Y-axis, and fluctuation speed were significantly decreased in the three groups (p<.05), but there was no significant difference between the three groups after the intervention. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that the whole body vibration stimulation according to various frequencies is effective for improve ankle instability, ankle range of motion and balance ability in adult with chronic ankle instability. 10 Hz whole body vibration stimulation could help improve ankle instability and ankle range more effectively than other frequencies.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.332-343
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• 2016

Objectives: Study purpose was to investigate perception on diet, diet problems and related factors among young adult women using focus group interviews (FGI) based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Methods: Eight groups of FGI were conducted with 47 female undergraduate or graduate students. Guide for FGI included questions regarding perception on optimal diet, diet problems and cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors of SCT. FGI were video, audio-taped, transcribed and analyzed by themes and sub-themes. Results: Subjects showed irregular eating habits (skipping breakfast, irregular meal time) and selection of unhealthy foods as the main diet problems. Regarding cognitive factors related to optimal diet, subjects mentioned positive outcome expectations (e.g., health promotion, skin health, improvement in eating habits, etc.) and negative outcome expectations (e.g., annoying, hungry, expensive, taste). Factors that promoted optimal diet were mainly received from information from mobile or internet and access to menu or recipes. Factors that prevented optimal diet included influence from friends, lack of time and cooking skills. Behavioral factors for optimal diet included behavioral capability regarding snacks, healthy eating and smart food selection. Subjects mentioned mass media (mobile, internet, TV) as the influential physical environment, and significant others (parents, friends, grandparents) as the influential social environment in optimal diet. For education topics, subjects wanted to learn about healthy meals, basic nutrition, disease and nutrition, and weight control. They wanted to learn those aspects by using mobile or internet, lectures (cooking classes), campaign and events. Conclusions: Study results might be used for planning education regarding optimal diet for young adult women. Education programs need to focus on increasing positive outcome expectations (e.g., health) and behavioral capability for healthy eating and food selection, reducing negative outcome expectations (e.g., cost, taste) and barriers, making supportive environments for optimal diet, and incorporating topics and methods found in this study.

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수정란이식학회 2004년도 제4회 발생공학 국제심포지움 및 학술대회
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• pp.26-31
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• 2004

This work was undertaken in order to study the developmental competence of nuclear transfer cat embryo with fetal fibroblast and adult skin fibroblast as donor nuclei. Oocytes wererecovered by mincing the ovaries in Hepes-buffered TCM199 and selected the cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) with compact cumulus cell mass and dark. Homogenous ooplasm were cultured for maturation in TCM199 + 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 12 hours and used as a source of recipient cytoplast for exogenous somatic nuclei. In Experiment 1, we evaluated the effect donor cell types on the reconstruction and development of cloned embryos. Fusion, first cleavage and blastocyst developmental rate was not different between fetal fibroblast and adult skin cell (71.2 vs. 66.8; 71.0 vs. 57.6; 4.0 vs. 6.1 %, P<0.05). In Experiment 2, cloned embryos were surgically transferred into the oviducts of recipient queens. One of seven recipient queens was delivered naturally 2healthy cloned cats and 1 stillborn from fetal fibroblast cell of male origin after 65 days embryo transfer. One of three recipient queens was delivered naturally 1 healthy cloned cat from adult skin cell of female after 65 days embryo transfer. The cloned cats showed genotypes identical to the donor cell lines, indicating that adult somatic cells can be used for feline cloning.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제5_6권
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• pp.59-63
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• 1968

본 논문은 1963-1965년 사이에 구기자 혹응애의 생태에 관하여 조사 관찰한 결과의 일부를 보고한 것이다. (1) 구기자 혹응애의 기주식물은 순기자나무 까마중 및 고추 등이다. (2) 이동과 전파는 물리적인 매개체에 의하며, 풍향은 이동과 전파에 영향이 크다. (3) 1자당 산난수는 평균 $28.5\pm0.499$개이고, 란기간은 평균 $7.0\pm0.447$일이다. 유충기문은 평균 $4.33±\pm0.667$일이다. (4) 식입 후 경과일별 충영의 크기는 1일째는 평균 $290.5\pm0.3415\pm$ 이며, 25일째는 평균 $3260.5\pm0.5157\mu$이다. (5) 성충기간은 25-30일이고 식입 후 산난일은 6일 이다. (6) 연발생회수는 6-7회이며, 성충태로 충영내에서 월동하여 5월 하순에 제1회 성충이 나타난다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.137-150
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• 2008

Sexually mature male and female rats were orally intubated with the organophosphorus insecticide, Pestban at a daily dosage of 7.45 or 3.72 mg/kg bwt, equivalent to 1/20 and 1/40 $LD_{50}$, respectively. Male rats were exposed for 70 days, while the female rats were exposed for 14 days, premating, during mating and throughout the whole length of gestation and lactation periods till weaning. The results showed depressed acetylcholinesterase(AChE) activity in the brain of parents, fetuses and their placentae in a dose-dependent manner. The fertility was significantly reduced with increasing the dose in both treated groups, with more pronounced suppressive effects in the male treated group. The number of implantation sites and viable fetuses were significantly reduced in pregnant females of both treated groups. However, the number of resorptions, dead fetuses, and pre-and postimplantation losses were significantly increased. The incidence of resorptions was more pronounced in treated female compared to male group and was dose dependant. The behavioral responses as well as fetal survival and viability indices were altered in both treated groups during the lactation period. The incidence of these effects was more pronounced in the treated female group and occurred in a dose-related manner. The recorded morphological, visceral, and skeletal anomalies were significantly increased with increasing the dose in fetuses of both treated groups, with more pronounced effects on fetuses of treated females. In conclusion, the exposure of adult male and female rats to Pestban would cause adverse effects on fertility and reproduction.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.118-135
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• 2009

This study is done in Shanghai area by sample survey of female college students. Through direct contact survey, this study collected and analyzed information on figure to understand feature of breasts and measurements of body to provide base information to improve product of brassiere for adult female in China. Data was analyzed by using SPSSWIN 13.0 Program and SAS 9.0. 1. From a result of analysis on the body measures to understand the characteristics of the shape of the breast of the Chinese female college students(18$\sim$24 years old), the bust circumference was 83.86cm and the underbust circumference was 73.37cm and the cup size of a brassiere was 75A. 2. From a result of analysis on the bust measures to understand the relations between the front, lateral and cross-sectional proportions of the bust and the shape of the breast in the Chinese female college students, the chest height was 0.77, the bust height was 0.71 and the underbust height was 0.68 as the information of the body type that shows the location of the bust that is the measure of an item to a height as the front proportion of the bust. For the lateral proportion of the bust, the chest depth of the waist depth was 0.98, the bust depth, 1.21 and the underbust depth, 1.03. While the bust depth/waist depth is ideal when being 1.3, it was 1.21 in this study to be close to the ideal lateral shape. For the cross-sectional proportion of the bust, the area of the largest evenness was the bust followed by the waist, underbust and chest in order. 3. From a result of analysis on the correlation between measured items necessary to understand the characteristic of the shape of the breast, to set up the sizes and to produce the patterns, the underbust circumference had a relatively high correlation between the items of breadth, depth and circumference and weight as the items of basic areas.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Previous studies have reported on the overlapping of $F_1$ and $F_2$ distribution for the vowels /o/ and /u/ produced by young Korean speakers of the Seoul dialect. It has been suggested that the overlapping of /o/ and /u/ occurs due to sound change. However, few studies have examined whether speech rate influences the overlapping of /o/ and /u/. On the other hand, previous studies have reported that the overlapping of /o/ and /u/ in syllable produced by male speakers is smaller than by female speakers. Few reports have investigated on the overlapping of the two vowels in read speech produced by male speakers. In the current study, we examined whether speech rates affect overlapping of /o/ and /u/ in read speech by male and female speakers. Read speech produced by twelve young adult native speakers of Seoul dialect were recorded in three speech rates. For female speakers, discriminant analysis showed that the discriminant rate became lower as the speech rate increases from slow to fast. Thus, this indicates that speech rate is one of the factors affecting the overlapping of /o/ and /u/. For male speakers, on the other hand, the discriminant rate was not correlated with speech rate, but the overlapping was larger than that of female speakers in read speech. Moreover, read speech by male speakers was less clear than by female speakers. This indicates that the overlapping may be related to unclear speech by sociolinguistic reasons for male speakers.